《2022年高考英語二輪總復習 第1講 冠詞學案》由會員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《2022年高考英語二輪總復習 第1講 冠詞學案(4頁珍藏版)》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、2022年高考英語二輪總復習 第1講 冠詞學案1. Experts think that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso. (xx浙江卷) A. the; 不填 B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; a 【答案及解析】1. D考查冠詞在語境中的用法。句意為“專家認為,最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的油畫可能是畢加索的作品?!眛he painting特指最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的油畫;a Picasso意為a Picassos painting,泛指畢加索的一件作品,有one的含義。 2. Many lifestyle patterns do such
2、_ great harm to health that they actually speed up _ weakening of the human body. (xx浙江卷) A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; /【答案及解析】2. B句意:許多生活方式對人類的健康有害,他們加速了人類身體的衰退。“對有害”是固定短語“do harm to”,名詞前無冠詞;之后的weakening是動詞加ing形式,是一個抽象名詞,當表達一種概念、狀況時需要加上the。 3. I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive
3、 got _ rough idea of _ project plan. (xx浙江卷) A. the; a B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the【答案及解析】3. D句意:我不明白那個工程師的意思,但我已大致了解了這個項目的計劃。have a rough idea是固定詞組,意為“大致了解”,而plan在本句中表示特指,故用定冠詞the。 定冠詞的基本用法 1. 表示上文提到過的人或事物。如:I have bought a book. The book is very useful. 2. 用于說話人與聽話人心中都有數(shù)的人或事物。如:Close the window
4、, please. 3. 用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物之前。如:the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。4. 用于表示方位的名詞之前。如:the east, the right5. 用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級之前。如:the first, the tallest定冠詞的基本用法 6. 用于形容詞之前,使其名詞化。如:the sick, the wounded7. 用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞之前。如:the United States, the United Nations8. 用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島、建筑物等名詞之前。如:the Chang
5、jiang River, the East Lake9. 用于復數(shù)姓氏之前,表示“夫婦”或“全家”。如:the Smiths 10. 用于西洋樂器名詞前。如:play the piano, play the violin11. 用于發(fā)明物前。如:The pass was invented in China. 12. 用于年代名詞前。如:He lived in the countryside in the 1970s. 13. 用于固定詞組中。如:in the morning (afternoon, evening), on the other hand, at the same time不定冠
6、詞的基本用法 1. 泛指一個。如:There is a book on the table. 2. 指人或事物的某一種類。如:His father is a driver. 3. 指某一個人或事物,但不具體說明。如:My sister was saved by a PLA man in the fire. 4. 用于某一些表示重量、長度、時間等單位前,表示“每一”。如:We have meals three times a day. 5. 表示同樣的。如:They are of an age.6. 表數(shù)量,相當于one,但語意較弱。如:There is a pen and two books
7、on the desk. 7. 使抽象名詞具體化。如:The little girl is a help to her mother. 8. 固定搭配。如:as a matter of fact, in a hurry不用冠詞的情況:1. 表示總稱的復數(shù)名詞之前。如:Children love cartoons. 2. 不含普通名詞的專有名詞前。如:We are studying English. 3. 名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾時。如:I like this picture.I do not have any money.As time went on, Einst
8、eins theory proved to be correct. 4. 季節(jié)、月份、星期等名詞前,一般不用冠詞。如:She likes spring most. 5. 稱呼語前不用冠詞。如:What shall I do next, Mother?6. 三餐飯前不用冠詞。如:What did you have for lunch?7. 節(jié)假日前不用冠詞。如:People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day. 不用冠詞的情況: 8. 球類和棋類運動的名稱前不用冠詞。如:She is fond of playing basketball. 9. 在
9、一些成對出現(xiàn)的短語中不用冠詞。如:arm in arm(手挽手); hand in hand(手牽手); side by side(肩并肩); day and day(日日夜夜);young and old(老老少少); from door to door(挨門挨戶); from beginning to end(從頭到尾); from morning till night(從早到晚)等。 易錯易混點1. 抽象名詞具體化時,被具體化的名詞可能會與a/an連用。如: a heavy rain一場大雨 a surprise一件怪事 a pleasure一件樂事 a success / failur
10、e一個成功的或失敗的人,一件成功的或失敗的事 2. 形容詞比較級前用the表示“兩者中較的”,而形容詞比較級前用a/an則表示“再/更”。 形容詞最高級前用the表示“三者或三者以上中最的”, 而形容詞最高級前用a/an時無比較含義。如: Which is the_larger country, Canada or Australia? If there were no exams, we should have a_much_happier_time at school. It is a_most_useful book. ( a very useful book) He is the_mo
11、st_diligent_student in this class. 3. “the 序數(shù)詞”表示排序, “a/an 序數(shù)詞”則表示“再一、又一”之意。序數(shù)詞修飾動詞事實上已成為副詞,這時要用零冠詞。如: Can you give me a_second_chance,_please?(another chance) He was only 5 years old when I first saw him. 4. 表示世界上獨一無二的事物時一般用the修飾,但如果此類名詞已有修飾成分,也可能加a/an。如:all over the_world,_ a peaceful world。 5. “零
12、冠詞 單數(shù)名詞 as/though 主語謂語”, 意為“雖然/盡管但是”。考生易犯帶上冠詞的錯誤。如: Hero as he is, he has some shortings. Young man as he is, he has seen much of the world. 6. 牢記高考中常見的純不可數(shù)名詞,它們是:weather, fun, space, advice, word(置于句首相當于news), progress, information, news。以上這些詞不能與不定冠詞連用。如: Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.