2020屆高考英語 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)練習(xí) 冠詞的講解與訓(xùn)練

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1、冠詞的講解與訓(xùn)練 冠詞 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 冠詞是虛詞，放在名詞之前，用來說明名詞所指的人或事，一般沒有句子重音。 冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an），定冠詞（the）和零冠詞。 疑難突破 1. 不定冠詞a/an的用法： 1 指一類人或事，相當(dāng)于a kind of A car is a machine that can run fast. 2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A man is waiting for Tom. 3 表示“每一”相當(dāng)于every，one We work nine hours a day. 4 表示“相同”相當(dāng)于the same They are

2、nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前，表示不認(rèn)識(shí)此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事 A Mr. Mike came to see him when you were at school. That writer is rather a Lu Xun. 6 用于固定詞組中 a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8 用于so(as

3、, too, how)+形容詞之后 John is as clever a boy as you can wish to meet. 9 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“一個(gè)人（或物）。但是用an或是a，不是有后面的詞的首字母是否是原音決定的，而是由首字母的發(fā)音是否是原音決定的。 At an early age, she began to like it.在早年，她就開始喜歡它。 It's a used tool, so it is smooth. 那是一件被用過了的工具，所以很光滑。 There is an hour left.還剩一小時(shí)。 2. 定冠the詞的用法： 1 表

4、示某一類人或物 The dog is a useful animal. 2 用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人 the poor, the dead, the green 3 用于樂器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 4 表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事 Would you mind my opening the door? 5 用于世上獨(dú)一無二的事物名詞前 the earth, the sun, the Pacific Ocean 6 表示“一家人”或“夫婦” the Smith, the Hongs 7 用于序數(shù)

5、詞和形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)前 He is the shorter of the two boys. 8 用于黨派、國(guó)家等以及江、河、湖、海及山川群島的名詞前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 9 用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前 The compass was invented in China. 10 用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞，及表示時(shí)間的詞組前 He hit me on the shoulder. 11 用于表示單位的名詞前 I hired the truck by the hour

6、. 12 在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代 in the 1980s 3.零冠詞的用法： 1 專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前 Mike,Wuhan University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名詞前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3 季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示

7、泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前 pens are useful tools. 5 學(xué)科，語言，球類，棋類名詞前 He likes playing football/chess. 6 與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前 by train, by air, by land 7 以and連接的兩個(gè)相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí) writer and poest, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前 Mary was made monitorof our class. 注意： 高考一般偏重于考查冠詞的特指、泛指、零冠詞的用法及其加在形容詞前面表

8、示一類人或事物等較多。 即學(xué)即練 1.?We?can?never?expect?_______??bluer?sky?unless?we?create??_______??less?polluted?world. A.?a;?a????????????????????????B.?a;?the? C.?the;?a????????????????????D.?the;?the 2.?The?biggest?whale?is?___?blue?whale,?which?grows?to?be?about?29?meters?long—the?height?of?___

9、____?9-story?building. A.?the;?the???? B.?a;?a???? C.?a;?the?????? D.?the;?a 3.?Some?people?fear?that?________?air?pollution?may?bring?about?changes?in?_______?weather around?the?world. A.?/;?the??????? B.?the;?/??????? C.?an;?the???????? D.?the;?a 4.?Let’s?g

10、o?to???????cinema-that’ll?take?your?mind?off?the?problem?for_______while. A.?the;?the???? B.?the;?a C.?a;?the??? D.?a?;?a 5.?What????pity?that?you?couldn’t?be?there?to?receive??_______??prize! A.?a;?a????? B.?the;?a?????? C.?a;?the???? D.?the;?the 6.?In?o

11、rder?to?find?_______?better?job,?he?decided?to?study?_________?second?foreign?language. A.?the;?a????? B.?a;?a??? C.?the;?the??????? D.?a;?the 7.I?don’t?understand?what?the?engineer?means,?but?I’ve?got?_______?rough?idea?of?______?project?plan. A.?the;?a? B.?不填;?the

12、 C.?the;?不填 D.?a;?the 8,?Washing?machines?made?by?China?have?won______worldwide?attention?and?Haier?has?become______popular?name. A.?a;?the????????????????B.?/;?a? C.?/;?the??????????????????D.?the;?a 9.?What?I?need?is______book?that?contains??______ABC?of?oil?painting. A

13、.?a;?不填???????? B.?the;?不填????? C.?the;?an???? D.?a;?the 10.Let’s go to ______ cinema – that’ll take your mind off the problem for _____while. A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a; a 冠詞 即學(xué)即練 1. A。這兩空都是泛指。第一空泛指蔚藍(lán)的天空；第二空泛指沒有污染的世界。 2.B。第一空泛指藍(lán)鯨，第二空泛指一幢九

14、層的高樓。 3.A??？疾楣谠~用法。Air?pollution?是抽象名詞這里是泛指，weather?這里是特指全球的氣候，根據(jù)the?weather?around?the?world?可知。 4.B。?考查冠詞的用法。go?to?the?cinema?表示具體的某地，for?a?while?固定搭配，表示“一會(huì)兒”。 5.C??？疾楣谠~。第一空所填冠詞與上下文構(gòu)成固定句型what?a?pity?that…，用不定冠詞a；第二空后名詞表示表特指，用定冠詞the，選C。 6.B?。?考查冠詞的用法。該題的意思是：為了找到一個(gè)更好的工作，他決定再學(xué)習(xí)另外一門外語。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a?+序數(shù)詞+名詞表示又一，再一。 7.D。第一空是泛指，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用a，第二空是特指心目中所知道的項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃。 8.B。第一空不可數(shù)名詞泛指，不用冠詞。第二空泛指一個(gè)受歡迎的名字用a。 9.D。第一空是泛指一本書。第二空是特指油畫ABC。 10.B?？疾楣谠~。go to the cinema屬于固定詞組“去電影院”；for a while表示短暫的時(shí)間，“一會(huì)兒”。句意：咱們?nèi)タ措娪鞍?，這樣就會(huì)暫時(shí)忘記這個(gè)煩惱。