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1、初中英語楊娜,百位名師技能大賽,Winter has already come, 春天已經(jīng)來了， Will it still be far in spring? 冬天還會遠(yuǎn)么？,Winter has already come,現(xiàn)在,完成 時(shí)態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義：用來表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系： 動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去，但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。 They have left. 他們已經(jīng)離開。也就是說他們現(xiàn)在人不在那里。 I have had my lunch. 我?guī)捉?jīng)吃午飯了，也就是說我現(xiàn)在不餓。 也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)
2、作或狀態(tài) He has learned English since 2001. 從2001年開始學(xué)的，現(xiàn)在還繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢。,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) Past future now 一般過去時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)，或者發(fā)生在過去對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的比較 （1）一般過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。 I saw this
3、 film yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了） I have seen this film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）,（2）一般過去時(shí)常與具體的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用，或無時(shí)間狀語。 一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語： yesterday, last week, ago, in 1990, in October, just now ---具體的時(shí)間狀語 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語： for, since, so far, ever, never, yet, till/until, up to now, In the p
4、ast few years, recently, just ---模糊的時(shí)間狀語 句子中如有過去的時(shí)間副詞（如yesterday, last week）時(shí)， 不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過去時(shí) Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.,(3) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, learn, study, work, know. 一般過去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有 come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married 等。 She join
5、ed the League three years ago. (加入的動(dòng)作不是延續(xù)的） She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). （在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)） She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago). (是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）,He went to Shanghai last week. 上周他【做了一件事：那就是】去了上海 He has been to Shanghai. 他（曾經(jīng)）去過上海。【在他人
6、生中曾經(jīng)有過這樣的經(jīng)歷，但他人 肯定不是在上海而是回來了】 He has gone to Shanghai. 他已經(jīng)去上海了【也許剛動(dòng)身出發(fā)，也許已經(jīng)到了，也許還在路上， 反正他人不在這里】 He has been in Shanghai for ten years. 他人在上海迄今為止已經(jīng)十年了【現(xiàn)在還在上海沒有離開呢】,,辨析這些句子 由于時(shí)態(tài)導(dǎo)致的 含義上的差別,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化 (重難點(diǎn)） 1. He died ten years ago. ---He _____ _____ _____ for ten years/ since ten years ago. 2. H
7、e borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. ---He _____ _____ the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the bike a month ago. ---He _____ _____ the bike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. ---He _____ _____ here since three days ago. 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. ---The light _____ ______ _
8、____ for 2 hours.,has been dead,has kept,has had,has been,has been on,6. He left here 2 years ago. ---He _____ _____ _____ from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. ---The film _____ _____ _____ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. ---The door _____ _____ _____ for an hour. 9. They close the door an hour ago. ---The door _____ _____ _____ for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. ---He _____ _____ a soldier for a year. ---He _____ _____ _____ the army for a year.,has been away,has been on,has been open,has been closed,has been,has been in,
一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)區(qū)別辨析
