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中文題目：載重汽車轉(zhuǎn)向橋設(shè)計(jì) 外文題目：THE DESEGH OF THE TRUCK STEERING AXLE 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）共 52 頁(yè)（其中：外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 16 頁(yè)） 圖紙共 4 張 完成日期 答辯日期 載重汽車轉(zhuǎn)向橋設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 本設(shè)計(jì)為載重汽車的轉(zhuǎn)向橋，此轉(zhuǎn)向橋需要適應(yīng)不同路況，不同速度下的穩(wěn)定行駛， 因此對(duì)前橋的要求也越來越高。在汽車設(shè)計(jì)、制造、因此應(yīng)該本著既能有足夠的承載能 力，又能實(shí)現(xiàn)耐用經(jīng)濟(jì)的思想進(jìn)行方案的選擇，為了降低生產(chǎn)成本，又在結(jié)構(gòu)上滿足要 求的情況下應(yīng)盡量簡(jiǎn)單。 通過設(shè)計(jì)：（1）保證有足夠的強(qiáng)度：以保證可靠的承受車輪與車架之間的作用力。 （2）保證有足夠的剛度：以使車輪定位參數(shù)不變。 （3）保證轉(zhuǎn)向輪有正確的定位角度： 以使轉(zhuǎn)向輪運(yùn)動(dòng)穩(wěn)定，操縱輕便并減輕輪胎的磨損。 （4）轉(zhuǎn)向橋的質(zhì)量應(yīng)盡可能?。阂?減少非簧上質(zhì)量，提高汽車行駛平順性。 通過分析工作原理設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)、前軸、主銷等零件的尺寸，使各個(gè)零部件的強(qiáng)度滿 足校核，并運(yùn)用 caxa 等繪圖軟件繪制裝配圖和零件圖。 關(guān)鍵詞: 轉(zhuǎn)向橋；定位參數(shù)；轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)；前軸；主銷 The design of the truck steering axle Abstract This design is Steering Axle for heavy trucks. The design is need to adapt to different road and under different speeds, so the stability of front axle higher requirements. In car design, manufacture, and should be based on both have enough carrying capacity, and can achieve durable economic thoughts options, in order to reduce the production cost, and meets the requirements in the structure of situations should as far as possible simple. By design: (1) To ensure adequate strength: in order to ensure affordable and reliable force between wheel and frame. By design: (1) To ensure adequate strength: in order to ensure affordable and reliable force between wheel and frame. (2) Ensure adequate rigidity: in order to change the wheel alignment parameters. (3)To ensure the correct positioning of steering wheel angle: to make the steering wheel movement and stability, manipulating light and reduce tire wear. (4) The steering axle of quality should be as small as possible: to reduce the non-sprung mass, improve vehicle ride comfort. Works by analyzing the design of steering knuckle, front axle, kingpin and other parts of the size, so that the strength of the various components to meet the check, and use other mapping software caxa assembly drawing and parts are drawing. Key words: steering axle; positional parameters; knuckle; front axle；kingpin 目錄 前 言 .........................................................................................................................1 1.汽車轉(zhuǎn)向橋的概況 ...............................................................................................2 1.1 汽車轉(zhuǎn)向橋目前狀況 .....................................................................................2 1.1.1 汽車前橋的分類 ......................................................................................2 1.1.2 前橋各參數(shù)對(duì)汽車穩(wěn)定性的作用與影響 ..............................................2 1.2 從動(dòng)橋的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 .........................................................................................5 1.2.1 從動(dòng)橋總體結(jié)構(gòu) .....................................................................................5 1.2.2 載重汽車從動(dòng)橋 .....................................................................................6 1.2.3 載重汽車從動(dòng)橋 .....................................................................................7 1.2.4 設(shè)計(jì)意義 ..................................................................................................7 2.轉(zhuǎn)向橋的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù) .......................................................................................8 2.1 結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)選擇 .................................................................................................8 2.2 從動(dòng)橋總體結(jié)構(gòu)選擇 .....................................................................................8 2.3 確定前橋具體結(jié)構(gòu)型式 .................................................................................8 3.前軸設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................................9 3.1 前軸強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 .................................................................................................9 3.1.1 前軸受力分析簡(jiǎn)圖 ..................................................................................9 3.1.2 前軸載荷的計(jì)算（分三種工況分析 ） ................................................10 3.2 前軸彎矩及扭矩計(jì)算 ...................................................................................11 3.2.1 前軸斷面分析圖 ....................................................................................11 3.2.2 各個(gè)斷面彎扭矩計(jì)算（分三種工況分析） ........................................12 3.3 斷面系數(shù)計(jì)算 ...............................................................................................13 3.4 應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................19 3.5 前軸材料的許用應(yīng)力 ...................................................................................20 4.轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................................................................21 4.1 截面系數(shù)計(jì)算 ...............................................................................................21 4.2 彎矩計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................21 4.3 應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................22 4.4 轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)的材料、許用應(yīng)力及強(qiáng)度校核 .......................................................22 5.主銷設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................23 5.1 主銷受力計(jì)算參數(shù) .......................................................................................23 5.2 計(jì)算載荷 .......................................................................................................23 5.3 彎矩計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................25 5.4 抗彎斷面系數(shù)、剪切面積和主銷襯套擠壓面積的計(jì)算 ...........................25 5.5 應(yīng)力計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................26 5.6 主銷材料及許用應(yīng)力 ...................................................................................27 6.轉(zhuǎn)向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................28 6.1 轉(zhuǎn)向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ...............................................................................28 6.1.1 球頭銷 ....................................................................................................29 6.1.2 轉(zhuǎn)向拉桿 ................................................................................................29 6.1.3 轉(zhuǎn)向搖臂 ................................................................................................29 6.2 桿件設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果 ...............................................................................................30 7.經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)分析 .....................................................................................................31 7.1 我國(guó)汽車車橋行業(yè)發(fā)展歷程 .......................................................................31 7.2 國(guó)內(nèi)汽車車橋產(chǎn)量和市場(chǎng)容量分析 ...........................................................31 7.3 汽車車橋業(yè)發(fā)展特征及問題透視 ...............................................................31 7.4 車橋產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)解析轉(zhuǎn)向橋經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析 ...................................................31 7.5 提高轉(zhuǎn)向橋經(jīng)濟(jì)性 .......................................................................................32 8.結(jié) 論 .................................................................................................................33 致 謝 ...................................................................................................................34 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) ...........................................................................................................35 附 錄 ...................................................................................................................36 附錄 1 英文原文 ..................................................................................................36 附錄 2 中文譯文 ..................................................................................................46