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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
本設(shè)計(jì)主要圍繞發(fā)動機(jī)曲軸的工藝規(guī)程和專用夾具設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行研究，其內(nèi)容包括了解曲軸結(jié)構(gòu)，確定曲軸的生產(chǎn)類型及相關(guān)的技術(shù)要求。在此基礎(chǔ)上，選擇毛坯，確定毛坯的尺寸公差和機(jī)械加工余量，繪制毛坯圖。并在認(rèn)真詳細(xì)分析零件圖后，進(jìn)行基準(zhǔn)的選擇，制定了表面加工方法，劃分加工階段，根據(jù)生產(chǎn)類型確定工序的集中和分散，合理地安排工序，編排合適的工藝路線；進(jìn)行詳細(xì)計(jì)算，包括：加工余量、工序尺寸和公差的確定、切削用量的計(jì)算及時(shí)間定額的計(jì)算。從而制定出一套合理的機(jī)械加工工藝卡片和機(jī)械加工工序卡片。
第二部分主要圍繞專用鉆床類夾具進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。首先明確夾具設(shè)計(jì)的主要任務(wù)，通過確定定位元件，導(dǎo)向裝置，夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)得出夾具的結(jié)構(gòu)方案，查閱相關(guān)國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，繪畫夾具裝配圖。
總之，曲軸加工工藝的安排以及專用夾具的設(shè)計(jì)是一項(xiàng)非常復(fù)雜的高難度工作，它是一種需大批量生產(chǎn)的零件，且技術(shù)要求比較高，為了確保產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和水平，設(shè)計(jì)工作按照科學(xué)的程序進(jìn)行，分清主次。
關(guān)鍵詞：曲軸；加工工藝；定位；夾緊；鉆孔；夾具設(shè)計(jì)
ABSTRACT
In this paper the technological procedure and proprietary drilling fixture design of the engine crankshaft were studied, whose contents included that the use of crankshaft, the production type of crankshaft of and the relevant technical requirements. On this basis, the rough was chosen, and the size of the rough was determined, and the mechanical allowances were determined. A rough map was drawn. After carefully detailed analysis of the parts, the reference was chosen, the development of surface processing methods was determined, and the demarcation of the processing stages was divided. According to the production process the type of centralization and decentralization was determined, the process was reasonably arranged, and the order and orchestrates a suitable process line were set up. Then some detail was calculated, such as allowance, processes size and the determination of tolerance. The amount of calculation and the calculation of the fixed time was cut. Thus a set of reasonable card processing machinery and mechanical processes cards were drawn up.
The second part of the design was the focus of this issue which was difficult, who was mainly centered on proprietary drilling fixture design, Z525-use vertical drilling, drilling middle-hole design process by which a drilling fixture. Firstly fixture was designed to clear the major tasks identified by positioning components, guidance devices, clamping body fixture structure, access to the relevant national standards, painting fixture assembly.
In short, the processing arrangements of crankshaft and the design of special fixture are a very complex difficult work. It is required in mass production. The technical requirements are relatively high. In order to ensure the quality and level of design the design work was carried out in accordance with the procedures of science, the relation between primary and secondary was distinguished.
Keywords: Bent axle； Processing technical； Cutting parameters； FixtureDesign
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