夾具類外文翻譯-研究和開發(fā)軟件的計算機(jī)輔助夾具設(shè)計【中文2678字】【PDF+中文WORD】
夾具類外文翻譯-研究和開發(fā)軟件的計算機(jī)輔助夾具設(shè)計【中文2678字】【PDF+中文WORD】,中文2678字,PDF+中文WORD,夾具,外文,翻譯,研究,開發(fā)軟件,計算機(jī)輔助,設(shè)計,中文,2678,PDF,WORD
【中文2678字】
研究和開發(fā)軟件的計算機(jī)輔助夾具設(shè)計
摘要：機(jī)床夾具的設(shè)計是很常見的在技術(shù)設(shè)計。本研究的目的提高的幫助下夾具設(shè)計的效率計算機(jī)輔助夾具設(shè)計。的例子fixture-design軟件開發(fā)基于AutoCAD介紹了平臺。從工程師的角度來看,在夾具設(shè)計過程中出現(xiàn)的一些問題進(jìn)行了探討。夾具設(shè)計的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化也進(jìn)行了討論。
關(guān)鍵詞:夾具、計算機(jī)、設(shè)計。
1． 介紹
在機(jī)械工程的過程中,過程表面符合技術(shù)要求的需求某些工件的一部分,有必要修復(fù)工作在機(jī)床或夾具加工。的技術(shù)設(shè)備用于修復(fù)工件并確保加工精度稱為機(jī)床夾具,經(jīng)常稱為夾具[1]。
計算機(jī)輔助夾具設(shè)計(CAFD)采用計算機(jī)技術(shù)在夾具的設(shè)計實現(xiàn)夾具的半自動和自動設(shè)計。結(jié)合fixture-design的例子軟件開發(fā)基于AutoCAD平臺,目前的研究探討和論述了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化夾具設(shè)計軟件的發(fā)展[2]。
在機(jī)械加工夾具設(shè)計是必要的。夾具的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化已經(jīng)申請了許多年。然而,由于形狀的差異處理部分,大量的專業(yè)部分需要特殊的設(shè)計需要在夾具設(shè)計中,在滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的需求使困難和協(xié)調(diào)。除此外,它是一個浪費能源時間選擇起草大量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化在夾具設(shè)計部分。
計算機(jī)軟件平臺的就業(yè)會議的需求開發(fā)夾具設(shè)計軟件設(shè)計者可以促進(jìn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和提供指導(dǎo)初學(xué)者。這是許多研究的主題研究人員和目前的研究探索了這一主題依賴于研究[3 ~ 7]。
2． 的需求和隊伍裝置的軟件設(shè)計
作者的思想的發(fā)展計算機(jī)輔助夾具設(shè)計的靈感機(jī)床夾具設(shè)計在大學(xué)機(jī)械專業(yè)。學(xué)生被初學(xué)者,他們覺得夾具設(shè)計而抽象的。因此,該軟件不僅包括修復(fù)過程的許多動畫仿真,也各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的數(shù)據(jù)庫部分,更多直接為初學(xué)者,尤其是學(xué)生。
本文中描述的CAFD設(shè)計軟件主要基于AutoCAD軟件平臺,編寫的Visual c++語言和AutoLISP,嵌入式語言AutoCAD或VBA,或軟件嵌入三維建模使用其他三維軟件(UG、pro / E)。通過這種方式,實現(xiàn)夾具設(shè)計。
用戶友好性是良好設(shè)計的關(guān)鍵軟件,這意味著設(shè)計師完成設(shè)計一步嗎一步的指導(dǎo)下也學(xué)習(xí)的軟件同時知識。
實現(xiàn)這個目的,根據(jù)生產(chǎn)和國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定,軟件的研究現(xiàn)狀包括五個部分。
第一部分主要包括典型的畫廊。第一類典型夾具的數(shù)據(jù)庫可以選擇根據(jù)機(jī)床。的commonly-seen裝置銑床、鉆床、車床和無聊介紹了機(jī)。第二種類型可以選擇根據(jù)工件的要求,引入典型設(shè)備的處理不同的飛機(jī),洞或圓弧。通過這個窗口,設(shè)計師可以搜索在設(shè)計的夾具與工件,直接修改和使用,除此之外,他們還可以掌握設(shè)計的要點并獲得靈感。
第二部分是夾具的設(shè)計和選擇的典型設(shè)置,包括常用的定心裝置,索引裝置、復(fù)制裝置和傳輸模式。透過窗戶,設(shè)計師會知道的使用這些設(shè)備并選擇根據(jù)他們的需求。
第三部分是夾緊的設(shè)計和計算設(shè)備,介紹了夾緊和理論各種夾緊裝置夾緊力的計算和他們的應(yīng)用程序。設(shè)計師可以選擇合適的夾緊裝置和計算夾緊力。
圖1 夾具設(shè)計的過程
第四部分可以分為通用的數(shù)據(jù)庫零件和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的部分。一些夾具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件設(shè)計都包含在這部分,支撐等元素調(diào)整工具,導(dǎo)流板,位置,夾緊塊、定位器等。設(shè)計師可以選擇合適的設(shè)備從數(shù)據(jù)庫的大小。
第五是其他夾具設(shè)計,包括模塊化夾具設(shè)計,夾具,隨行夾具等例子中,介紹了模塊化夾具部分
應(yīng)用程序和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)庫的洞seriesand槽系列模塊化夾具。這可以被認(rèn)為是一個學(xué)習(xí)的平臺和設(shè)計選擇設(shè)計師的平臺。夾具設(shè)計的知識,各種設(shè)備的應(yīng)用程序更加容易。
在CAFD軟件設(shè)計平臺,設(shè)計師根據(jù)程序設(shè)計容易見嗎圖1所示。例如,它的形狀一塊工作嗎?應(yīng)該是一桿或一盒的形式?是平面處理或鉆嗎?什么是大小和什么精度要求嗎?首先我們搜索類似的設(shè)備在典型夾具畫廊,然后抓住關(guān)鍵點在設(shè)計和設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)庫由CAFD設(shè)計軟件。的設(shè)計使用這個軟件有一個快速的優(yōu)點對基礎(chǔ)知識的理解、快速設(shè)計、快速形成一個圖表。
圖2 典型夾具的設(shè)計過程的軟件
3． 設(shè)計的例子
介紹了兩個設(shè)計實例。一個是典型夾具的設(shè)計畫廊,和另一個是設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的數(shù)據(jù)庫。
3.1典型夾具的設(shè)計畫廊
圖2顯示了典型夾具的設(shè)計過程畫廊。銑床的夾具設(shè)計例,如圖3所示,當(dāng)銑夾具選擇飛機(jī)、各種銑削夾具的所示表,供用戶選擇。當(dāng)用戶選擇一個夾具,他們會知道整個夾具及其結(jié)構(gòu)通過動畫演示的方式夾緊。如果用戶認(rèn)為夾具滿足他的需要,他也可以得到二維設(shè)置圖表的夾具理解所有的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)片和普通片夾具,修改部分件的設(shè)計要求。
在軟件設(shè)計時,有一件事我們應(yīng)該支付注意,應(yīng)該提供盡可能多的接口盡可能多的信息。如圖3所示,左邊的圖表是為各種類型的設(shè)備的選擇; 選擇時,所選的應(yīng)用夾具可以觀察插圖框架的右上角的圖,文本框的低右下角提供文本提示。通過這種方式,用戶可以得到所有在一個接口所需的信息。其他的事情我們應(yīng)注意與AutoCAD的聯(lián)系。如圖所示在圖4中,選擇所需的夾具時,用戶可以獲取二維或三維圖并把它在CAD環(huán)境直接修改和轉(zhuǎn)移。
3.2的建設(shè)和應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)庫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)部分
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件廣泛應(yīng)用于特殊的設(shè)計設(shè)備,用戶只需要插入一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)部分提供的軟件設(shè)置圖表。為方便用戶而言,有必要安裝一個大型畫廊軟件和數(shù)據(jù)庫,數(shù)據(jù)庫的安裝和圖紙必須依靠最新的全國專業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。應(yīng)該是下面的問題強(qiáng)調(diào)在軟件設(shè)計。
用戶友好的和優(yōu)秀的插圖和文本。界面的設(shè)計應(yīng)該是互動的和接口的內(nèi)容應(yīng)體現(xiàn)一瞥。應(yīng)該有明確的安排不同類型的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)部分畫廊。在畫廊的設(shè)計,分類和從屬的關(guān)系應(yīng)該注意到。例如,鉸鏈基地和偏心輪屬于夾緊裝置,定位選項卡并v塊屬于定位設(shè)備。對話框是用來幫助用戶搜索所需的組件和選擇圖從畫廊。
圖3 典型的銑床的調(diào)用接口夾具
圖4 銑平面的二維圖夾具
數(shù)據(jù)的獨立性。數(shù)據(jù)是獨立的從過程。數(shù)據(jù)庫、數(shù)據(jù)文件和內(nèi)存變量是使用。圖5是pressure-plate的設(shè)計,直接寫訪問。如圖6所示,數(shù)據(jù)庫可以實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)和程序之間的獨立性,這是有利于大型夾具CAD的發(fā)展系統(tǒng),可以快速檢索數(shù)據(jù)。
修改的可能性。雖然不同的需求將考慮在軟件設(shè)計中,如擴(kuò)大,減少,旋轉(zhuǎn)圖片,隱瞞中央線,用戶可能仍然覺得不滿意。因此,軟件應(yīng)該在畫廊,允許用戶修改圖例如改變一些行成虛線或抹去額外的部分。通常圖不能插入設(shè)計作為一個整體塊。為了不影響previous-drawn圖,插入的往往是一所示新窗口。
4． 結(jié)論
夾具設(shè)計軟件的研究現(xiàn)狀基于AutoCAD的二次開發(fā)。在多年的研究和應(yīng)用,大量的數(shù)據(jù)庫、二維和三維的畫廊已經(jīng)建立?？焖俚哪繕?biāo)機(jī)的設(shè)計工具設(shè)備已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)。工作效率和設(shè)計質(zhì)量已得到改進(jìn)。然而,由于計算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,設(shè)計的軟件還需要改進(jìn)來滿足的需要工程設(shè)計。
圖5 Pressure-Plate選擇的一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)部分databas
圖6旋轉(zhuǎn)Pressure-Plate的數(shù)據(jù)
引用
[1] liu jun. “CAD / CAM技術(shù)和應(yīng)用”,中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)出版社2005.1
[2] Kong qifu 計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計和制造哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社
[3]徐洪金 汪峰齊 郭偉 “研究和開發(fā)計算機(jī)輔助夾具設(shè)計系統(tǒng)”,機(jī)械設(shè)計, 2005年
[4]孔小玲?！癆utoCAD二次-計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計在一般紙板”。機(jī)械設(shè)計和manufacturing.2002.5,16日至18日舉行
[5]Yu jinhaiduochuan?！霸O(shè)計的越快機(jī)床夾具,機(jī)械設(shè)計和manufacturing.2006.6
[6] Yu jinhai Kong xiaoling Huang shuye. “虛擬設(shè)計Soil-Processor SolidWorks”在Rice-seedlingRaising-by-Plates通過包裝和食品machinery.2006.2 31-33
[7] He Peiying, Li Yue·qin.開發(fā)計算機(jī)輔助修復(fù)設(shè)計系統(tǒng)基于證明/ J-Link工程雜志》上圖形,2008.4,33-35。
Research and Development of the Software on Computer-Aided Fixtures Designing
Kong xiaoling,Yangyi, Zhou jie, Guo chen, Zhang hua, Zhao wenlong
Faculty of Technology Anhui Agricultural University
Hefei,230036,China Kong923 @ 126.com
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Abstract
The design of the machine tool fixture is very common in technical design. The purpose of the present research is to improve the efficiency of fixture design with the help of computer-aided fixture design. Examples of the fixture-design software development based on the AutoCAD platform are introduced. From the perspective of engineers, problems during the process of fixture design are discussed. The standardization of fixture design is also discussed.
Keywords: fixture, computer, design.
1. Introduction
In the process of mechanical engineering, to process a surface that meets the needs of technical requirements in a certain part of a work piece, it is necessary to fix the work piece in machine tools or fixtures before processing. The technical equipment used to fix work piece and to ensure processing precision is called machine tool fixture, often referred to as fixture[1].
Computer-Aided Fixture Designing(CAFD) is to employ computer technology in the design of fixtures to realize the semi-automation and automation of fixture design. Combined with the examples of the fixture-design software development based on the AutoCAD platform, the present research explores and discusses the standardization of the development of fixture design software[2].
Fixture design is necessary in mechanical processing. The standardization of fixtures has been applied for many years. However, due to the differences in the shapes of processed parts, a large amount of specialized parts requiring special design are needed in fixture design, which makes difficulties in meeting the needs of standardization and harmonization. Besides, it is a wasting of energy and time to choose and draft the large amount of standardized parts in fixture design.
The employment of computer software platform to develop fixture design software meeting the needs of designers can facilitate the standardization and provide guidance for beginners. This is a subject studied by many researchers and the present research explores this subject relying on the researches done before[3~7].
2. The Requirements and Procession of Fixture Software Design
The author’s idea of the development of computer-aided fixture design was inspired from the machine tool fixture design in college mechanical majors. Students were beginners and they felt the fixture design rather abstract. Therefore, the software not only includes many animated emulations of the fixing procedure, but also the databases for various standard parts, which is more direct for beginners, especially for students.
The CAFD design software described in this paper is mainly based on AutoCAD software platform, written in Visual C++ language and AutoLISP, an embedded language of AutoCAD, or VBA, or software embedded with three-dimensional modeling using other three-dimensional software (UG, pro/E). In this way, fixture design is realized. User-friendliness is the key to good design software, which means that designer will finish the design step by step under the guidance of the software and also learn
knowledge simultaneously.
To fulfill this purpose, according to production and the rules in national standards, the software in present research includes five parts.
Part one mainly includes typical gallery. The first type of the typical fixture in the database can be chosen according to machine tool. The commonly-seen fixtures of milling machine, drilling machine, lathe and boring machine are introduced. The second type can be chosen according to the requirements of work pieces, introducing typical fixtures in the processing of different planes, holes or circular arc. Through this window, designers can search for fixtures similar to the work piece under design, directly make modifications and use them, besides, they can also grasp the key points of design and get inspiration.
Part two is the design and selection of fixtures’ typical setting, including the commonly-used centering device, indexing device, copying device and transmission mode. Through the window, designers will know the usage of these devices and select according to their needs.
Part three is the design and calculation of clamping device, introducing the clamping theories and the calculation of clamping forces of various clamping devices and their applications. Designers can select suitable clamping devices and calculate clamping forces.
978-1-4244-5268-2/09/$25.00 ?2009 IEEE
Drawing of parts of Fixtures
Clamping Device
Standard Part Database
Other Fixtures
End
Typical Fixture Gallery
Typical Setting Gallery
N
Y
Satisfy or not?
Start
Parts Processed
Decision of Fixture Structure
Design of Fixture Chart
Accuracy Check of Fixture Precision
Output Results and Chart
Figure 1. The Procedure of Fixture Design
Part four can be divided into the databases of general parts and of standard parts. Some standard parts in fixture design are included in this part, such as brace, elements for aligning tool, guide plate, locations, clamping piece,localizer etc. Designers can choose fixtures of suitable
size from the database.
Part five is other fixture designs, including modular fixture design, group fixture, accompanying fixture, etc. For example, the modular fixture part introduces the applications and standard pieces database for the hole series
Mark Size, Tolerance, Technical Conditions
Generate the Text of the Details of Part
N
Satisfy
Or not?
Y
N
Y
Need to Draw
Fixture Chart?
Enter Interface of Fixturn Design
Anination Display
Enter Typical Fixture Database
Select Fixture as a Reference
Save and Quit
Draw Setting Chart
Modify
Quit
Figure 2 . The Design Procedure of Typical Fixture Software
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and the groove series of modular fixture. This can be considered a learning platform and a designing selection platform to designers. With the knowledge of fixture design, the applications of various fixtures are much easier.
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Under the CAFD software design platform, designers can design easily according to the procedure illustrated in Figure 1. For example, is it according to the shape of the work piece? Should it be in the form of a pole or a box? Is it plane processing or drilling? What is the size and what are the precision requirements? Firstly we search for similar fixtures in typical fixture gallery, then grasp key points in designing and design according to the standard piece database provided by CAFD design software. The design using this software has the advantages of a fast understanding of the rudiments, fast design, and fast formation of a chart.
3. Design Examples
Two design examples are introduced. One is the design of typical fixture gallery, and the other is the design of standard piece database.
3.1 The Design of Typical Fixture Gallery
Figure 2 shows the design procedure of typical fixture gallery. Take the fixture design of milling machines for example, as illustrated in Figure 3, when fixtures of milling plane are chosen, various milling fixtures are shown in the table for users to choose. When users choose one fixture, they will know the whole structure of the fixture and its means of clamping through animation presentation. If the user believes that the fixture meets his needs, he can also get the two-dimensional setting chart of the fixture to understand all the standard pieces and the general pieces of the fixture, and modifications to certain parts can be made to make the piece up to the design requirement.
Figure 3. The Call Interface of Typical Milling Machine Fixture
During the software design, one thing we should pay attention to is that the interface should provide as much information as possible. As shown in Figure 3, the left of the chart is for the selection of various types of fixtures;
Figure 4. The Two-Dimensional Chart of Milling Plane Fixture
when the choice is made, the application of the chosen fixture can be observed from the illustration frame in the upper right corner of the chart, and the textbox in the lower right corner provides text tips. In this way, users can get all needed information in one interface. The other thing we should pay attention to is the link with AutoCAD. As shown in Figure 4, when the needed fixture is chosen, users can retrieve the two-dimensional or the three-dimensional chart and put it directly in CAD environment for modifications and transferring.
3.2 The Construction and Application of Standard Part Database
Standard parts are used widely in the design of special fixtures, and users only need to insert a standard part provided by the software in the setting chart. For the convenience of users, it is necessary to install a large gallery and database in the software; the installation of database and the drawing must rely on the latest national and professional standards. The following issues should be emphasized in software design.
? user-friendly and be excellent in both illustrations
and texts. The design of the interface should be interactive and the content of the interface should be manifest at a glance. There should be clear arrangements of different types of standard part galleries. In the design of galleries, the categorization and the relationships of subordination should be noticed. For example, hinge base and eccentric wheel belong to clamping devices, while locating tab and
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V-shape block belong to locating devices. Dialogue boxes are used to help users search needed components and select graphs from gallery.
? the independence of data. Data are independent
from procedure. Database, data files and internal memory variables are used. Figure 5 is the design of pressure-plate, written directly by Access. As shown in Figure 6, database can realize the independence between data and procedure, which is helpful for the development of a large fixture CAD system that can retrieve data rapidly.
? the possibility of modification. Although different
requirements are put into consideration in software design, such as enlarging, reducing, rotating pictures, concealing central lines, users may still feel unsatisfied. Therefore, the software should allow users to modify the graphs in gallery, for example to change some lines into dotted lines or erase
Figure 5. The Selection of Pressure-Plate in a Standard Part Database
Figure 6. The Data for Rotational Pressure-Plate A
extra segments. Usually graphs cannot be inserted into design as a whole block. In order not to affect the previous-drawn graphs, inserted ones are often shown in a new window.
4. Conclusion
The fixture design software of the present research is based on the secondary development of AutoCAD. Over many years’ research and application, a large number of databases, two-dimensional and three-dimensional galleries have been constructed. The goal of fast design of machine tool fixtures has been achieved. The efficiency and the quality of design have been improved. However, with the ever development in computer technology, the design of the software also needs improving to meet the needs of engineering design.
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