高三英語一輪復習 定語從句學案

《高三英語一輪復習 定語從句學案》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《高三英語一輪復習 定語從句學案（10頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網上搜索。

1、語法學案 高三英語備課組高考定語從句復習學案一）概念：在復合句中，修飾某一_或_的從句，叫定語從句1. _詞：定語從句所修飾的詞2. 引導詞：(1) 關系_詞: who, whom, whose, which, that, as(2) 關系_詞: where, when, why3. 關系詞常有3個作用：引導定語從句 代替先行詞。在定語從句中擔當一個_。4. 關系代詞作主語、賓語、表語或定語（whose），作_時可省略；關系副詞作狀語，一般不省略二）定語從句的種類 定語從句可分為兩類：_定語從句和_定語從句限制性定語從句和主句之間不用逗號分開，修飾主句中的某一個名詞或名詞詞組或代詞；非限制性定

2、語從句常用逗號和主句隔開，可以修飾主句中的某一個詞，也可修飾整個句子。非限制性定語從句不能用_引導，引導非限制性定語從句的關系詞不能省略。把下列句子翻譯成中文：His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. _ China is a country which has a long history. _ 三）定語從句的熱門考點 1. 定語從句關系詞的選用（詳見表格）；2. 只能that或which的情況；3. which和as的區(qū)別； 4. whose 用法及轉換形式； 5. 介詞+關系代詞中介詞的選用及位置(介詞短語和動詞短語

3、)；6. 定語從句中的特殊情況。四）關系代詞和關系副詞的作用 正確選擇關系詞是掌握定語從句的關鍵。關系詞的選擇完全取決于關系詞在定語從句中所充當的句子成分。關系詞一共有9個, 它們在從句中所充當的句子成分見下表。關系詞主語賓語表語定語狀語說明that人/物人/物不能用于非限制性從句which物物which作賓語很少見who人who可代替whom作賓語whom人whose人/物whenwherewhyas主要用于非限制性的定語從句和suchas, the same.as., so.as.結構中考點一：如何判斷用關系代詞還是關系副詞（提示: 引導詞用關系代詞還是用關系副詞關鍵要看他們在從句中作什么

4、成份而定）用關系詞填空1) Those _ break the rules should be punished. 2) (1992全國，27) In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to _ she could turn for help.3) Gone are the days _ we used foreign oil.4) The reason _ he was absent was that he was ill. 5) This is the reason _ he gave for his absence.6) （03北京

5、春季）We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.7) (2009安徽) 30. Many children，_ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.8) Next Sunday, _ I will spend go fishing, Im sure, will be another exciting day. 9) （05上海）If a shop has chairs _ women can park

6、their men, women will spend more time in the shop.10) （2006福建）22. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair.練習：1. Is this the museum _ we held the exhibition? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A. where B. that C. on which D. t

7、he one3.（2010天津）8. Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers _ I go. Its only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that4.（2010湖南） 28. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C.

8、 when D. which5.（2006山東）26. Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. A. where B. that C. when D. which6.（2006江西）33. Do you have anything to say for yourselves?Yes, theres one point_ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. /7. Youve told me such an attracti

9、ve place _ I am more than willing to go. A. as B. where C. that D. in which8. (2012重慶卷) 29. Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as salesA. which B. that C. when D. where考點二: 關系代詞which 和that的區(qū)別在定語從句中, 當先行詞指物時, 下列情況的關系詞宜用that而不用which:1) 先行詞被形容詞最高級；序數詞；the only, th

10、e very, the right 修飾時。This is the best film that I have seen. / This is the very person that Im waiting for. 2) 先行詞是不定代詞all, little, few, much, something, everything, nothing, anything, none, the one時，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時All that glitters is not gold. 中文意思：_Im sure th

11、eres nothing that a woman cant do. / All that can be done _ been done.3) 先行詞中既有人又有物時。Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?4) 當先行詞在主句中作表語，而關系代詞也在從句中作表語時，用that China is no longer the country that it used to be. = the country _ it used to be.5) 當主句中含有疑問詞which或who時, 為避免重復，常用tha

12、t 代替who 或which。Who that has common sense will do such a thing? / Which is the book that you like best?6) 主句以there be 開頭時There is little that I can do to make up for the lost time.7)有兩個定語從句時，其中一個關系詞已用which, 另一個宜用thatThey secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollut

13、ion. 在定語從句中，當先行詞指物時，只能用which而不能用that 的情況：1) 在介詞提前的定語從句中，關系代詞只能用which。This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live.2) which 可引導非限制性定語從句，that則不能。She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.9. His brother did _ he could to help him.A. all which B. all what C. all D. which 10. (04北春) Luckil

14、y, wed brought a map without _ we would have lost our way.A. it B. that C. this D. which11. Finally the manager adopted the best proposal _ had been put forward at the meeting. A. which B. that C. what D. as12. (05湖北卷) Her sister has become a lawyer, _ she wanted to be.（表語）A. who B. that C. what D.

15、which13.（2009全國）17. My friend showed me round the town, _ was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 14.(2013江蘇) 32 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers started as early as his childhood.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen15. (2013上海卷) 38. An ecosystem cons

16、ists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what考點三：as與which引導的定語從句共同點：二者都可以引導非限制定語從句，指代從句中的一部分或整個句子的內容。在下列情況下一般只能用as：(1) as 放在句首，而which不能。（which 引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句的后邊；as引導的非限制性定語從句既可放在主句前，又可在主句之后，有時還可插入主句中）Taiwan is part of China, as is know

17、n to us all. = As we all know, Taiwan is part of China. = Taiwan, as we all know, is part of China.16. （2009山東）24. Whenever I met her,_ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that17.（1999 上海 ）_ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools

18、is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It 18. (NMET94) The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it19. (2009遼寧) 23. Theyve won their last three matches, _ I find a bit surprising actually.A. that B. when C. what D. which20. (04北京) _ is rep

19、orted in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What(2) as 本身有“正如；就像”之意，而which 沒有；as常用于某些固定結構：as is known to all, as we had expected, as anybody can see, as often happens, as has been said before, as is mentioned above (3) 當先行詞被the same, such修飾時，定語

20、從句需用as引導， as還用于soas結構區(qū)別：the same as (指同類的東西) the same that (指同一個東西)This is the same watch _ I lost. 這和我丟失的那一只表一樣。（不是同一只）This is the same watch _ I lost. 這就是我丟失的那一只表。（同一只）Translate the following two sentences.1) 眾所周知，地球是圓的。（3 種）_ _2) 他戴著與你昨天買的同樣的手表。_21.（2008福建卷）27. _ is known to us all is that the 20

21、08 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. As D. Which22. Dont trust such people _ praise you to your face but speak ill of you behind your back. A. who B. that C. whoever D. as 考點四：whose 用法及轉換形式whose引導的定語從句，其后緊跟名詞。其先行詞不僅可指人，還可指物。 whose引導的從句可轉換為“ of +關系代詞”型，如：即whose+名詞 = the +n +

22、of which/whom =of which/whom + the + n.He lives in the room _ window faces south. = He lives in the room, the window _ _ faces south.= He lives in the room, _ _ the window faces south.23. (2009天津) 5. A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whos

23、e D. whoever24. (2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose25.（2010山東）24. Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What26.（2005年天津卷）13. Last month, part

24、of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what 考點五：“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句關系代詞一般只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）即：介詞+which/ whom1) 當介詞放在關系代詞的前面時， 關系代詞只能用which或whom, 關系代詞不能省略。如：27. He built a telescope _ he could study the skiesA. in which B. wi

25、th that C. through which D. by it28.（04全國）The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 29. (2005江蘇32) The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.A. which; where

26、 B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which30. (2008四川卷) 4. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example.A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which注意：含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面，不能提前。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。如：This

27、 is the book Im looking for. 2) 非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“ 數詞/代詞 + of which/whom”的結構，如：He has written many books, most of which are for children.31. （2006浙江）13. I was given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed. A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which32. (2007四川卷) 7. It is reported that t

28、wo schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which33.（2007安徽卷）14. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom考點六：使用定語從句時應注意的問題1

29、) 定語從句的主謂一致的問題（ 定語從句的謂語與先行詞保持一致） I, who _ (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you.Tom is one of the boys who _ (be) late. Tom is the only one of the boys who _ (be) late. The Great Wall is one of the wonders that _ (draw) lots of visitors.The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on th

30、e earth that _ (be) seen from the moon. 長城是地球上唯一一個從月球上看到的建筑物。 注意：not the only one of= one ofTom isnt the only one of the boys who _ passed the exam.2) way 和time 后接定語從句的情況the way 后的定語從句：（1996上海）I dont like the way _ you speak to her. This is the way _ really works. This is the way _ he used to solve

31、the problem.先行詞是time時，表“次數”用關系代詞that引導定語從句 (可省略)；表“一段時間”用關系副詞when 或介詞at/ during which 34. Its the fourth time you _ late this month.A. had arrived B. arrived C. have arrived D. arrive35. There was _time _women were looked upon. A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when 3) 分隔性定語從句。定語從句與先行詞被分割開來

32、定語從句一般緊接被它所修飾的先行詞；但有時候它和先行詞之間有可能插入其他成分，使它與先行詞分隔開來。 先行詞與定語從句被謂語分隔開來。此時，先行詞通常是句子的主語，因定語從句較長，主句謂語較短，為使句子平衡，常將定語從句移至謂語之后 All is well that ends well. / The days are gone _ the Chinese were looked down upon. 36.（2007福建卷）27. The village has developed a lot _we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. whic

33、h C. that D. where37.（2008山東卷）26. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A. who B. which C. why D. when38. (2012江蘇卷)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what4

34、) 在定語從句加中插入語，常見的有：I think, I suppose, I guess, I imagine等。39. He gave us another piece of advice, _ of great help to the research work. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. I think which is D. I think it is5) 定語從句中的謂語含有can, may等情態(tài)動詞時，可簡化為“介詞+which/ whom +不定式結構”The poor man has no house in w

35、hich he can live. = The poor man has no house in which _ _. The beggar has no money with which he can buy food.= The beggar has no money with which _ _food.40. The police need solid evidence _ to base their judgments. A. that B. on which C. by which D. how6) 在關系副詞where / when 前有時可以加介詞 He is standing

36、 on the top of the hill, from _ he can enjoy a wonderful view.37. He graduated from Nanjing University in 1990, _ she has been working in the company as a manager. A. when B. during which C. since then D. since when7) 與狀語從句的比較This is such an interesting/ so interesting a film _ everyone wants to see

37、 it. This is such an interesting/ so interesting a film _ everyone wants to see. The stone was so heavy _ we cant lift it. = The stone was so heavy _ we cant lift.41.（2006陜西）9. Hisplanwassuchagoodone _weallagreedtoacceptit.A. so B. and C. that D. as42. The teacher gave us such a difficult problem _

38、none of us could solve. A. that B. which C. as D. it 43. The government made such a great effect _the whole nation could celebrate the spring festival happily. A. that B. which C. as D. it 定語從句高考鏈接1. Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago.A.whom B.where C.that D.which2.The science Muse

39、um, _we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A.which B.what C.that D.where3.All the neighbors admire this family,_the parents are treating their child like a friend.A.why B.where C.which D. that4. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out

40、further,_New York is an example.A.for which B.in which C.of which D.from which5.By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _appeared a rare rainbow soon.A.of which B.on which C.from which D.above which6.The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a numbe

41、r of factors,_ are beyond our control.A.most of them B.most of which C.most of what D.most of that 7.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids .A.who B.which C.why D.when8.We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.which B.whose C.

42、in which D.with which9.Villagers here depend on the fishing industry , _ there wont be much work.A.where B.that C.by which D.without which 10.Toms restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run , is now a successful business.A.that B.which C.who D.where11.Today, well discuss a number of cases _

43、 beginners of English fail to use the language properly.A.which B.as C.why D.where12.Eric received training in computer for one year , _ he found a job in a big company.A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this13.Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, _they learn simple games and

44、 songs .A. then B.there C.while D.where14.After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.A.that B.what C.which D.where15. Last week only two people came to look at the house , _ wanted to buy it .A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom16.T

45、he time I had been looking forward to _ at last and I saw my favourite star.A.coming B.having come C.came D.come 17.The weather turned out to be fine , _ was better than we expected . A.what B.that C.which D.it18.Mrs Black took the police back to _ place _ she witnessed robbery.A.the same ; as B.the

46、 same ; where C.the same ; that D.the same ; when 19.Ancient Rome was a country _ culture influenced the western world for centuries.A.who B.which C.whose D.where20._ is often the case , he didnt study hard and failed to pass the test.A.What B.Which C.It D.As21浙江卷13The museum will open in the spring

47、 with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A. whatB. whereC. whenD. why22重慶卷 24John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.Athem Bthat Cwhich Dwhom23陜西卷16 _ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time t

48、he doctor arrived.A. It B. That C. What D. As24四川卷9 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.A. what B. which C. when D. where25山東卷35 Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. when B. where C. which D. whom26山東卷 31There is no si

49、mple answer, _ is often the case in science.A. as B. that C. when D. where27遼寧卷 34 He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team.Ain which case Bin that case Cin what case Din whose case28江西卷 33 He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. what B.

50、which C. where D. how29浙江5. The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom30湖南卷 Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whom B. whoC. what D. which31福建卷The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A. whose B. that C. who