高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 構(gòu)詞法課件 新人教版

《高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 構(gòu)詞法課件 新人教版》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 構(gòu)詞法課件 新人教版（44頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第二部分第二部分 重要語(yǔ)法重要語(yǔ)法名師名師指津指津構(gòu)詞法包括派生法、轉(zhuǎn)化法和合成法。懂得構(gòu)詞法，對(duì)構(gòu)詞法包括派生法、轉(zhuǎn)化法和合成法。懂得構(gòu)詞法，對(duì)擴(kuò)大詞匯量，掃清閱讀中的障礙都非常有益。但在語(yǔ)法填空中擴(kuò)大詞匯量，掃清閱讀中的障礙都非常有益。但在語(yǔ)法填空中方便考的只能是派生法。詞語(yǔ)派生是語(yǔ)法填空的必考點(diǎn)。這一方便考的只能是派生法。詞語(yǔ)派生是語(yǔ)法填空的必考點(diǎn)。這一考點(diǎn)涉及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析、充當(dāng)各種成分的典型詞類、構(gòu)詞法特考點(diǎn)涉及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析、充當(dāng)各種成分的典型詞類、構(gòu)詞法特別是派生法等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，是綜合性較強(qiáng)的一道題。別是派生法等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，是綜合性較強(qiáng)的一道題。構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法u請(qǐng)做下列高考真題。請(qǐng)做下

2、列高考真題。 1. (2013) That would be a very _(reason) thing to do in a big city.思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：reasonable 在名詞前作定語(yǔ)要用形容詞。在名詞前作定語(yǔ)要用形容詞。真題再練真題再練2. (2013) But such a small thing couldnt _ (possible) destroy a village.思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：possibly 修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞destroy作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。注意：以作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。注意：以-ble接尾的形接尾的形容詞，其副詞形式通常是將容詞，其副詞形式通常是將b

3、le改為改為bly。 3. (2012) For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her 思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：pleased 在系動(dòng)詞在系動(dòng)詞felt后作表語(yǔ)，用形容詞，表示后作表語(yǔ)，用形容詞，表示“高興的高興的”。 4. (2011) He must be _(mental) disabled.思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：mentally 修飾分詞形容

4、詞作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。修飾分詞形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。 5. (2010) His teacher took a deep drink，smiled _ (warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：warmly 修飾動(dòng)詞修飾動(dòng)詞smiled作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。6. (2009) But Jane knew from past experience that her _ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥

5、：choice 在形容詞性物主代詞在形容詞性物主代詞后一定是用名詞形式。后一定是用名詞形式。7. (2008) This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：natural 在名詞在名詞course前作定前作定語(yǔ)，用形容詞。語(yǔ)，用形容詞。8. (2007) We drank together and talked _ (merry) till far into the night.思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：merrily 修飾動(dòng)詞修飾動(dòng)詞talked作狀作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。語(yǔ)，用

6、副詞。年份年份答案答案具體考點(diǎn)具體考點(diǎn)題數(shù)題數(shù)2013reasonablen.adj.2possiblyadj.adv.2012pleasedvt.adj.12011mentallyadj.adv.12010warmlyadj.adv.12009choicevt.n.12008naturaln.adj.12007merrilyadj.adv.1考情分析考情分析從上表可看出，每年必考從上表可看出，每年必考1題，其中題，其中2013年考了年考了2題，共涉題，共涉及四種情況：及四種情況：(1) adj.adv. 有有4個(gè)小題。個(gè)小題。(2) n.adj. 有有2個(gè)小題。個(gè)小題。(3) vt.n. 有

7、有1個(gè)小題。個(gè)小題。(4) vt.adj. 有有1個(gè)小題。個(gè)小題。解答這類題，首先要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，看空格處要填的詞解答這類題，首先要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，看空格處要填的詞在句子充當(dāng)什么成分；然后回顧思考充當(dāng)這一成分需要哪類詞，在句子充當(dāng)什么成分；然后回顧思考充當(dāng)這一成分需要哪類詞，再看括號(hào)中所給詞是什么詞類，應(yīng)如何將其轉(zhuǎn)換成所需詞類再看括號(hào)中所給詞是什么詞類，應(yīng)如何將其轉(zhuǎn)換成所需詞類.關(guān)于充當(dāng)句中各成分的最典型的詞類，請(qǐng)記住以下三條：關(guān)于充當(dāng)句中各成分的最典型的詞類，請(qǐng)記住以下三條：1.作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)要用名詞，如上述第作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)要用名詞，如上述第6題。題。2.作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一般用形容詞，如上述第

8、作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一般用形容詞，如上述第1、3、7題。題。解題技巧解題技巧3.修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或另一副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞，如上修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或另一副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞，如上述第述第2、4、5、8題。題。注意：注意：(1)有時(shí)不但要注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，而且還要考慮用表示相反有時(shí)不但要注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，而且還要考慮用表示相反意義的前綴或后綴，其邏輯意義才通順。如：意義的前綴或后綴，其邏輯意義才通順。如：He failed his maths examination because of his_ (care) work.解析：解析：在形容詞性物主代詞與名詞之間必定是填形容詞在形容詞性物主代詞與名詞之間必

9、定是填形容詞作定語(yǔ)，如填作定語(yǔ)，如填careful(細(xì)心的細(xì)心的)，句子的邏輯意義不通，要填，句子的邏輯意義不通，要填careless(粗心的粗心的)才通順。才通順。(2)當(dāng)所給詞的詞性與空格處所需詞的詞性相同時(shí)，無(wú)需當(dāng)所給詞的詞性與空格處所需詞的詞性相同時(shí)，無(wú)需改變?cè)~性，就可能是只改變?cè)~義但不改變?cè)~性的前綴或后綴了。改變?cè)~性，就可能是只改變?cè)~義但不改變?cè)~性的前綴或后綴了。如：如：In Alaska, the wolf almost_ (appear) a few years ago because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport

10、.解析：解析：主句中沒(méi)有其他謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主句中沒(méi)有其他謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，appear應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由后面從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)由后面從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 若填若填appeared, 與后面的原因狀語(yǔ)從句意義相矛盾，應(yīng)填與后面的原因狀語(yǔ)從句意義相矛盾，應(yīng)填disappeared，才通順。才通順。一、形容詞一、形容詞副詞副詞二、動(dòng)詞二、動(dòng)詞/名詞變形容詞的常見(jiàn)后綴名詞變形容詞的常見(jiàn)后綴三、動(dòng)詞變?yōu)槊~的后綴三、動(dòng)詞變?yōu)槊~的后綴四、形容詞變名詞的后綴四、形容詞變名詞的后綴五、表示五、表示“人人”的后綴的后綴六、表示否定或相反意義的前綴和后綴六、表示否定或相反

11、意義的前綴和后綴七、變動(dòng)詞的前綴和后綴七、變動(dòng)詞的前綴和后綴八、其他前綴的意義八、其他前綴的意義九、合成法九、合成法十、轉(zhuǎn)換法十、轉(zhuǎn)換法考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)歸納見(jiàn)學(xué)生用書(shū)見(jiàn)學(xué)生用書(shū)P185187u一、單句填空一、單句填空 用括號(hào)中所給詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。用括號(hào)中所給詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。 1. (2014佛山一模佛山一模)After they _(continue) improved it upon earlier designs, the brothers successfully received a patent(專利專利) in 1906. continuously 修飾動(dòng)詞修飾動(dòng)詞improv

12、ed作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 2. (2014廣州調(diào)研廣州調(diào)研)These poems were well received_ (local) and in 1786 they were published in the volume, Poems, Chiefly locally 副詞作狀語(yǔ)，意為副詞作狀語(yǔ)，意為“在當(dāng)?shù)卦诋?dāng)?shù)亍薄?3. (2014廣州一模廣州一模)I couldnt imagine what it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the_ (power) effec

13、t the hurricane had on those people.powerful 形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾effect。 4. (2014惠州三模惠州三模)Delighted, the country mouse accepted the _ (invite) and came to the city mouses house.invitation 名詞作名詞作accept的賓語(yǔ)。的賓語(yǔ)。 5. (2014惠州三?；葜萑?Even if I eat nothing but beans, I can live_ (peace). peacefully 副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞副詞作

14、狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞live。 6. (2014茂名一模茂名一模)However, the worst _ (impress) is that I was feeling hungry all the time.impression 作主語(yǔ)或說(shuō)者在作主語(yǔ)或說(shuō)者在“冠詞冠詞+形容詞形容詞”之后，一定是填之后，一定是填名詞。名詞。 7. (2014茂名二模茂名二模)I took that beautiful moment and stored it_ (safe) in my soul where I knew it would remain forever.safely 修飾動(dòng)詞修飾動(dòng)詞stored，

15、故用副詞。，故用副詞。 8. (2014梅州一模梅州一模)In the eyes of these foreigners, Chinglish is the_ (wonder) result of an English dictionary mixing with Chinese grammar. wonderful 修飾其后名詞修飾其后名詞result，應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞，應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞wonderful，作定語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)。 9. (2014韶關(guān)一模韶關(guān)一模)And if you have a good _ (appear) and also original or expensive cloth

16、es to show off at your concerts appearance 名詞作名詞作have的賓語(yǔ)，用名詞。的賓語(yǔ)，用名詞。 10. (2014深圳一模深圳一模)Bob went, returned and said _ (gentle), “Boss, only one person is selling watermelon”gently 修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said要用副詞。要用副詞。 11. (2014肇慶期末肇慶期末)For another, it is a useful way to release their_ (press). pressure 作作relea

17、se的賓語(yǔ)用名詞，或在形容詞性物主代詞后沒(méi)的賓語(yǔ)用名詞，或在形容詞性物主代詞后沒(méi)有名詞時(shí)一定要填名詞。有名詞時(shí)一定要填名詞。 12. (2014肇慶期末肇慶期末)Therefore as high school students of the Information Age, we need to learn to make use of this_ (mean) tool to communicate and display ourselves.meaningful 形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾后面的形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾后面的tool。 13. (2014佛山一模佛山一模)They fly faster,

18、are much larger, and have television sets built in for passengers_ (enjoy). enjoyment 所有格后面用名詞形式，或者說(shuō)作介詞所有格后面用名詞形式，或者說(shuō)作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)要的賓語(yǔ)要用名詞。用名詞。 14.(2013廣州一模廣州一模)With the_ (arrive) of spring, the Dorritys took the children for an outing.arrival 定冠詞后面是名詞，定冠詞后面是名詞，arrive的名詞是的名詞是arrival而不是而不是arriving。 15. I

19、 was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. _ (fortunate), I was held up by the heavy traffic jam. 16. Therefore, when they become older they are _ (able) to do any other kind of work. 17. Very early the next morning, amazingly, we got completely satisfied in a totally_ (expect) way.Unfortunatel

20、yunableunexpected 18. I wont do the purchase because the price of this dress is_ (reason). 19. Job_ (apply) need to show their ability to be both organized and flexible in taking on many tasks at the same time. 20. All facts are the source of_ (conclude). 21. However, most _ (science) agree that EQ

21、has a lot to do with_ (educate).unreasonableapplicantsconclusionsscientistseducation 22. Excellent oral and written _ (communicate) skills in Chinese and English are of _ (important). 23. Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily _ (require). 24. It is your_ (free) to do what you wan

22、t after class. 25. As is known to us all, the Entrance Exam is a great _ , and the students are _. (compete)communicationimportancerequirementfreedomcompetitioncompetitors 26. I am_ (grate) to you for your help. 27. He gave me some_ (construct) suggestions. 2 8 . A j u r y s d e c i s i o n i n a c

23、o u r t c a s e m u s t b e absolutely_ (object). 29. He devoted much money to building schools in _(mountain) areas. 30. Unfortunately, my car broke down on a _ (mud) road.gratefulconstructive objectivemountainousmuddy 31. Everyone should play his part in building a _ (harmony) society. 32. The _ (

24、mystery) letter sent from Taiwan made the professor lost in thought. 33. To make myself_ , I would do some exercise after work _.(relax) 34. All the children felt _when they heard the news _.(discourage)harmoniousmysteriousrelaxedrelaxingdiscouraged discouraging 35. We _ (apology) for the late depar

25、ture of this flight. 36. The article can _(long) out a little by adding some examples. 37. His illness _ (worse) during the night. 38. Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it _ (intention). 39. The black people were against slavery and fought for their freedom _ (brave).apologizedlengt

26、henworsenedintentionally bravely 40. Our products are sold _ (world). 41. He went out of the office_ (hurry) to run after her. 42. I lost my balance and fell _(back). 43. They live in the _ (west) part of the village. 44. Its very important to eat _ (health). worldwidehurriedly backwardwesternhealth

27、ily u二、語(yǔ)篇填空二、語(yǔ)篇填空 閱讀下列短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性，用括閱讀下列短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性，用括號(hào)中所給詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。號(hào)中所給詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his 1._(month) bills when his young son rushed in and announced, “Dad, because this is your birthday and youre 55 years old, Im going to give you 55 kisses

28、, one for each year!” But the father exclaimed, “Oh, Andrew, dont do it now; Im too busy!”monthlyThe youngster immediately fell 2. _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. 3. _ (apologetical) the father said, “You can finish later.”The boy said nothing but 4. _ (quiet) walked away,5. _

29、 (disappoint) written over his face. That evening the father said, “Come and finish the kisses now, Andrew!” But the boy didnt respond.silentApologeticallyquietlydisappointment6. _(fortunate), the boy had an accident and was drowned. His heartbroken father wrote“If only I could tell him how much I r

30、egret my 7. _(thought) words, and could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching.”Unfortunately thoughtlessLove is a two-way street. Any loving act must be 8. _ (warm) accepted or it will be taken as 9. _(reject) and can leave a scar. Nothing is more 10. _(importance) than responding wit

31、h love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us. Because there may be no chance at all as in the case of the little boy warmlyrejectionimportant 一個(gè)小孩在父親一個(gè)小孩在父親55歲生日時(shí)想給父親歲生日時(shí)想給父親55個(gè)吻，但這位父親個(gè)吻，但這位父親因太忙叫兒子等以后有空再吻，幾天后這個(gè)小男孩不幸溺水身亡因太忙叫兒子等以后有空再吻，幾天后這個(gè)小男孩不幸溺水身亡, 父親傷心欲絕。故事告誡我們，對(duì)于那些在我們身邊，對(duì)

32、我們彌父親傷心欲絕。故事告誡我們，對(duì)于那些在我們身邊，對(duì)我們彌足珍貴的人，用愛(ài)去回應(yīng)他們愛(ài)的渴望，這最重要不過(guò)了。足珍貴的人，用愛(ài)去回應(yīng)他們愛(ài)的渴望，這最重要不過(guò)了。1. monthly 在名詞前作定語(yǔ)用形容詞，表示在名詞前作定語(yǔ)用形容詞，表示“每月的每月的”填填monthly。2. silent 在系動(dòng)詞在系動(dòng)詞felt后作表語(yǔ)用形容詞。后作表語(yǔ)用形容詞。3. Apologetically。 修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。4. quietly。 修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。5. disappointment。 后面有過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)是名后面有過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)是名詞。詞。6. Unfortunately。 修飾全句作狀語(yǔ)用副詞，溺水身亡是修飾全句作狀語(yǔ)用副詞，溺水身亡是“不幸不幸”。7. thoughtless。 在名詞前作定語(yǔ)用形容詞，根據(jù)文意，加表示在名詞前作定語(yǔ)用形容詞，根據(jù)文意，加表示否定意義的后綴否定意義的后綴less。8. warmly。 修飾謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。修飾謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。9. rejection。 在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)用名詞。在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)用名詞。10. important。 在系動(dòng)詞在系動(dòng)詞is后作表語(yǔ)用形容詞后作表語(yǔ)用形容詞.