《追風箏的人》中成長和救贖的 主題研究

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1、THE STUDY OF GROWTH AND REDEMPTION IN THE KITE RUNNERA THESISSUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES(ENGLISH MAJOR)YUNNAN MINZU UNIVERSITYIN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTSFOR THE DEGREE OFBACHELOR OF ARTSBYLIU FENG CLASS OF 2017STUDENT CODE: 201308401317SUPERVISED BYDING XUEAPRIL 28 ,

2、2017云南民族大學畢業(yè)論文(設計)原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的畢業(yè)論文(設計)，是本人在指導教師的指導下進行研究工作所取得的成果。除論文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文沒有抄襲、剽竊他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表的研究成果。本聲明的法律結(jié)果由本人承擔。 畢業(yè)論文(設計)作者簽名： 日 期： 年 月 日關于畢業(yè)論文(設計)使用授權(quán)的說明本人完全了解云南民族大學有關保留、使用畢業(yè)論文(設計)的規(guī)定，即：學校有權(quán)保留、送交論文的復印件，允許論文被查閱，學?？梢怨颊撐?設計)的全部或部分內(nèi)容，可以采用影印或其他復制手段保存論文(設計)。（保密論文在解密后應遵守）指導教師簽名： 論文(設計)作者簽名： 日期： 年

3、月 日iiAcknowledgmentsI would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. The first person I want to thank is my supervisor, Ding Xue, who supports me and provides me with many important information through my thesis writing. More importantly, supervisor

4、spent much time reading through read graft and gave me a lot of advice on my thesis. Without her guidance at every stage of writing, it is impossible to complete my thesis. Then I will express my gratitude to other teachers and classmates who helped me with the writing. They helped me to collect inf

5、ormation and give me advice. Sometimes we work together to find new ideas. Finally, I will sincerely thank my father, mother and my sister. When I am confused they give me full support and encouragement.Abstract “The Kite Runner” is the first American novel written by Afghan-born writer Khaled Husse

6、ini in 2003. His novels have received high praise from the public. This thesis analyzes The Kite Runner from the aspects of growth and redemption. 12-year-old rich young master Amir and the servant Hassan take part in the kite tournament. In order to retrieve the kite which is won by Amir in the tou

7、rnament, Hassan is attacked and raped by Assef. The cowardly Amir witnesses everything but chooses to keep silent. Furthermore, in order to cover up the inner guilt and uneasiness, Amir devised a tactic to drive away Hassan and his father. Later, for the political unrest in Afghanistan, Amir and his

8、 father flee to the United States. 26 years later, a call from Rahim Khan let Amir face the past and save himself. When Amir returns to Afghanistan, Hassan has been dead for a long time. Amir saved Hassans son Sohrab, and he brings Sohrab to America to live. Amir finishes his own redemption journey.

9、 This thesis is divided into five parts. The first chapter introduces the main content, the author, the literature review and the research significance of The Kite Runner. The second chapter introduces the guides and companions in the process of Amirs growth. The third chapter introduces the redempt

10、ion journey of Amir. The fourth chapter introduces the writing skills used in The Kite Runner, and the last chapter is the summary of the full thesis.Key words: The Kite Runner; growth; redemptionv摘 要追風箏的人是美籍阿富汗作家卡勒德胡塞尼在2003年發(fā)表的第一部小說，該部小說自問世以來就獲得了很高的贊譽，深受文學界好評。本論文將從成長和救贖的角度來分析追風箏的人的主題。十二歲的富家少爺阿米爾和仆人

11、哈桑一起參加風箏比賽。哈桑為了撿回阿米爾在比賽中贏得的風箏，被阿塞夫毒打和強暴。懦弱的阿米爾設計趕走了哈桑和他的父親。后來阿富汗的政治動蕩不安，阿米爾隨父親逃到美國。20多年后，拉辛汗打來的電話讓阿米爾重新面對過去，并救贖自己。阿米爾重返阿富汗，此時哈桑已死，他救下哈桑的遺孤索拉博，并將他帶去美國生活，完成了自己的救贖之旅。本文分為五個部分，第一章介紹了追風箏的人的主要內(nèi)容，作者，文獻綜述以及研究意義；第二章介紹了阿米爾在成長過程中遇到的指導者和同伴；第三章介紹了阿米爾的救贖旅程；第四章介紹了追風箏的人中運用的第一人稱的寫作技巧，最后一章是全文總結(jié)。關鍵詞：成長；救贖；追風箏的人Content

12、s云南民族大學畢業(yè)論文（設計）原創(chuàng)性聲明AcknowledgmentsAbstract摘要1. Introduction1 1.1 Khaled Hosseini as the Author1 1.2 Literature Review on The Kite Runner1 1.3 The Brief Content of The Kite Runner2 1.4 The Significance of the study22. The Guides and Companions in Amirs Growth4 2.1 Positive Spiritual Guides4 2.1.1 Ra

13、him Khan: a Father, Friend and Guide4 2.1.2 Baba: A Kind, Upright but Contradictory Man4 2.2 Negative Initiation Guides5 2.2.1 Assef: Aggressive and Cruel Racist5 2.2.2 Pushtun Nation: Deep-rooted Racial Discrimination6 2.3 Initiation Companions6 2.3.1 Hassan: A Companion in Amis Childhood7 2.3.2 So

14、raya: A Companion in Amirs Adulthood73. Redemption as a Spritual Journey9 3.1 The Darkness within Amirs Mind9 3.1.1 Selfishness9 3.1.2 Betrayal10 3. 2 The Redemption10 3.2.1 Redemption for His Father11 3.2.2 Redemption for Himself114. Writing Skills in The Kite Runner13 4.1 Open-ending13 4.2 First-p

15、erson Narration13 4.3 Symbolism145. Conclusion15References171. Introduction1.1 Khaled Hosseini as the AuthorKhaled Hosseini was born on March 4, 1965 in Kabul, Afghanistan, followed by his father moved to the United States. He has many famous works such as The Kite Runner, A Thousand Splendid Suns,

16、and the mountains Echoed. Works sold over 40 million worldwide. Husseini graduated from the University of California, San Diego Department of Medicine, now lives in California. Needy families make Hosseini decided to study medicine to support their families. He thinks becoming a doctor is an ideal j

17、ob for him. After writing, his patient will talk about the story in book when he makes an appointment with him. So he decided to give up the medical profession, to concentrate on writing. Many people become loyal fans of The Kite Runner after it issued in 2003. Until now, the book was published in 4

18、8 countries and became an international bestseller. His second novel, A Thousand Splendid Suns, which was published on May 22, 2007, also gained a lot of praises from the literatus.1.2 Literature Review on The Kite RunnerSince the publication, The Kite Runner took two years to reach the top of the b

19、ook sales list. After introduced China, The Kite Runner also continued in the list of the top bestseller. As a result of the short period of time after publishing few studies have been done on it.“To Be Good” (again): The Kite Runner as Allegory of Global Ethics” is the only research article written

20、 by Dr. David Jefferess (2009) in Journal of Postcolonial Writing. The author used Mamdanis analysis of the distinguished between the “good Muslin” and “bad Muslin” He argues that The Kite Runner reflects a shift from the supremacy of race and nation as primary markers of political community and ide

21、ntify to the “modern” as the framework for determining the “human”Domestic studies about the novel focus on the aspects such as love, growth, betrayal, redemption, symbolism. Zhang Guolong and Chen Huis study as an example, Betrayal, Redemption, and other Things in the Progress of Growth-Profound De

22、piction of Growth in The Kite Runner (2007). This study explores the temperature and thickness of human nature, and it illustrates the love and evil of human nature. Some scholars put the focus of the study on the symbolic meaning of the kite. To Jiang Xiaoqing “a Symbol for Initiation and Reconcili

23、ation” as the representative. In her study, she described in detail the symbolic meaning of the kite image in The Kite Runner.1.3 The Brief Content of The Kite RunnerThe story took place in Afghanistan, 12-year-old master Amir and his servant Hassan were good friends. However, after a kite tournamen

24、t, they won the championship, in order to retrieve the kite which was won by Amir in the tournament, Hassan was attacked and raped by Assef. The cowardly Amir witnessed everything but chose to kept silent. After that, Amir and Hassan rarely played together. As Amir felt guilty to Hassan, he wanted t

25、o drive Hassan and Hassans father Ali away. So Amir bought a new watch into the house of Hassan. Later, when Hassan was asked whether he had stolen Amirs watch, Hassan admitted. Amir thought Baba would be so furious to that he would let Hassan and Ali go, but Baba forgave Hassan. Then Ali asked to l

26、eave. As Ali was adopted by Amirs grandfather, and Amirs grandfather also regarded Ali as his own. Baba and Ali were like brothers. So Baba did not agree them to leave, but in the end Ali and Hassan still left. Soon after, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Amir and Baba fled to the United States.

27、Babas friend Rahim Khan did not want to leave the homeland, so he decided to help Baba take care of the house. Adult Amir can never, ever forgive himself to Hassans betrayal. In order to make up for childhood mistakes, Amir returned to his hometown after 26 years. But he knew a shocking lie from the

28、 sick Rahim Khans mouth, Hassan was the son of Amirs father and the other woman, that is, childhood partner was actually Amirs brother, the child who was purchased from orphanage by Assef was Amirs nephew. Childhood nightmare repeated itself, he eventually gone through hardships, he rescued his neph

29、ew and took him back home to the USA.1.4 The Significance of the studyThe Kite Runner is a typical novel of growth and redemption. This thesis hopes by analyzing the protagonist Amirs growth process to encourage those people, who were shackled by the “kite”, to face fault bravely, take the responsib

30、ility after making mistakes, and try to make up for the mistakes. Whether it is self-redemption or redemption, he or she can realize the true spirit of redemption. By the deep analysis of growth and redemption in The Kite Runner, I hope to fully illustrate that the human nature can be changed by env

31、ironment, and can be redeemed.142. The Guides and Companions in Amirs Growth2.1 Positive Spiritual GuidesIn the initiation story, the positive and active initiation guides. As the positive initiation guides will influence the protagonist. They form positive images in the novel, and they will educate

32、 or inspire the protagonist in the protagonists growth process. According to Rui Yuping (2004), the positive initiation guides generally have the following characteristics: first, the positive initiation guides can have a good communication with young person; second, the positive initiation guides a

33、re willing to help others and full of compassion; third, the positive initiation guides are special. Those young people always be unconsciously attracted and become good friends with them.2.1.1 Rahim Khan: a Father, Friend and GuideRahim Khan not only has business contacts with Baba, but also is a g

34、ood friend of Baba. He plays a key role like a mother in The Kite Runner. Amir lacks maternal tenderness, patience and carefulness. And Racine Khan more or less makes up a little. Sometimes Baba is cold to Amir, Racine Khan will give Amir warm and encouragement. After Amir writes a story, the people

35、 whom thinks of him first to read is Baba and he excitedly shows to Baba, Baba only nod and give him a shallow smile, which imply little interest. He does not offer to read. Rahim Khan who save Amir at the uneasy moment. He patiently read Amir wrote the story, give him advice, send him to encourage

36、him to write his notebook. “Then he pauses and adds a single word that do more to encourage me to pursue writing than any compliment any editor has ever paid me. That word was Bravo” (Khaled Hosseini, 2007: 35). This small piece of thesis in some time encouraged Amir, but also paved the way of writi

37、ng to Amir. When Baba denied Amirs efforts, it was Racine Khans persistence to let Amir go on the way of writing. After fleeing to the United States, Amir became the writer of the bestseller through his own efforts! 26 years later, it is also Rahim Khan who encouraged Amir to come back and redeem hi

38、mself.As a positive guide, the importance of it is to guide the protagonist to the right direction and help him solve the problems encountered in the growth process. 2.1.2 Baba: A Kind, Upright but Contradictory ManBaba is a compassionate person. He works the drawing of the orphanage and builds the

39、orphanage by himself. Although he does not come into contact with architecture, but he builds the grand blueprint and successfully completed. Amir is extremely proud of Baba. Baba is righteous and admirable, his benevolent disposition often made him to help those who are in trouble, and those who ar

40、e helped are very grateful to him. On the way Baba and Amir fleeing to the United States, Baba see a woman being insulted by a Russian soldier, who risk his life and save the woman. Babas bravery and integrity affect Amir deeply. This event inspires Amir to save Sohrab from Assef.Every man has his f

41、ault. Although Baba gives Amir great guidance in some aspects, he also has his own evil. Rahim Khan told Amir that Baba and Hassans mother have an ambiguous relationship. Hassan is not the son of the servant Ali, but Amirs half-brother. Baba betrayed intimate friend, and lost social morality. Dad li

42、ved in pain and guilt. He thinks he is like a thief. Baba not only steals the right to fairness, but also steals the right of Ali and Hassan to know the truth. He has been trying to make up for his own evil. For example, he treats Hassan as well as, and he treats Ali like his family. Babas good char

43、acter has a positive impact on the growth of Amir, such as integrity, kindness and so on. At the same time, Baba does not give up the atonement, which also encourage Amir to face the past bravely, to make up for their own mistakes.2.2 Negative Initiation GuidesIn the protagonists growth process, the

44、 impact of the protagonists growth is not only positive guides, but also negative guides. 2.2.1 Assef: Aggressive and Cruel RacistIn The Kite Runner, Assef plays a negative role. When Assef is a child he often bullies others, even if those people are older than him. The children are forced to yield

45、to him even with him to bully others. His stainless steel bronze knuckles as his weapon are terrible. His words are law. If the child disobeys him, Assef will beat them until they throw in and yield. His violence is like an adult. As a Taliban member, he executes the man and woman by stoning for adu

46、ltery, which is cruel and bloody. Assef hates all the Hazara, and he thinks they are dirty. He is also hostile to the people who take the Hazaras in, including Baba and Amir. When he joins the Taliban and becomes their members, Assef, like Hitler, liked the massacre of Hazara. In the novel, Assef pl

47、ays an important role in Amir to Hassans behavior. Assef raped Hassan, cowardly Amir did not dare to save Hassan. Later Amir and Hasan had a gap. Assef causes Amir to make the wrong choice, and Amir live in pain and guilt for many years later due to the choice. 26 years later, Amir chose to bravely

48、face his sin. he bravely rescues Sohrab from the hands of Assef, which is also to save himself.2.2.2 Pushtun Nation: Deep-rooted Racial DiscriminationAfter reading the Kite Runner, we can find that every social class will exclude and discriminate against the Hazara people. This is a deep-rooted raci

49、al discrimination. Amir will inevitably be affected due to living in such a social environment. When Amir was a child, he tried to understand the Hazara people. But he looked for many textbooks and did not find any knowledge about Hazara.In this book, Alis right leg is distorted and shrunk, so his w

50、alking posture is weird and gimpy. The children often make fun of him, and they even imitate his walking posture. Ali is an orphan, adopted by Amirs grandfather. He has been with Baba growing up, just like Hassan accompanying Amir. Their relationship is like a family. When Baba and Amir flee to the

51、United States, Baba can sacrifice his life to save a unknown lady, but he does not dare to admit Hassan is his own son. The public exclusion of the Hazara people is always reflected.As a result of racial discrimination, Amir subconsciously did not regard Hassan as his good friend. When they have a v

52、isitor, he never plays with Hassan. And sometimes Amir will bully Hassan, although Hassan does not care about this. “Because history isnt easy to overcome. Neither is religion. In the end, I was a Pashtun and he was a Hazara, I was Sunni and he was Shia, and nothing was ever going to change that Not

53、hing” (Khaled Hosseini, 2007: 27). From here we can see that the racial dispute and discrimination are deep-rooted, which is a nations tragedy.At the end of the novel, Amir saves Hassans son-Sohrab, and takes him to America. He treats Sohrab like his loved ones. It shows that he has a new recognitio

54、n about race and achieves a real growth from heart.2.3 Initiation CompanionsIn The Kite Runner, Hassan and Soraya, who accompanied Amir in different periods. They played vital roles in the growth of Amir.2.3.1 Hassan: A Companion in Amirs ChildhoodHassan is a brave boy, while courage is what young A

55、mir lacks. When the neighborhood boys push down Amir, or rob his toys, Amir dare not resist. Hassan always bravely takes the toys back and fight with them for Amir. Hassan is never afraid of others bullying, he can go to fight for Amir Hassan is very loyal to his master-Amir and never betrays. The f

56、irst word that Hassan speaks is Amir. Whatever Amir asks Hassan to do, Hassan never refuses. When he was framed when he stole watch, he knew that everything was planned by Amir, but he did not say it. In the kite competition, Hassan goes to chase the blue kite. He knows the importance of this kite t

57、o Amir. Despite Arthurs fight and rape, he also clenched the kite. After the outbreak of war, Hassan died in the hands of the Taliban in order to guard Amirs house. Hassan achieves his commitment to Amir in one life “for you, a thousand time over”.Hassan had a poor life experience, but he was very k

58、ind and generous. When he was born, his mother looked at him and refused to hold him. After five days, she followed a group of wandering singers to run. Before she leaving, she only casts one glance at Hassan. Because Hassans mother is dissolute and indecent, Hassan is often teased. But Hassan never

59、 fights with others for these words.Hassan helps Amir to find out his weakness in his character like a mirror. Courage, loyalty, forgiveness and kindness are the things Amir learns in his initiation process from Hassan.2.3.2 Soraya: A Companion in Amirs AdulthoodAfter Baba and Amir fled to the Unite

60、d States, Amir gradually adapted to the life of the United States, and he met his true-lover Soraya. Soraya fall profoundly in love with Amir after one quick glance, Unfortunately, Baba had cancer. Before Baba died, Amir married Soraya. Soraya was Amirs wife. She is a kind and loving woman. When she

61、 is in fourth grade, she teaches her maidservant to read and write so that she could write letters to her relatives by herself. When the servant can do it, she feels very proud. Because of these things she became more determined to be a teacher. This makes Amir felt a shame, because he uses his lite

62、racy to tease Hassan. He even has the opinion that there is no use for a servant to the written word.Soraya is a gentle and kind woman. She also has painful past experiences to tell Amir. She and an Afghan man eloped at her eighteen years old. Four months later, she was brought home by her father. T

63、he family also moved to another city to avoid the gossip. At this time she has lost chastity, which is very cherished in Afghanistan. So she is no longer precious like a virgin. But she never lied with Amir. Before marrying with Amir, she confessed to Amir. Amir was not so angry, but envied her cour

64、age. But Amir still cannot tell her story.Soraya supports Amir back to Afghanistan to save Sohrab in spirit and action. She is a good wife. After rescuing Sohrab, Amir told Soraya the truth. Soraya let Amir bring Sohrab back to the United States for life, because Sohrab is their family member. Soraya treats Sohrab like her own child, she is also a good mom.Sorayas virtues and support influenced Amir, promoted Amir to complete his salvation. 3. Redemption as a Spiritual Journey Nobody is per