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1、2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練熱點(diǎn)58黑子與日冕等太陽活動(dòng)一、閱讀理解1Thetemperatureofthesunisover5,000degreesFahrenheitatthesurface,butitrisestoperhapsmorethan16milliondegreesatthecenter.Thesunissomuchhotterthantheearththatmattercanexistonlyasagas,exceptatthecore（核心）.Inthecoreofthesun,thepressuresaresogreatagainstthegasesthat,des
2、pitethehightemperature,theremaybeasmallsolidcore.However,noonereallyknows,sincethecenterofthesuncanneverbedirectlyobserved.Solarastronomersdoknowthatthesunisdividedintofivelayersorzones.Startingattheoutsideandgoingdownintothesun,thezonesarethecorona,chromosphere,photosphere,convectionzoneandfinallyt
3、hecore.Thefirstthreezonesareregardedasthesunsatmosphere.Butsincethesunhasnosolidsurface,itishardtotellwheretheatmosphereendsandthemainbodyofthesunbegins.Thesunsoutermostlayerbeginsabout10,000milesabovethevisiblesurfaceandgoesoutwardformillionsofmiles.Thisistheonlypartofthesunthatcanbeseenduringanecl
4、ipse（日食）suchastheoneinFebruary1979.Atanyothertime,thecoronacanbeseenonlywhenspecialinstrumentsareusedoncamerasandtelescopestoshutouttheglare（刺眼的強(qiáng)光）ofthesunsrays.Thecoronaisabrilliant,pearlywhite,filmylight,aboutasbrightasthefullmoon.Itsbeautifulraysareasensationalsightduringaneclipse.Thecoronasraysf
5、lashoutinabrilliantfanthathaswispyspikelike（一束束穗狀）raysnearthesunsnorthandsouthpoles.Thecoronaisthickestatthesunsequator.Thecoronaraysaremadeupofgasesstreamingoutwardattremendousspeedsandreachingatemperatureofmorethan2milliondegreesFahrenheit.Theraysofgasthinoutastheyreachthespacearoundtheplanets.Byt
6、hetimethesunscoronaraysreachtheearth,theyareweakandinvisible.1. Matteronthesuncanexistonlyintheformofgasbecauseofthesuns.A. sizeB.ageC.locationD.temperature2. Withwhattopicisthesecondparagraphmainlyconcerned?A. Howthesunevolved.B. Thestructureofthesun.2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練熱點(diǎn)58黑子與日冕等太陽活動(dòng)一、閱讀理解1Thetempera
7、tureofthesunisover5,000degreesFahrenheitatthesurface,butitrisestoperhapsmorethan16milliondegreesatthecenter.Thesunissomuchhotterthantheearththatmattercanexistonlyasagas,exceptatthecore（核心）.Inthecoreofthesun,thepressuresaresogreatagainstthegasesthat,despitethehightemperature,theremaybeasmallsolidcore
8、.However,noonereallyknows,sincethecenterofthesuncanneverbedirectlyobserved.Solarastronomersdoknowthatthesunisdividedintofivelayersorzones.Startingattheoutsideandgoingdownintothesun,thezonesarethecorona,chromosphere,photosphere,convectionzoneandfinallythecore.Thefirstthreezonesareregardedasthesunsatm
9、osphere.Butsincethesunhasnosolidsurface,itishardtotellwheretheatmosphereendsandthemainbodyofthesunbegins.Thesunsoutermostlayerbeginsabout10,000milesabovethevisiblesurfaceandgoesoutwardformillionsofmiles.Thisistheonlypartofthesunthatcanbeseenduringaneclipse（日食）suchastheoneinFebruary1979.Atanyothertim
10、e,thecoronacanbeseenonlywhenspecialinstrumentsareusedoncamerasandtelescopestoshutouttheglare（刺眼的強(qiáng)光）ofthesunsrays.Thecoronaisabrilliant,pearlywhite,filmylight,aboutasbrightasthefullmoon.Itsbeautifulraysareasensationalsightduringaneclipse.Thecoronasraysflashoutinabrilliantfanthathaswispyspikelike（一束束穗
11、狀）raysnearthesunsnorthandsouthpoles.Thecoronaisthickestatthesunsequator.Thecoronaraysaremadeupofgasesstreamingoutwardattremendousspeedsandreachingatemperatureofmorethan2milliondegreesFahrenheit.Theraysofgasthinoutastheyreachthespacearoundtheplanets.Bythetimethesunscoronaraysreachtheearth,theyareweak
12、andinvisible.1. Matteronthesuncanexistonlyintheformofgasbecauseofthesuns.A. sizeB.agelocationD.temperature2. Withwhattopicisthesecondparagraphmainlyconcerned?A. Howthesunevolved.B. Thestructureofthesun.C. Whyscientistsstudythesun.D. Thedistanceofthesunfromtheplanets.3. Allofthefollowingarepartsofthe
13、sunsatmosphereEXCEPTthe.A. coronaB.chromosphereC.photosphereD.core4. Theparagraphfollowingthepassagemostlikelydiscusseswhichofthefollowing?A. Theremaininglayersofthesun.B. Theevolutionofthesuntoitspresentform.C. TheeclipseofFebruary1979.D. Scientistswillcostmoremoneyonresearchingthecorona.【答案】DBDA【解
14、析】本文主要介紹了太陽的相關(guān)知識(shí)，包括太陽的環(huán)境和結(jié)構(gòu)等等。1. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thesunissomuchhotterthantheearththatmattercanexistonlyasagas可知太陽比地球熱得多所以物質(zhì)只能以氣體的形式存在，故選D。2. B推理判斷題。根據(jù)Solarastronomersdoknowthatthesunisdividedintofivelayersorzones.可知第二段主要講的是太陽的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選BD2田節(jié)理命牟題。木艮據(jù)thezonesarethecorona,chromosphere,photosphere,convectionzoneand
15、finallythecore.Thefirstthreezonesareregardedasthesunsatmosphere.可知核心core不屬于太陽的大氣的部分，故選D。3. A推理判斷題。本文主要講的是太陽被分成了五層，介紹了其中的幾層，所以接下去的段落最有可能是討論太陽的剩余的層。故選A。2Ifyourcellphonesuddenlystopsworking,dontblametheserviceprovider.Themalfunction（故障）mighthavebeencausedbysomethingbiggerasolarstorm.Expertsexpectthatth
16、eearthwillseemoresolaractivitiesinthenearfuture.Themalfunctionofelectronicdevicesisjustoneoftheeffects.Sunspots（太K日黑子）serveasanindicator（標(biāo)志）ofthesunsactivity.Forthepasttwoyears,sunspotshavemostlybeenmissing.Theirabsence,thelongestinnearly100years,hastakenevensunwatchersbysurprise.Whenthenumberofsuns
17、potsdropsattheendofeach11-yearcycle,solarstormsdiedownandallbecomemuchcalmer.Thissolarminimumdoesnttlastlong.Withinayear,sunspotsandsolarstormsbegintobuildtowardanewcrescendothenextsolarmaximum.Whatsspecialaboutthislatestcycleisthatthesunishavingtroublestartingthenextsolarcycle.Thesunbegantocalmdown
18、inlate2007,sonooneexpectedmanysunspotsin2008.Theyshouldreturnin2010.Scientistshavepredictedthatthenextsolarcyclecouldbethemostactiveonrecord:moresunspotsandmoresolarstorms.However,sunspotsaremostlymissingnowSincetheearthisinclosecontactwiththesun,strongsolaractivitiescanbringtroubletoourlife.Peopleo
19、fthe21stcenturyrelyonhigh-techsystemsforthebasicsofdailylife.Airtravelandradiocommunicationscanbeaffectedbystrongsolaractivities.Abigsolarstormcouldcause20timesmoreeconomicdamagethanHurricaneKatrina.Whatthesunwilldonextisbeyondourabilitytopredict.Mostastronomersthinkthatthesolarcyclewillgoonbutatlow
20、level.However,thereisalsoevidencethatthesunislosingitsabilitytoproducesunspots.By2015,theycouldbegonealtogether.4. Thesunwatchersfeelsurprisedatthelongestsunspots1absenceB.thelargestsunspotnumberC.themalfunctionofelectronicdevicesD.theseriousdamagebysunspotsWhatdoestheunderlinedword“crescendo”inPara
21、graph3mostprobablymean?A.smallnumberB.highlevelC.usualcycleD.freshstart5. Whichstatementdoesthetextleadyoutobelieve?A. SolaractivitiesdonoharmtoourdailylifeHurricaneKatrinaisalsoatypeofsolarstormsB. Itsdifficulttopredictsunspots.C. Fromnowonthererenosunspots.【答案】ABC【解析】本文是說明文，介紹了與太陽活動(dòng)周期、太陽黑子與其對人類影響等
22、相關(guān)知識(shí)。5. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段“Forthepasttwoyears,sunspotshavemostlybeenmissing.Theirabsence,thelongestinnearly100years,hastakenevensunwatchersbysurprise在過去的兩年里，太陽黑子大部分都消失To這是近100年來太陽消失時(shí)間最長的一次，連太陽觀測者都感到意外）”可知，太陽觀測者感到意外的是太陽黑子長時(shí)間的消失。故選A項(xiàng)。6. 詞句猜測題。根據(jù)三第自然段Withinayear,sunspotsandsolarstormsbegintobuildtowardanewc
23、rescendothenextsolarmaximum.（在一年之內(nèi)，太陽黑子和太陽風(fēng)暴開始形成一個(gè)新的crescendo下一個(gè)高峰期）”中破折號(hào)（表解釋說明）可知，thenextsolarmaximum（下一個(gè)太陽活動(dòng)高峰期）是對crescendo的解釋，所以crescendo就是指“高峰期，頂點(diǎn)”。故選B項(xiàng)。7. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六自然段中Whatthesunw川donextisbeyondourabilitytopredict.（太陽接下來要做什么超出了我們的預(yù)測能力）”和下文天文學(xué)家對solarcycle的不同預(yù)測可推知，太陽黑子是很難預(yù)測的。故選C項(xiàng)。3Scientistswhos
24、tudytheSunwatchforsunspots一violentstormsthatcanaffectcommunications,navigationsystemsandevenelectricpowerstationsontheEarth.SunspotsareaproductofhugeelectromagneticstormsontheSun.ScientistsontheEarthareabletoobservesunspotseightminutesaftertheyhappen.ThatishowlongittakesfbrtheSunslighttoreachus.Thef
25、irstelectricallychargedparticles（顆粒）fromasunspotentertheEarthsatmosphereabout20to30minutesafterthestormhappens.Theseparticlescanharmhumanbeings.Sobeforetheyarrive,astronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationmoveintospecialareasdesignedtoprotectthemfromtheireffects.Aboutadayortwolater,thebiggestpartofthe
26、stormarrives.Itiscalledacoronalmassejection.ThatisbillionsoftonsofsolarmaterialthafsblownawayfromtheSun.Itstravelingmillionsofkilometersanhour,butthatisrelativelyslow.saysAlexYoung,theAssociateDirectorforScienceatNASAsHeliophysicsScienceDivision.SeveralciviliangovernmentagenciesandtheU.S.AirForcewat
27、chweatherconditionsinspace24hoursaday.NASAdoessobecauseitmustprotectitsastronautsandtheelectronicdevicesonitsspacecraft.Scientistsarealsotryingtounderstandwhythenumberofsunspotsrisesandfallsatalmostregularintervalsevery11years.Inotherwords,scientistscanalmostpredicttheamountofsolaractivity.Sometimes
28、theintensity（弓雖度）ishigher,sometimeslower,Forexample,thecurrentsolarcycle,asitiscalled,ismuchlowerthanthepreviousone.SeveralsatelliteswatchtheSunandtheenvironmentbetweentheSunandthoEarth.PicturesandotherinformationfromthesatellitestellscientistswhatishappeningonandneartheSun.AlexYoungsayswehaveonlybe
29、enlookingattheSunwithpowerfulinstrumentsforabout30to40years.Thatisaveryshorttimecomparedtothefourbillionyearsthatthestarhasbeenshining.8. WhydoastronautsonInternationalSpaceStationmoveintospecialarea?D. Toprotectdevicesonthespacecraft.10. WhatenablesscientiststowatchtheSun?A.Theroleofsatellites.11.
30、Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?C. Communicationontheearth.【答案】ACCB【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了太陽黑子活動(dòng)及其對地球的影響。6. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知，太陽黑子活動(dòng)時(shí)發(fā)出的帶電蜘粒,對人類有危害，由本段中的“Sobeforetheyarrive,astronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationmoveintospecialareasdesignedtoprotectthemfromtheireffects.所以在他們到達(dá)之前，國際空間站的宇航員會(huì)進(jìn)入特殊區(qū)域，以保護(hù)他們免受影響?？芍?/p>
31、，為了讓宇航員免受帶電粒子之苦，國際空間站的宇航員會(huì)進(jìn)入特殊區(qū)域。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。7. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中倒數(shù)第三段第一句Scientistsarealsotryingtounderstandwhythenumberofsunspotsrisesandfallsatalmostregularintervalsevery11years.科學(xué)家們也在試圖了解為什么太陽黑子的數(shù)量幾乎每11年會(huì)有定期的升降?？芍?，太陽黑子的活動(dòng)周期是11年，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。8. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的第一句AlexYoungsayswehaveonlybeenlookingattheSunwi
32、thpowerfulinstrumentsforabout30to40years.AlexYoung說我們用強(qiáng)大的儀器，觀測太陽已經(jīng)有30到40年了?？芍茖W(xué)家們利用功能強(qiáng)大的儀器設(shè)備觀測太陽，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。9. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)完整第一段ScientistswhostudytheSunwatchforsunspots一violentstormsthatcanaffectcommunications,navigationsystemsandevenelectricpowerstationsontheEarth.”及全文內(nèi)容可矢口，本文主要介紹的有關(guān)太陽黑子活動(dòng)的一些發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)B符
33、合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。Marswasoncewet,withanoceansworthofwateronitssurface.Today,mostofMarsisasdryasadesertexceptforicedepositsinitspolarregions.Wheredidtherestofthewatergo?Someofitdisappearedintospace.Watermolecules,beatenbyparticlesofsolarwind,brokeapartintohydrogenandoxygenatoms,andthose,especiallythelighterhy
34、drogenatoms,spedoutoftheatmosphere,losttoouterspace.Butmostofthewater,anewstudyconcludes,wentdown,suckedintotheredplanetsrocks.Andthereitremains,trappedwithinmineralsandsalts.Indeed,asmuchas99%ofthewaterthatonceflowedonMarscouldstillbethere,theresearchersestimatedinapaperpublishedthisweekinthejourna
35、lScience.BethanyEhlmann,aprofessorofplanetaryscienceattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyandoneoftheauthorsofthepaper,saidthatastherocksarealteredbyliquidwater,watermoleculesbecomeincorporated（并入）intomineralslikeclays.ThedataandsimulationsindicatedthatthewateronMarswasalmostallgoneby3billionyearsago,
36、aroundthetuneonEarthwhenlifeconsistedofsingle-cellmicrobesintheoceans.Withoutatimemachine,thereisnowaytoobservedirectlyhowmuchwaterwasonayoungerMarsmorethan3billionyearsago.ButthehydrogenatomsfloatingtodayintheatmosphereofMarspreserveaghostlyhintoftheancientocean.OnEarth,about1in5,000hydrogenatomsis
37、aversionknownasdeuterium（重氫;氫的同位素）thatistwiceasheavybecauseitsnucleuscontainsbothaneutronandaproton.ButonMars,theconcentrationofdeuteriumismarkedlyhigher,about1in700.ScientistsattheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCenterwhoreportedthisfindingin2015saidthiscouldbeusedtocalculatetheamountofwaterMarsoncehad.10. W
38、hycan*twaterbefoundonMarsnowexceptforicedepositsinpolarregions?A. Becauseitwastransformedintodeuterium.B. Becauseitwasbeatenintoparticlesbysolarwind.C. Becausemostofitwasintegratedandsomedisappeared.D. Becauseitbrokedownintohydrogenandoxygenatoms.11. Whatisimpliedaboutdeuteriuminthelastparagraph?A.
39、Itistwicetheweightofhydrogen.B. Itsnucleuscontainsaneutronandaproton.C. ItsconcentrationonEarthismarkedlyhigherthanonMarsItenlightensscientistsonthemeasurementofwateronMars.12. Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythisarticleappear?A. Science.B.Travel.C.Entertainment.D.Education.13. Whatcanbeasuitabletitlef
40、orthetext?A. Mars:OnceWet,NowDryAtoms:HydrogenorDeuterium?B. Microbes:Single-cellorMulti-cell?C. WaterVanished:ThisMightBeWhereItWent【答案】CDAD【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了火星上消失的水一部分可能消失了，大部分可能沉入了火星的紅色巖石中。12. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Someofitdisappearedintospace.（一些水消失在太空中。）”和第三段Butmostofthewater,anewstudyconcludes,wentdown,s
41、uckedintotheredplanetsrocks.（但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，大部分的水都沉入了火星的巖石中。）”可知原因是一部分消失了，大部分集合在巖石中。故選C。13. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段ScientistsattheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCenterwhoreportedthisfindingin2015saidthiscouldbeusedtocalculatetheamountofwaterMarsoncehad.（美國宇航局戈達(dá)德太空飛行中心的科學(xué)家在2015年報(bào)告了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)，稱這可以用來計(jì)算火星曾經(jīng)擁有的水的數(shù)量。）”可知，寬激發(fā)了科學(xué)家關(guān)于火星的水的
42、測量。故選D。14. 推理判斷題。閱讀可知這是一篇科普類說明文，因此推測可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)板塊。故選A。15. 主旨大意題。通讀全文以及根據(jù)第三段Butmostofthewater,anewstudyconcludes,wentdown,suckedintotheredplanetsrocks.（但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，大部分的水都沉入了火星的巖石中。）”可知，本文主要講述了火星消失的水可能在哪里，ABC三個(gè)選項(xiàng)太片面。故選D。5The2012LondonOlympicshadenoughproblemstoworryabout.Butonemorehasjustbeenadded-acommu
43、nicationsblackoutcausedbysolarstorms.AfteraperiodofcalmwithintheSun,scientistshavedetectedthesignsofafleshcycleofsunspotsthatcouldpeakin2012,justintimeforthearrivaloftheOlympictorchinLondon.Nowscientistsbelievethatthispeakcouldresultinvastsolarexplosionsthatcouldthrowbillionsoftonsofchargedmattertow
44、ardstheEarth,causingstrongsolarstormsthatcouldjamthetelecommunicationssatellitesandinteractlinkssendingfiveOlympicbroadcastfromLondon.TheSunsactivityhasastronginfluenceontheEarth.TheOlympicscouldbeinthemiddleofthenextsolarmaximumwhichcouldaffectthefunctionsofcommunicationssatellites/saidProfessorRic
45、hardHarrison,headofspacephysicsattheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryinOxfordshire.Atthepeakofthecycle,violentoutburstscalledcoronalmassejections（日冕物質(zhì)拋射）occurintheSurfsatmosphere,throwingoutgreatquantitiesofelectrically-chargedmatter.Acoronalmassejectioncancarryabilliontonsofsolarmaterialintospaceatovera
46、millionkilometresperhour.Sucheventscanexposeastronautstoadeadlyamount,candisablesatellites,causepowerfailuresonEarthanddisturbcommunications/ProfessorHarrisonadded.Theriskisgreatestduringasolarmaximumwhenthereisthegreatestnumberofsunspots.NextweekinAmerica,NASAisscheduledtolaunchasatelliteformonitor
47、ingsolaractivitycalledtheSolarDynamicsObservatory（SDO）,whichwilltakeimagesoftheSunthatare10timesclearerthanthemostadvancedtelevisionsavailable.TheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryhelpedtomakethehigh-techcamerasthatwillcaptureimagesofthesolarflares（太K日耀斑）andexplosionsastheyoccur.ProfessorRichardHoldaway,t
48、helabsdirector,saidthattheSDOshouldbeabletoprovideearlywarningofasolarflareorexplosionbigenoughtoaffectsatellitecommunicationsonEarthIfwehaveadvancewarning,wellbeabletoreducethedamage.Whatyoudontwantisthingsswitchingoffforaweekwithnoideaofwhatscausedtheproblem/*hesaid.16. Thephrasecommunicationsblac
49、kout1inparagraph1mostprobablyreferstoduringthe2012Olympics.A. theextinguishingoftheOlympictorchthecollapseofbroadcastingsystemsB. thetransportationbreakdowninLondonthedestructionofweathersatellites17. Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesolaractivitydescribedinthepassage?A. Themostfatalmatterfromthecoronafalls
50、ontoEarth.B. Thesolarstormpeakoccursinthemiddleofeachcycle.C. IttakesseveralsecondsforthechargedmattertoreachEarth.D. Thenumberofsunspotsdeclinesaftercoronalmassejections.18. Accordingtothepassage,NASAwilllaunchasatelliteto.A.takeimagesofthesolarsystemB.provideearlywarningofthunderstormsC.keeptracko
51、fsolaractivitiesD.improvethecommunicationsonEarth19. Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A. SolarStorms:AnInvisibleKillerSolarStorms:EarthEnvironmentinDangerB. SolarStorms:ThreateningtheHumanRaceSolarStorms:HumanActivitiestoBeTroubled【答案】BDCD【解析】略6TheUnitedStatesspaceagencywillsendasp
52、acecrafttoexplorethesunmorecloselythaneverbeforeonSaturday.NASASParkerSolarProbe（探測器）willflythroughthehotsolaratmosphereandcomewithinjust6millionkilometersofthesunssurface.TheParkerProbewillgetalmostseventimesclosertothesunthanearlierspacecraft.Todothis,itwillflypastVenus（金星）seventimesoversevenyears
53、.Eachpasswillchangetheprobesorbitbyprovidingagravitypush.Itwillmoveeverclosertothesunandstraightintothecorona（日冕）,thesunsoutermostatmosphere.Byexploringthesunscorona,scientistshopetolearnwhyitishundredsoftimeshotterthanthesunssurface.Theywillalsostudywhatdrivesthesolarwind.Theprojectwasproposedin195
54、8,thesameyearNASAwasestablished.Now,itsbecomingareality,saidprojectmanagerAndyDriesman.TheParkerspacecrafthasa2.4meterheatshield（護(hù)罩）thatis11centimetersthick.Itismadeoftwocarbonsheets.Thefronthasawhitecoatingtoreflectsunlight.Itisexpectedtoshineredwhenitexperiencestheextremesolarheat.Almosteverything
55、onthespacecraftwillbebehindthisshieldtokeepitsscientificinstrumentsrelativelycool.Besides,thespacecraftwillalsobetravelingatahighspeed.Theprobewillreach690,000kilometersperhourinthecorona.ThespacecraftwillmakeitsfirstflightpastVenusinearlyOctober.ItsfirstpassbythesunisexpectedinNovember.TheParkerSol
56、arProbeisthefirstNASAspacecrafttobenamedaftersomeonewhoisstillalive.EugeneParkerisa91-year-oldprofessorattheUniversityofChicago.Hepredictedtheexistenceofsolarwind60yearsago.HeplanstobeatCapeCanaveralAirForceStationinthesouthernstateofFloridatoseethelaunch.20. WhatstheadvantageoftheParkerProbecompare
57、dtotheearlierones?A. Itcanchangetheorbitbyflyingpastthesun.B. Itcangetclosertothesunandintothecorona.C. Itcanstudytheeffectofsolarwind.D. Itcanflythroughthehotsolaratmospherewithoutprotection.21. Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A. Humanhadlittleachievementsinexploringthesun.B. EugeneParkeristhefirst
58、onetostudythesun.C. TheParkerProbehastogetclosetothesunwiththehelpofVenus.D. Humancangetclosetothesun*ssurfacewithin6millionkilometerstoday.22. WhatcanwelearnaboutEugeneParker?A.HestartedNASA.B.Heforesawthesolarwindwhenhewas31.C. HedesignedtheParkerspacecraft.D. HewillstudythesunusingtheParkerspacec
59、raft.23. Judgingfromthecontent,thepassagemostprobablybelongsto.A.astorybookB.anadvertisementC.asciencefictionD.anewsreport【答案】BCBD【解析】這是一則新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了美國航天局將發(fā)射一艘宇宙飛船，比以往任何時(shí)候都更近距離地探索太陽。該飛船被命名為帕克太陽探測器，將穿越炎熱的太陽大氣和僅僅600萬公里的太陽表面。20. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的TheParkerProbewillgetalmostseventimesclosertothesunthanearliers
60、pacecraft.帕克探測器將比早期航天器接近太陽近7倍?？芍椭暗奶綔y器相比，帕克探測器更接近于太陽。故選B。21. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Todothis,itwillflypastVenus（金星）seventimesoversevenyears.Eachpasswillchangetheprobe*sorbitbyprovidingagravitypush.Itwillmoveeverclosertothesunandstraightintothecorona（H冕）.為了做到這一點(diǎn)，它將在7年中飛過金星7次。每次通過都會(huì)提供重力推動(dòng)，改變探測器的軌道。它會(huì)越來越靠近太陽，直接
61、進(jìn)入日冕。可知，飛船要接近太陽必須依靠進(jìn)行提供的動(dòng)力，即帕克探測器必須在金星的幫助下接近太陽。故選C。22. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EugeneParkerisa91-year-oldprofessorattheUniversityofChicago.Hepredictedtheexistenceofsolarwind60yearsago.尤金帕克是芝加哥大學(xué)91歲的教授。他在60年前就預(yù)言了太陽風(fēng)的存C.Whyscientistsstudythesun.D.Thedistanceofthesunfromtheplanets.3. Allofthefollowingarepartsofthesuns
62、atmosphereEXCEPTthe.A.coronaB.chromosphereC.photosphereD.core4. Theparagraphfollowingthepassagemostlikelydiscusseswhichofthefollowing?A. Theremaininglayersofthesun.B. Theevolutionofthesuntoitspresentform.C. TheeclipseofFebruary1979.D. Scientistswillcostmoremoneyonresearchingthecorona.2Ifyourcellphon
63、esuddenlystopsworking,dontblametheserviceprovider.Themalfunction（故障）mighthavebeencausedbysomethingbiggerasolarstorm.Expertsexpectthattheearthwillseemoresolaractivitiesinthenearfuture.Themalfunctionofelectronicdevicesisjustoneoftheeffects.Sunspots（太陽黑子）serveasanindicator（標(biāo)志）ofthesunsactivity.Forthepa
64、sttwoyears,sunspotshavemostlybeenmissing.Theirabsence,thelongestinnearly100years,hastakenevensunwatchersbysurprise.Whenthenumberofsunspotsdropsattheendofeach11-yearcycle,solarstormsdiedownandallbecomemuchcalmer.Thissolarminimumndoesnttlastlong.Withinayear,sunspotsandsolarstormsbegintobuildtowardanew
65、crescendothenextsolarmaximum.Whatsspecialaboutthislatestcycleisthatthesunishavingtroublestartingthenextsolarcycle.Thesunbegantocalmdowninlate2007,sonooneexpectedmanysunspotsin2008.Theyshouldreturnin2010.Scientistshavepredictedthatthenextsolarcyclecouldbethemostactiveonrecord:moresunspotsandmoresolarstorms.However,sunspotsaremostlymissingnowSincetheearthisinclosecontactwitht
2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)58 黑子與日冕等太陽活動(dòng)(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx
