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1、Lesson one Rock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ? Exercises A. Answer the following questions on the text: 1. what is the function of the two quotations ? Are they appropriate ? 2. What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginni

2、ng of the article? 3. According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ? 4. In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ? 5. How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ? 6. What other

3、 major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ? 7. What rewards did rock superstars get ? 8. Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think the author ends the article the way he does ? Key A 1. The author uses the two quotations to in

4、troduce his ideas . Yes , they are . 2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have a totally different attitudes towards rock music . 3. Rock musi

5、c can express its times . He sees it as a debating forum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs . 4. When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show , a debate took place . The old people frowned while the young viewers applauded. 5. Bob Dy

6、lan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The Rolling Stones demanded revolution . 6. Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions. 7. The rock superstars got applause , praise and money . 8. No , he hasn’t . He want s to leave the questi

7、on to the readers and let them think . B Translate the following into Chinese : 1. “Jagger,” he said , “grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners . 2. How do you feel about all this adulation and

8、 hero worship ? 3. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ? 4. Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your s

9、ociety are . 5. It’s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s . 6. Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject . 7. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to “get away from it all , “ to “go back

10、to the old days .” 8. In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent of the girls said their hero was a rock superstar. KeyB 1他描述道:”賈格爾拿著半加侖水, 順著舞臺(tái)前沿,邊跑邊把水灑向前排汗流浹背的歌迷身上.” 2. 你如何看待這種贊美和英雄崇拜? 3. 還是由于他把你狂熱的幻想用行動(dòng)表現(xiàn)出來(lái),你神不知鬼不覺(jué)地被這個(gè)不可思議的小丑所吸引? 4. 一些社會(huì)學(xué)

11、家認(rèn)為你對(duì)這些問(wèn)題的回答,很能說(shuō)明你在想什么,社會(huì)在想什么..換句話說(shuō), 可以說(shuō)明你和社會(huì)的態(tài)度. 5. 只不過(guò)艾爾維斯的演唱表現(xiàn)了50年代青少年那種沮喪的精神狀態(tài). 6. 感情總是任何音樂(lè)表達(dá)的必要成分,也是一個(gè)重要議題. 7. 霍羅威茨認(rèn)為這種結(jié)合表達(dá)了聽(tīng)眾欲”擺脫現(xiàn)實(shí)一切”/”重歸昔日”的強(qiáng)烈愿望. 9. 在1972年的一次全國(guó)民意測(cè)驗(yàn)中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他們心目中的英雄是超搖滾歌星. C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box b

12、elow,changing its form when necessary : Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody 9. His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era . 10. How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ? 11. The peddler sprin

13、kled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier. 12. In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons . 13. That’s idle gossip . Don’t listen to it . 14. She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified .

14、15. The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him . 8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country . D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences : 1. The whole nat

15、ion watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV . 2. It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President . 3. Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ). 4. Some people watch television so

16、much that they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it . 5. As it was an informal dinner , most people (wore ,were dressed ) in their comfortable clothes . 6. Do you think those young people are (idealistic ,ideal ) or pragmatic ? 7. Filled with great (adulation , admiration ) for the

17、ir integrity and courage , he was determined to be a man like them . 8. Deep at night , they could still hear gun-fire (rambling , rumbling ) in the distance . E. Explain the underlined words in English : 1. “They think he is sick , sick , sick , “ Mike said . 2. Newspaper editorialized again

18、st him . 3. He poke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation . 4. The Beatles … urged peace and piety … 5. His most notable songs …while the lyrics celebrate the simple joy … 6. … these rock musicians mirror feelings and benefits …. 7. Horowitz sees the rock music arena as …a

19、place where ideas clash and crash . 8. What does he ---or any other current rock success ---tell us about his fans ? Key E 1. disgusting 2. Editors ‘ articles attacked and criticized him 3. the confusions of the old people 4. had a strong desire for peace and piety 5. The words of the so

20、ng praise the natural happiness of the old days . 6. reflect emotions and outlooks 7. a place where ideas come into opposition and contradict to each other 8. other successful rock stars at present F . Translate the following into English : 搖滾樂(lè)于20世紀(jì)50年代末舉起于美國(guó). 它不僅是一種新型的音樂(lè)形式,更是美國(guó)的青年人表達(dá)他們對(duì)世界和

21、人生看法的論壇. 在這個(gè)論壇上, 歌星們唱出了青年人對(duì)民權(quán)/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平的態(tài)度, 唱出了他們對(duì)社會(huì)的不滿,也唱出了愛(ài)與恨之間的各種情感. 總之, 在這個(gè)論壇上, 青年人把他們對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)的信仰及情感給以全新的解釋. 早期的搖滾樂(lè)的主要代表人物有艾爾維斯.普雷斯利,歌星加詩(shī)人鮑勃.狄倫/甲殼蟲(chóng)樂(lè)隊(duì)以及滾石樂(lè)隊(duì)等等.他們都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄. Key F Rock music began in America in the late 1950’s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth

22、to express their ideas of the world and life . In this forum , the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a range of emotions between love and hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefs

23、and feelings of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley , singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They were the culture heroes whom the young people worshipped . G. Write a short passage of 150—200words in English on

24、the topic “Do you Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?:” You should cover the following points : 1 A general statement of your position ; 2 Two or three arguments with a supporting example for each . Key G Do You Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ? Rock music be

25、gan in America in the late 1950’s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . Music expressed its times . Rock music was a sociological expression rather than a musical force . It embodied the frustrated teenage spirit of

26、the 1950s. At that time young people might be dissatisfied with the society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , but they could not protest it openly . So they would use music as an outlet . Then they could get some balance in their minds . Another aspect is that the young people could

27、 make their ideas and beliefs known to the world through music . By music , they could show their felling and dreams . So all in all , young people combined invention and exaggeration ,reason and motion , word and sound , music and politics as a whole . Lesson Two Four Choices fo

28、r Young People A. Answer the following questions on the text : 1. How do American young people look at the adult world in general ? 2. What does “drop out “ mean ? Why does the author say that the dropouts lead a parasitic way of life ? 3. In What way are those who flee different from the dropo

29、uts ? 4. Why is this solution no longer practical on a large scale ? 5. What kind of young people tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution ? 6. Why does the author say that the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions have succeeded ? 7. What are some of the new problems faced by the

30、young people ? 8. What is the fourth alternative ? Why does the author favor this alternative ? Key A 1. They view the adult world with great skeptism . They think their world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice ,poverty and war . 2. “Drop out “means its practioners escape the trad

31、itional way of life , refuse to take any responsibility and live a parasitic life . Because its practioners batten on the society which they scorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility . 3. Those who flee are not parasites.They are willing to support themselves and to contribute some

32、thing to the general community . 4. Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes , except for the polar regions , the frontiers are gone . 5. The young people who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process or who believe that basic institu

33、tions can only be changed by force tend to follow this strategy . 6. Because they live in bitter disillusionment to see the establishment they have overthrown replaced by a new one , just as hard –faced and stuffy . 7. The unprecedent problems of an affluent society , of racial justice , of keep

34、ing our cities from becoming uninhabitable, of coping with war in unfamiliar guises , and of population explosion . 8. The fourth alternative is to try to change the world gradually .Because it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy .

35、 .B. Translate the following into Chinese : 1. Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries . 2. During the last few years , I have listened to scores of young people ,in college and out , who were just as nervous about the grown –up world . 3. They are willing to support themselves and t

36、o contribute something to the general community , but they simply don’t like the environment of civilization ;that is ,the city , with all its ugliness and tension . 4. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life . 5. To them it offers a romantic appeal ,usua

37、lly symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure. 6. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of , cleansed of all human meanness . 7. The revolutionary state , under whatever political label , has to be run –not by violent romantics –but by experts in

38、 marketing , sanitary engineering , and the management of bureaucracies. 8. About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes works – that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy . Key B 1. 很顯

39、然他所說(shuō)的代表了許多同齡人的想法. 2. 在過(guò)去的幾年中, 我聽(tīng)到過(guò)許多大學(xué)內(nèi)外的年輕人的談話, 對(duì)于成人世界,他們也有同感. 3. 他們?cè)敢庾允称淞?并對(duì)社會(huì)大眾做些貢獻(xiàn).他們不喜歡文明的環(huán)境,也就是說(shuō), 不喜歡那種丑惡/緊張的城市生活. 4. 一些極富有的鄉(xiāng)紳可以回到農(nóng)村的田園生活. 5. 對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō),這有一種浪漫/傳奇的色彩,通常是以某個(gè)有闖勁/魅力超凡的人物為代表的. 6. 即使革命成功,勝利的曙光也不會(huì)照在光燦燦的/夢(mèng)想的/消除了人類(lèi)一切自私的新世界上. 7. 革命的機(jī)器,無(wú)論貼上什么樣的政治標(biāo)簽,還得由市場(chǎng)銷(xiāo)售/衛(wèi)生工程/官僚機(jī)構(gòu)的行家們來(lái)操作,而不是由那些極端的浪

40、漫主義者們?nèi)ゲ僮? 8. 這種方法的惟一優(yōu)點(diǎn)是, 它有時(shí)真的有效,--在一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn), 與其它可選的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行為. C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below , changing its form when necessary : Strike run out of cleanse disappoint insoluble unprecedent satisfy virtual contribute avail

41、able symbolize vehement 1. For many Americans , it is their lifelong dream to buy a satisfying /satisfactory two-storied house with a garden . 2. To make Beijing our worthy capital , we must get it cleansed of polluted air , among other things . 3.In a lot of cultures , red roses are used to s

42、ymbolize love . 4.Unfortunately , their car ran out of fuel , just ten miles short of Chicago . 5. An unprecedented event in history took place in 1969 , when two American astronauts landed for the first time on the Moon . 6. The detective finally gave up , declaring the mystery insoluble . 7

43、. Though high-sounding , his speech struck everyone at the meeting as totally irrelevant to what was discussed . 9. If you travel by plane , Beijing and Guangzhou are virtually neighboring cities . D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences

44、 : 1. The professor looked over our papers with a hasty (sight , glance ). 2. Before ordering their dinner , they considered the (relevant , relative ) merits of chicken and roast beef . 3. The little boy’s constant noise (exhilarated , exasperated ) his father , who was busy writing a paper fo

45、r a symposium . 4. Isn’t it (wholesome, noisome )to live in a city with so many vehicles passing day and night ? 5. He was born in a small town (lived , inhabited ) by about 500 people . 6. Her desk was all (jumbled , cluttered ) with old papers , strings , and other odds and ends . 7. He thi

46、nks they are extremely (idealistic , ideal ) , for all their pragmatism . 8. She made one last (attraction , appeal ) to her father for permission to go to the party . E. Explain the underlined words in English : 1….who were just as nervous about the grown-up world . 2. Unlike the dropouts ,

47、they are not parasites . 3. This strategy also has ancient antecedents . 4. …that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension . 5. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of …. 6. At first glance , this course is far from inviting . 7. …it offer

48、s a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy . 8. …another one looms just ahead . Key E 1. They are doubtful and critical about the way the older generation is running the world . 2. They don’t batten on the society . They support themselves .

49、 3. This strategy is not new . We had similar ones in the old times . 4. The city is ugly and full of pressures . 5. Their success doesn’t bring about a new world . 6. This strategy is not attractive . 7. Compared with other strategies , it can change the world for the better . It can stop

50、 some of the world ‘s violence or crulty . 8. Another problem appears before them . F. Translate the following into English : 60年代的美國(guó)青年是反叛的一代. 他們看到美國(guó)這個(gè)富裕社會(huì)充滿了貧困/不平等和虛偽.他們不再相信這個(gè)不屬于他們的成人社會(huì), 拒絕信奉它的信仰和價(jià)值觀. 很多青年人積極投入到反對(duì)貧困/反對(duì)種族歧視和反對(duì)越南戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的斗爭(zhēng)中去 ,有些青年人甚至試圖以武裝革命的方式推翻這個(gè)社會(huì). 還有很多青年人以消極的方式表示他們的不滿. 他們吸毒,過(guò)著不承擔(dān)任

51、何社會(huì)責(zé)任的寄生生活, 或者跑到未開(kāi)墾的鄉(xiāng)村去, 過(guò)著原始公社式的生活. Key F The American young people in 1960’s were a generation of rebellion . They found that the affluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn’t trust the adult world that didn’t belong to them and refused to take their

52、beliefs and values . Many young people took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination and Vietnam War . Some young people even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. Many other young took passive ways to show their disaffections . They took drugs

53、 , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived a primitive way of life . G. Write a short passage of 150-200 words in English on the topic “My Comment on the Fourth Choice .”You should cover the following points : !.what the

54、fourth choice is ; 2.What you agree on with the author and reasons for your agreement ; 3.What you disagree on with the author , if any , and your explanation . My Comment on the Fourth Choice The fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time . Maybe at the first glance

55、 it is not inviting . It lacks glamour . It has no quick result . It demands patience . It depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making . I think the author is right . Reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Ape

56、nnines , as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead . The problems are the same , too. Once some problems are brought under some kind of rough control , new problems take place . So we can’t solve all the problems at a time . We have to deal with one problem each time an

57、d change the world gradually and steadily . So problems can be handled in the same way that hard problems have been coped with before –piecemeal , pragmatically ,by the dogged efforts of many people . so I think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better chance for remedying

58、 some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available starategy . Lesson Three The Use of Force By William Carlos Williams A. Answer the following questions on the text : 1. why wasn’t the sick child in bed ? 2. why were the girl’s parents eyeing the doctor up

59、 and down distrustfully ? 3. What made the girl refuse to open her mouth to the doctor ? 4. Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat ? 5. Why was the doctor not able to see her throat since he already had the wooden tongue depressor into her mouth ? 6. How did the doctor finally get see

60、 the girl’s throat ? 7. Did the girl’s physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of the incident ?Explain . 8. Can you find any fault with the doctor’s behavior? Key A, 1. Because it was damp there . 2. Because they were the new patients to him and they were nervous . 3. She didn’

61、t want others to know that her tonsils were covered with membrane. 4. Because the doctor took a trial shot that the girl might have diphtheria. 5. Because she gripped the wooden blade between her molars and didn’t open her mouth to let the doctor have a look . 6. The doctor overpowered the chi

62、ld’s neck and jaws , forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . 7. Yes , it did . Because she was very beautiful and didn’t want others to know her shortcomings . She thought tonsils covered with membrane were ugly . 8. Yes . The doctor grasped the chil

63、d’s head and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . He had grown furious at the child . He could have torn the child apart and enjoyed it . B. Translate the following into Chinese : 1. When I arrived I was met by the mother , a big startled looking woman , very clean and apo

64、logetic who merely said , Is this the doctor?And let me in . 2. He tried to get up , but I motioned for him not to bother , took off my overcoat and started to look things over . 3. As often , in such cases , they weren’t telling me more than they had to , it was up to me to tell them . 4. I sm

65、iled in my best professional manner and asking for the child’s first name I said , come on , Mathilda, … 5. At that I ground my teeth in disgust . If only they wouldn’t use the word “hurt “I might be able to get somewhere . 6. In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exha

66、usted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me . 7. …she opened up for an instant but before I could see any thing she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars she reduced it to splinters before I could get it out again . 8. The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy , one says to one’s self at such times . Key B 1. 我到她家時(shí)先遇到她的母親, 她一副驚訝/害怕的表情. 她穿著很干凈, 只是禮貌地說(shuō), 您是醫(yī)生嗎?就讓我進(jìn)去 了. 2. 他試圖站起來(lái), 我示意他不要