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1、1378國開電大本科管理英語3期末考試第三題閱讀之選擇題庫（珍藏版） 說明：更新至2021年7月試題，可以根據(jù)試題首字母音序查找試題及答案。試題A question that often troubles food companies is how to control problems like rats and insects without harming the food. Pest control experts say poisons should never be used where they may enter food. They say the first line of
2、 defense against pests is to clean the places where the food is handled or stored.Floors, food preparation surfaces and tools can be disinfected with chemicals like chlorine, iodine or bromine. Food containers should be stored about half a meter off the ground and about half a meter away from any wa
3、lls. Storage areas should be kept dry and clean.Containers for raw materials such as rice, wheat, etc. should be kept closed and clean. Any foodstuff split during delivery or handling should be cleared up both inside and outside the building. Pests enter a building from the outside, so pay attention
4、 to outer walls. Small stones can be used to cover the ground and block the growth of plants and the grass should be kept short to deny pests a place to live.Check that doors and windows are completely closed. Also any hole that might allow pests to enter a building should be filled. Rats can enter
5、through a hole the size of a coin. A mouse can pass through a hole half that size. Supervisors should make a list of pest control measures to be taken by employees. This will aid the efforts and also help prepare for any inspections. In most countries, there is a food and drug administration bureau,
6、 or some agency with a similar name, which enforces rules nationwide, responsible for rules about the use of pesticides, etc. However, businesses where food is stored, prepared or sold must also follow state and local health laws. Most of these governmental departments or bureaus have their websites
7、 with information about food safety policies and other issues. People can easily access the information.附翻譯：試題一個經(jīng)常困擾食品公司的問題是如何在不損害食品的情況下控制老鼠和昆蟲等問題。害蟲防治專 家說，毒藥永遠不應該在它們可能進入食物的地方使用。他們說，抵御害蟲的第一道防線是清潔處理或 儲存食物的地方。地板、食物準備表面和工具可以用氯、碘或漠等化學物質(zhì)進行消毒。食品容器應存放在離地面約半 米的地方，距離任何墻壁約半米的地方。儲存區(qū)域應保持干燥和清潔。盛裝大米、小麥等原料的容器應保持密閉
8、、清潔。任何在運送或處理過程中裂開的食品都應在建筑 物內(nèi)外進行清理。害蟲從外面進入建筑物，所以要注意外墻?？梢杂眯∈^覆蓋地面，阻擋植物的生長， 草應該保持矮小，以免害蟲棲息。檢查門窗是否完全關閉。此外，任何可能讓害蟲進入建筑物的洞都應該被填滿。老鼠可以通過硬幣 大小的孔進入。一只老鼠可以穿過一半大小的洞。主管應列出員工應采取的害蟲防治措施清單。這將有助于努力，也有助于為任何檢查做準備。大多 數(shù)國家都有食品藥品管理局或類似名稱的機構，在全國范圍內(nèi)執(zhí)行規(guī)則，負責農(nóng)藥使用規(guī)則等。但是， 儲存、制備或銷售食品的企業(yè)也必須遵守州和地方衛(wèi)生法。這些政府部門或局中的大多數(shù)都在其網(wǎng)站上 提供有關食品安全政策
9、和其他問題的信息。人們可以輕松訪問這些信息。操作提示：通過題干后的下拉框選擇題目的正確答案。1. According to pest control experts, why should poisons never be used in food companies?答案Because they may enter food.2. What is the first line of defense against pests?答案To clean the places where food is handled or stored.3. How can floors, food prepar
10、ation surfaces and tools be disinfected?答案With chemicals.4. Why should attention be paid to outer walls?答案To prevent pests from entering a building from outside.5. What dose the passage mainly talk about?答案How to control rats and insects without harming the food.附翻譯：1. 害蟲繇治專家認為，為什么食品企業(yè)不能使用毒藥？答案因為它們可
11、能進入食物。25. 祖父母去世后孩子的感受如何？答案他們后悔沒有向他們表達他們的真實感受。試題On Christmas Eve-the night before Christmas Day-children all over Britain put a stocking at the end of lheir beds before they go to sleep. Their parents usually tell them that Father Christmas will come during the night.Father Christmas is very kind and
12、 hearted. He gets to the top of each house and climbs down lhe chimney into the fireplace. He fills each of the stockings with Christmas presents.Of course, Father Christmas isnt real. In Jim and Kates house, “Father Christmasis really Mr Green. Mr Green doesnt climb down the chimney. He waits until
13、 the children are asleep. Then he quietly goes into their bedrooms and fills their stockings with small presents. When they were very young, Mr Green sometimes wore a red coat. But he doesnt do that now. The children are no longer young, and they know who “Father Christmas really is. But they still
14、put their stockings at the end of their beds.附翻譯：“-試題平安夜一圣誕節(jié)前一天晚上一全英國的孩子們在睡覺前在床尾放了一只長襪。他們的父母通常告 訴他們，圣誕老人會在晚上到來。圣誕老人非常善良和熱心。他爬到每棟房子的頂部，從煙囪爬到壁爐里。他用圣誕禮物填滿每只長 襪。當然，圣誕老人不是真的。在吉姆和凱特的家里，“圣誕老人”真的是格林先生。格林先生不會從 煙囪爬下來。他一直等到孩子們睡著了。然后他悄悄地走進他們的臥室，在他們的長襪里塞滿了小禮物。 在他們很小的時候，格林先生有時會穿一件紅色外套。但他現(xiàn)在不這樣做了。孩子們不再年輕，他們知 道“圣誕老人
15、”到底是誰。但他們?nèi)匀话验L襪放在床尾。26. Christmas Eve is.答案the night before Christmas DayFather Christmas often puts presents.答案into childrens stockingsWhen the children were very young,.答案they didnt know who Father Christmas wasWhen the children are older, they.答案Iknow that Father Christmas is really their fatherFa
16、ther Christmas comes into the house through the.答案chimney附翻譯：26. 平安夜是o答案圣誕節(jié)前一矣晚上27. 圣誕老人經(jīng)常送禮物o答案變成兒童絲襪28. 當孩子們很小的時候，o答案他們不知道圣誕老人是誰29. 孩子長大后，他們o答案知道圣誕老人真的是他們的父親30. 圣誕老人通過進入房子。答案煙囪試題Quality control is a series of activities that ensure and improve the quality of products and service.The term quality c
17、ontrol* came into common use in the 1950s because of W.Edward Deming. His Fourteen Points have become the bible for quality control specialists. When the post-war world returned to regular manufacturing, Deming said that inspecting product quality after they were made was unacceptable. Instead, he p
18、roposed a process known as statistical quality control. It would use closely monitored performance measures to control quality while a product was being made. The goal of statistical quality control was to gather data that would allow for the constant improvement of manufacturing processes. This wou
19、ld in turn improve quality control.Another important principle of Demings beliefs was that upper management should be responsible for quality failures. He strongly believed that it was possible for the workers to work hard to produce the highest quality products if they were given the right tools an
20、d working environment. In Demings own words, the basic cause of sickness in American industry and the resulting unemployment is a failure of top management to manage. He believed that strong leadership led to a motivated work force.If strong leadership is the term for managers in a quality environme
21、nt, then empowerment is the key concept fbr workers in Deinings system. Improved education and training are key factors in reaching employees and making them believe that lheir increased participation in the work process is an essential part of improving quality. Involvement, participation, and team
22、work are seen as absolute must haves if a quality workplace is to be created.The Japanese were the first to use Demings Fourteen Points, and made great success. As an example, one Japanese factory doubled production in just one year and was expecting to gain an additional 25 percent improvement the
23、following year, with no increase in the amount of working hours. All this happened as a result of simply improving quality. It was in the late 1970s that American manufacturing factories realized that quality control was a significant issue. By that time, Japanese firms such as Honda and Sony were t
24、aking over large portions of the American consumer market while it took most American firms until the 1990s to put quality control practices in place.附翻譯：試題質(zhì)量控制是確保和提高產(chǎn)品和服務質(zhì)量的一系列活動。由于W.愛德華戴明，“質(zhì)量控制一詞在1950年代開始普遍使用。他的“十四點已成為質(zhì)量 控制專家的圣經(jīng)。當戰(zhàn)后世界恢復正常制造時，戴明表示，在制造后檢查產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量是不可接受的。相反， 他提出了一種稱為“統(tǒng)計質(zhì)量控制”的過程。它將使用密切監(jiān)控的性
25、能措施來控制產(chǎn)品制造過程中的質(zhì) 量。統(tǒng)計質(zhì)量控制的目標是收集數(shù)據(jù)，以便不斷改進制造過程。這將反過來改善質(zhì)量控制。戴明信念的另一個重要原則是，高層管理人員應對質(zhì)量失敗負責。他堅信，如果給工人們合適的工 具和工作環(huán)境，他們就有可能努力生產(chǎn)出最高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品。用戴明自己的話來說，“美國工業(yè)病態(tài)和由 此導致的失業(yè)的根本原因是高層管理人員管理不善。他相信強有力的領導會帶來積極的員工隊伍。 如果說強有力的領導是在質(zhì)量環(huán)境中的管理者的術語，那么授權是戴明系統(tǒng)中工人的關鍵概念。改善教 育和培訓是影響員工并使他們相信他們更多地參與工作過程是提高質(zhì)量的重要組成部分的關鍵因素。如 果要創(chuàng)建高質(zhì)量的工作場所，參與、參與
26、和團隊合作被視為絕對的“必備條件。日本人最先使用了戴明十四分法，并取得了巨大的成功。例如，一家日本工廠在短短一年內(nèi)將產(chǎn)量 翻了一番，并預計第二年將再獲得25%的改進，而工作時間不會增加。所有這一切都是由于簡單地提高 質(zhì)量而發(fā)生的。直到1970年代后期，美國制造工廠才意識到質(zhì)量控制是一個重要問題。到那時，本田 和索尼等日本公司已經(jīng)占據(jù)了美國消費市場的大部分份額，而大多數(shù)美國公司直到1990年代才實施質(zhì) 量控制措施。操作提示：通過題干后的下拉框選擇題目的正確答案。1. According to W. Edward Deming, what is the best time to control p
27、roduct quality ?答案During the production process.2. When there are quality failures, where does W. Edward Deming think the blame lies?答案In the tools.3. Which of the following will not help to create a quality workplace?答案Working alone.4. During which period were some Japanese firms winning American c
28、onsumer markets over American firms? 答案1970s.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements about quality control is NOT correct?答案Quality control can be done within one department.附翻譯：1. 根據(jù)W愛德華戴明的說法，控制產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的最佳時間是什么時候？答案在生產(chǎn)過程中。2. 當出現(xiàn)質(zhì)量故障時，陽愛德華戴明認為責任在哪里？答案在工具中。3. 以下哪項無助于打造優(yōu)質(zhì)工作場所？答案獨自工作
29、。4. 一些日本公司在哪個時期戰(zhàn)勝了美國公司贏得了美國消費市場？答案70年代。5. 根據(jù)文章，下列關于質(zhì)量控制的說法不正確的是？答案質(zhì)量控制可以在一個部門內(nèi)完成。試題The 2014 Ebola outbreak is the largest in history and the first Ebola outbreak in Test Africa. Although the current epidemic does not cause a significant risk to other nations, many countries, including China and the
30、United States of America, have actually been working closely with the Ebola hit states. For example, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is taking precautions at home besides its activities abroad.CDC s team of “virus hunters is supported by specialized public health teams both i
31、n West Africa and at the CDC Atlanta headquarters. Together, they offer continuous support to save lives and protect people. CDC works closely with a number of US government agencies, national and international partners. CDC* s experience of working with Ebola is important to the World Health Organi
32、zations growing West Africa Ebola response.On Sept. 2, 2014 , CDC Director, Tom Frieden called fbr more international partners to join this effort. your motivation and desire will increase. Long-term goals maybe related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a
33、static thing. We should never allow along-term goal to limit us or our course of action.附翻譯：試題目標分為三種：短期目標、中期目標和長期目標。短期目標是那些通常處理當前活動的目標，我 們可以每天應用。這樣的目標可以在一周或更短的時間內(nèi)實現(xiàn)，或者兩周，或者可能是幾個月。應該記 住，正如一座建筑不比它的地基更堅固，如果沒有堅實的短期目標，我們的長期目標就不可能有多大成 就。在完成我們的短期目標后，我們應該確定時機，然后在已經(jīng)完成的目標的基礎上添加新的短期目標。 中期目標建立在短期目標的基礎上。他們可能只處理一
34、個學期或整個學年，甚至可以延長幾年。任何時 候你一步一步走，永遠不要讓自己灰心喪氣或不知所措。當您完成每一步時，您將堅信自己有能力成長 和成功。隨著您的完成日期列表的增加，您的動力和愿望也會增加。長期目標可能與我們對未來的夢想 有關。它們可能涵蓋五年或更長時間。生活不是一成不變的東西。我們絕不應該讓長期目標限制我們或 我們的行動方針。21. Short-term goals are the ones that.答案keep you engaged on a daily basisThe medium-range goals arc built upon.答案the completion of
35、the short-term goals23.0nce we set ourselves long-term goals,.答案wc may change our goals as wc have new ideas and opportunitiesWhat does the wordstaticmean in the last paragraph?答案nol movingWhich of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?答案Short-term goals all help in achieving you
36、r long-term goals.附翻譯：21. 短期目標是o答案讓您每天都參與其中22. 中期目標建立在之上。答案短期目標的完成一旦我們?yōu)樽约涸O定了長期目標，o答案我們可能會改變我們的目標，因另液們看新的想法和機會最后一段中的“靜態(tài)是什么意思？答案不動根據(jù)文章，下列哪項陳述是正確的？答案短期目標都有助于實現(xiàn)您的長期目標。試題The road system in Beijings central business district (CBD) is being re-designed to make public transportation easy and improve efficie
37、ncy.Plans for 45 roads within the CBD have been approved, measuring 41.5 kilometers in total. In addition to public buses, free or low price shuttle buses from residence areas to subway stations will also be provided for commuters.This is just over four times the number of roads opened in 2007, and
38、w山 add another 15.5 km to the existing road network.Besides roads, an underground traffic system has also been operating, which includes four new subway lines beneath the CBD.The underground connection system is made up of two levels. The first underground floor is set aside mainly for pedestrians a
39、nd commercial facilities, while the second underground floor is planned for parking.The city has also invested 140 million yuan to set up a traffic inquiry system, through which the public can check traffic conditions online and see the most convenient routes on their GPS system. In the future, the
40、CBD will be fully covered by an intelligent traffic control system.附翻譯：，-試題3匕京中央商務區(qū)(CBD)的道路系統(tǒng)正在重新設計，以簡化公共交通并提高效率。CBD內(nèi)45條道路的規(guī)劃已獲批準，總長41. 5公里。除公共巴士外，還將為通勤者提供從住宅區(qū)到 地鐵站的免費或低價穿梭巴士。這只是2007年開通的道路數(shù)量的四倍多，并將在現(xiàn)有道路網(wǎng)絡中再增加15. 5公里。除道路外，地下交通系統(tǒng)也已投入運營，其中包括CBDT方的四條新地鐵線。地下連接系統(tǒng)由兩層組成。地下一層主要為人行道和商業(yè)設施預留，地下二層規(guī)劃為停車場。該市還投資1.4
41、億元建立了交通查詢系統(tǒng)，市民可以通過該系統(tǒng)在線查詢交通狀況，并在GPS系統(tǒng) 上查看最便捷的路線。未來，智能交通控制系統(tǒng)將全面覆蓋CBD。操作提示：通過題干后的下拉框選擇題目的正確答案。1. The road system in Beijings downtown area is being to make public transportation easy and improve efficiency.答案Jdcsigncd againAn underground system including new subway lines beneath the CBD has been operating.答案4The underground connection system consists oflevel(s).答案【woCBD stands for.答案Cenlral Business DistrictBeijing has set upfor people to
1378國開電大本科《管理英語3》期末考試第三題閱讀之選擇題庫(珍藏版).docx
