高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法專練 專題五 時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致課件 外研版

《高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法專練 專題五 時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致課件 外研版》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法專練 專題五 時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致課件 外研版（65頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、專題五時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致考向分析考向分析動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致是高考的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn),有的試題單獨(dú)考查的是某種時(shí)態(tài)的用法,如一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等,而有的試題會(huì)把時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致融合起來(lái)進(jìn)行考查,也有的試題綜合性很強(qiáng),會(huì)把時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致三個(gè)考點(diǎn)融合在一個(gè)小題中進(jìn)行考查?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)三 主謂一致主謂一致本專題考點(diǎn)本專題考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)一時(shí)態(tài)一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的一般體一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的一般體單句填空單句填空1.(2017全國(guó)卷)Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt; by eating m

2、ore fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.答案答案is題干描述的是客觀事實(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),結(jié)合主語(yǔ)可知,is符合題意。故空格處填is。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用2.Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I will call (call) him later.答案答案will call句意:Jackson博士現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。好的。我稍后給他打電話。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)對(duì)話中的later一詞可知用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。3.(20

3、17江西九江一中第一次月考) This city never sleeps (sleep).答案答案sleeps句意:這個(gè)城市是個(gè)不夜城。本句介紹的是該城市現(xiàn)在的特征,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)this city為單數(shù)第三人稱,故設(shè)空處填sleeps。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.(2017江西紅色七校二聯(lián))We spend a few hours digging holes and plant-ing the young seedlings, and then we wrote our wishes on cards one by one and buried them under the roots of

4、 the trees. spendspent 答案答案spendspent句意:我們花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)挖坑,種幼苗。然后我們一個(gè)接一個(gè)地將我們的愿望寫在卡片上并將它們埋在樹(shù)根下面。根據(jù)“wrote”,“buried”可知spend發(fā)生在過(guò)去,需用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故將spend改為spent。1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用動(dòng)詞的原形表示,如果主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù),則一般在動(dòng)詞原形后加 -s或 -es。2)be的變化:am,is,are。3)have的變化:has,have。(2)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)除了可以表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)外,還有以下兩種用法:1)表示客觀真

5、理、科學(xué)事實(shí)及自然現(xiàn)象。此用法即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去語(yǔ)境中,也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。用法精講用法精講The sun rises in the east.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。2)用于here,there開(kāi)頭的倒裝句中,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。There goes the bell.鈴響了。Here comes the bus.公共汽車來(lái)了。2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示。2)was用于第一、三人稱單數(shù),were用于其他人稱。3)注意以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,一般直接加-ed,如:playplayed。(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法一般過(guò)去時(shí)除了可以表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常性、

6、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)外,還有下列用法:1)want,hope,think,intend等動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往表示“過(guò)去原”之意。I thought he was an honest man.我原以為他是個(gè)老實(shí)人。He didnt intend to hurt you.他沒(méi)打算傷害你。2)wonder的一般過(guò)去時(shí)有時(shí)也可表示現(xiàn)在的行為,但口氣要比用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)更加委婉、客氣。I wondered if you could do me a favour.我不知道你能否幫我一個(gè)忙。3)used to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再發(fā)生了。We used to spend our vacat

7、ion in the mountains.我們以前常常在山里度假。(暗示現(xiàn)在不再在山里度假了)3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)(1)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成1)shall+動(dòng)詞原形(第一人稱)2)will+動(dòng)詞原形(各種人稱)(2)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法一般將來(lái)時(shí)除了可以表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)外,還有下列用法:1)will+動(dòng)詞原形will可用來(lái)表示事物的固有屬性或必然趨勢(shì)。Fish will die without water.離開(kāi)水,魚(yú)就會(huì)死。will表示將來(lái),有時(shí)含偶然性、臨時(shí)性決定的意思。Do you know Mr.Smith has come to our town?No.I will go and visit h

8、im right now.你知道史密斯先生來(lái)我們鎮(zhèn)了嗎?不知道。我現(xiàn)在就去看他。2)be going to+動(dòng)詞原形“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”多用在口語(yǔ)中,表示“計(jì)劃、打算要做某事”,此外,be going to還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行推斷。He is going to speak on TV this evening.他今晚要在電視上講話。Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看這些烏云,要下雨了。注意:was going to還可表示“過(guò)去本打算做某事,但未做”的意思。Tom,you didnt come to the p

9、arty last night?I was going to,but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.湯姆,你昨天晚上沒(méi)來(lái)參加聚會(huì)嗎?我本打算要來(lái)的,但是我突然記起來(lái)我有作業(yè)要做。3)be about to+動(dòng)詞原形/be on the point of+動(dòng)名詞“be about to+動(dòng)詞原形”及“be on the point of+動(dòng)名詞”表示“立即的將來(lái)(immediate future)”,因此,這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)不與表示將來(lái)的具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,但可以和并列連詞when(=and at that time)引出的分句連用。The trai

10、n is about to start.火車就要開(kāi)了。The plane is on the point of taking off.飛機(jī)馬上就要起飛了。4)有些動(dòng)詞如come,go,arrive,leave,begin,start等,其現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排近期將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Im leaving for Beijing next month.下個(gè)月我要去北京。5)某些動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示計(jì)劃、安排將要做的事情,這種用法常常用于介紹火車時(shí)刻表、飛機(jī)時(shí)刻表、作息安排表等內(nèi)容。We must hurry up.The first class begins at 8 oclock.我們必須

11、快點(diǎn)。第一節(jié)課將在8點(diǎn)開(kāi)始。6)be to+動(dòng)詞原形表示“按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事”。When are you to leave for home?你什么時(shí)候回家?She is to get married next month.她將于下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。The Queen is to visit Japan in a weeks time.女王將于一周后訪問(wèn)日本。表示“應(yīng)該”,相當(dāng)于should,ought to。You are to report it to the police.你應(yīng)該報(bào)警。這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可用于過(guò)去時(shí)。was/were to do sth.表示曾經(jīng)計(jì)劃要做的事,但不表明計(jì)劃是否被執(zhí)行,或

12、表示命運(yùn)(即命中注定要發(fā)生的事);was/were to have done sth.表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的計(jì)劃。I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.我感到緊張,因?yàn)槲液芸炀鸵状坞x開(kāi)家了。They said goodbye,little knowing that they were never to meet again.他們告了別,一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)想到以后再也不會(huì)見(jiàn)面了。We were to have told you,but you were not in.我們本來(lái)想告訴你的,但是你不在家。What is

13、to be done?應(yīng)該怎么辦呢?表示“想,打算”,相當(dāng)于intend,want。If we are to be there before ten,well have to go now.如果我們要在10點(diǎn)前到那兒,我們現(xiàn)在就得走。4.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(1)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成should/would+動(dòng)詞原形(2)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事情。He said he would be here at eight oclock.他說(shuō)他將在八點(diǎn)鐘到這里。二、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的進(jìn)行體二、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的進(jìn)行體單句填空單句填空1.I was driving (drive) down to L

14、ondon when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.答案答案was driving句意:我正在開(kāi)車前往倫敦的路上,突然發(fā)現(xiàn)我走錯(cuò)路了。根據(jù)句意可知此處是be doing.when.句型,表示“正在做這時(shí)/那時(shí)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用2.Hurry up!Mark and Carol are expecting (expect)us.答案答案are expecting句意:快點(diǎn)!Mark和Carol正等著咱們呢。根據(jù)題干中的Hurry up可知此處表達(dá)expect的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中。3.Jane cant atte

15、nd the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she will be teaching (teach) a class at that time.答案答案will be teaching句意:今天下午三點(diǎn)Jane不能出席會(huì)議,因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)她將正在上課。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“at 3 oclock this afternoon”和“at that time”可知,設(shè)空處表示的是將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,故用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.I live in London and Im look forward to the next holiday.

16、looklooking 答案答案looklooking句意:我生活在倫敦,正盼望著下一個(gè)假日?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)為“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”。1.進(jìn)行體的構(gòu)成(1)考綱對(duì)進(jìn)行體所要求掌握的時(shí)態(tài)包括:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí),它們的形式分別為:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí):will/shall+be+現(xiàn)在分詞(2)現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成形式:用法精講用法精講情況規(guī)則例詞一般情況 加-ingtrytrying以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞雙寫輔音字母加-ingregretregrettingbanbanning以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞去掉e,加-

17、ing hatehatingdatedating2.進(jìn)行體的用法(1)進(jìn)行體表示某一時(shí)刻或階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),具有暫時(shí)性和未完性的特點(diǎn)。I dont really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary ar-rives.我并不在這里上班,我只是來(lái)幫忙,直到新秘書(shū)來(lái)了(我就走)。(暫時(shí)性)I am reading the book. I will finish it in a week.我正在讀那本書(shū)。一周后我就會(huì)讀完了。(未完性)(2)表示某階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或發(fā)生的事,雖然說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作不一定正在進(jìn)行,常與t

18、hese days,this week等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 We are making model planes these days. 這些天我們?cè)谥谱黠w機(jī)模型。(此時(shí)此刻不一定在做)(3)表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情緒,常與always,continually,constantly,forever,all the time等連用。He is always thinking of others first.他總是先想到他人。He is always making the same mistake.他總是犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。(4)有些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行體可以表示將來(lái)。(見(jiàn)“一般將來(lái)

19、時(shí)的用法”部分)(5)有些動(dòng)詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),常見(jiàn)的有:1)感覺(jué)類:look,smell,feel,sound,taste,see,hear等。 The soup tastes good.(不可說(shuō):The soup is tasting good.)這湯嘗起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。 Your hands feel cold.(不可說(shuō):Your hands are feeling cold.)你的手摸起來(lái)很涼。2)情感類:like,love,prefer,admire,hate,fear,adore等。 I love my dad and mum.(不可說(shuō):I am loving my dad and mum.

20、) 我愛(ài)爸爸媽媽。3)心態(tài)類:wish,hope,want,need,believe,understand,agree,know,remember,forget等。 I dont believe my eyes.(不可說(shuō):I am not believing my eyes.)我不相信我的眼睛。4)存在狀態(tài)類:appear,lie(位于),remain,belong,have等。 Those books belong to Mr.Li.(不可說(shuō):Those books are belonging to Mr.Li.)那些書(shū)是李先生的。三、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的完成體三、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的完成體單句填空單句填空1.

21、I have read (read)half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend. 答案答案have read句意:這本英文小說(shuō)我已經(jīng)讀了一半了,我將盡力在周末把它讀完。根據(jù)句意可知,動(dòng)作read發(fā)生在過(guò)去,對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用2.Silk had become (become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 答案答案had become句意:到大約公元前100年絲綢已成為

22、沿絲綢之路交易的主要貨物之一。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by about 100 BC可知“be-come”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。3.It is reported that China will have completed (complete) its first orbiting space station by around 2022.答案答案will have completed句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,到2022年左右中國(guó)將建成第一個(gè)軌道太空站。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by around 2022可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。0單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.My favourite band is Rol

23、ling Stones, which had produced 40 albums since 1966. hadhas 答案答案hadhas根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since 1966可推知這里應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故將had改為has。1.完成體的構(gòu)成考綱對(duì)完成體所要求掌握的時(shí)態(tài)包括:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、將來(lái)完成時(shí)。其形式分別為:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):have/has+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去完成時(shí):had+過(guò)去分詞將來(lái)完成時(shí):will/shall have done2.完成體的用法(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還將持續(xù)下去)。表示從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)有:late

24、ly,recently,in the last/past few days/years(在過(guò)去的幾天/年里),since then,up to now,so far(至今)等。用法精講用法精講In the past few years,great changes have taken place in my hometown.在過(guò)去的幾年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。He has written 8 books so far.到目前為止,他已經(jīng)寫了8本書(shū)了。2)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響,注意這時(shí)說(shuō)話者說(shuō)話的重心在過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響上。常用的狀語(yǔ)有:already,just(剛

25、剛),yet,before 等。He has turned off the light.(=The light is off now.)他已經(jīng)關(guān)掉燈了。The concert has started.(=The concert is on now.)音樂(lè)會(huì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。I have already seen the film.(=I know the film now.)我已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了。3)在“最高級(jí)+名詞”或“It/This is+the first/second.time”之后的定語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is the first time(that)I have co

26、me here.這是我第一次來(lái)這里。This is the best tea(that) I have ever drunk.這是我喝過(guò)的最好的茶了。4)瞬間動(dòng)詞又叫非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、終止性動(dòng)詞。瞬間動(dòng)詞可以用于完成時(shí)態(tài),但不可以接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ);若要接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),需要做一些相應(yīng)的變換。瞬間動(dòng)詞的否定式可以接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。()He has come to Beijing since last year.()He has lived in Beijing since last year.()He has joined the army for 3 years.()He has se

27、rved in the army for 3 years.()He joined the army 3 years ago.()He has been a soldier for 3 years.()It is 3 years since he joined the army.()He has joined the army.常見(jiàn)的瞬間動(dòng)詞(詞組)有:come,go,get to/reach/arrive at/in,leave,buy,sell,open,close,get up,join/take part in,begin/start,return/give,borrow/lend,be

28、-come/turn,bring/take,die,finish/end,receive/hear from,marry,break,lose,jump 等。部分非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的轉(zhuǎn)換:買buyhave 借borrowkeep結(jié)婚get marriedbe married認(rèn)識(shí)get to knowknow離開(kāi)leavebe away回來(lái)come backbe back生病fall illbe ill死亡diebe dead關(guān)閉turn offbe off打開(kāi)turn onbe on動(dòng)身leave forbe off to變成becomebe返回returnbe back

29、開(kāi)始beginbe on睡覺(jué)go to bedsleep穿put onhave on/wear來(lái)/去come/gobe in/away參加joinbe a member of感冒take/get/catch a coldhave a cold入睡go to sleepbe asleep到達(dá)get to/arrive in(at)/reachbe in(2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)1)一件事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,而另外一件事情先于它發(fā)生(即表“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”),那么發(fā)生在前的動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。She had learned some English before she came to the institute.她

30、在來(lái)這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)前已學(xué)過(guò)一些英語(yǔ)了。He said that he had been abroad for 3 years.他說(shuō)他在國(guó)外待了3年了。2)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:by/until/before/by the end of+“表過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間”。By then he had learned English for 3 years.到那時(shí),他已學(xué)了3年英語(yǔ)了。Until then he had known nothing about it yet.到那時(shí)為止,他對(duì)此仍一無(wú)所知。3)表示愿望、打算的詞,如:hope,expect,mean,

31、intend,want,suppose 等,其過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。I had hoped to see more of Shanghai.我本希望在上海多看看。(但未能如愿)I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at that moment.我本打算幫你的,但當(dāng)時(shí)我太忙了。I had thought you would come the next day.我原以為你第二天會(huì)來(lái)。4)用于某些固定句型中:Hardly/Scarcely/Barely.when.和No sooner.than.句型中,when和than 從句里用一般

32、過(guò)去時(shí),主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),且用倒裝,表示“剛剛就”。Hardly/No sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down.我剛到家,雨就傾盆而下。Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我們才剛剛出發(fā),汽車的一個(gè)輪胎就癟了。It was/had been+一段時(shí)間+since 從句。since 從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我們有10年沒(méi)那么高興過(guò)了。That/It/Thi

33、s was the first/second.time+that 從句。that 從句的謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.那是他第三次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。That was the first time that I had passed the exam.那是我第一次考試及格。(3)將來(lái)完成時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成,常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為“by+將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間”。By this time of next year,all of you will have become college

34、students.到明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候,你們大家就都成為大學(xué)生了。四、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的完成進(jìn)行體四、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的完成進(jìn)行體單句填空單句填空1.Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars. We have been waiting (wait)here for more than two hours.答案答案have been waiting 句意:打擾了,你們?cè)诘饶牟侩娪?新拍的星球大戰(zhàn)。我們已經(jīng)在這兒等了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)了。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。設(shè)空處表示該動(dòng)作從兩個(gè)多小時(shí)前一直持續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí),而且可能持續(xù)下去,因此用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

35、語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用2.Dashan, who has been learning (learn)crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 答案答案has been learning 句意:大山學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)喜劇形式相聲已經(jīng)幾十年了,他想把它與西方的單口喜劇傳統(tǒng)結(jié)合起來(lái)。根據(jù)句意以及for decades可知,學(xué)習(xí)這一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在,并且現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí);主語(yǔ)Dashan為第三人稱單數(shù),故答案為

36、has been learning。3.(2015福建卷)Where is Peter? I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and has been writing (write) his essay there ever since.答案答案has been writing根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ever since可知,write這一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.Since the time humankind started gardening, we ha

37、d been trying to make our environment more beautiful. hadhave 答案答案hadhave句意:自從人類開(kāi)創(chuàng)園藝工作以來(lái),我們一直在努力使我們的環(huán)境更加美麗。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)境可知,try這一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且有可能繼續(xù)下去,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。完成進(jìn)行體完成進(jìn)行體1.考綱對(duì)完成進(jìn)行體所要求掌握的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),其形式為:have/has+been+doing。2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的組合,因此,它既具備現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特征,又具備現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特征,如:它具備進(jìn)行體的“未完性、暫時(shí)性、感情色彩”的特點(diǎn)。

38、He has been learning English for 6 years.他學(xué)英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)6年了。(從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué))It has been raining for 3 days.已經(jīng)下了三天雨了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話者“抱怨”的感情色彩)用法精講用法精講考點(diǎn)二語(yǔ)態(tài)考點(diǎn)二語(yǔ)態(tài)單句填空單句填空1.When fat and salt are removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.答案答案are removed主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

39、故空格處填are removed。2.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he was being followed (follow).答案答案was being followed句意:他匆忙往家趕,從未回頭看看是否有人跟著他。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致。根據(jù)句意可知,設(shè)空處是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且表示當(dāng)時(shí)正在被跟蹤,從句中主語(yǔ)為he,故填was be-ing followed。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用3.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their effo

40、rts will be rewarded (reward)with success in the end. 答案答案will be rewarded句意:學(xué)生們一直都很努力學(xué)習(xí)功課,最終回報(bào)他們的努力的將是成功。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知設(shè)空處需用一般將來(lái)時(shí);their efforts與reward之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。綜上所述,答案應(yīng)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.(2017河南天一大聯(lián)考)Seeing this, I touched and appreciated the kindness he brought to the world. touchedwas touched 答案答

41、案touchedwas touched句意:看到這個(gè),我很受感動(dòng),并對(duì)他給世界帶來(lái)的善良表示感謝。主語(yǔ)I與touch之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);根據(jù)appreciated可知需在touched前加was。5.The food was tasted good and we had fun together. 去掉去掉was 答案答案去掉was句意:食物味道鮮美,我們?cè)谝黄疬^(guò)得很快樂(lè)。taste在本句中為系動(dòng)詞,沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故將was去掉。(一一)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成英語(yǔ)中的及物動(dòng)詞一般都有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種形式。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是無(wú)標(biāo)記的,而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則是有標(biāo)記的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)

42、詞be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be隨著主語(yǔ)的人稱、數(shù)和句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣的不同而變化。幾種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式見(jiàn)下表:用法精講用法精講時(shí)體現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)一般is/am/are donewas/were donewill/shall be done would/should be done進(jìn)行is/am/are being done was/were being done 完成have/has been donehad been done完成進(jìn)行 2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法(1)不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,或沒(méi)有必要指明誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。The window is dirty.I know.It ha

43、snt been cleaned for weeks.窗戶臟了。我知道。好幾周沒(méi)人擦了。(2)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者或事件本身。All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.除了經(jīng)理以外,所有的雇員都被鼓勵(lì)在家網(wǎng)上辦公。(3)在文章標(biāo)題、廣告、新聞中。Girls Wanted!招女工!Five-Year-Old Boy Kidnapped!五歲男童遭到綁架!(4)當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)。The number of deaths from heart disease will be red

44、uced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.如果人們被說(shuō)服了吃更多的水果和蔬菜,那么死于心臟病的人數(shù)將大大減少。3.注意動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常被人嘲笑。The plan will be given up.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃就要被放棄了。Bad habits have been done away with.壞習(xí)慣已經(jīng)改掉了。(注意:在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中,切不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞)He must be prevente

45、d from going.必須阻止他去。The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃應(yīng)該盡早執(zhí)行。(謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)是:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞)4.“get+過(guò)去分詞”可以表示被動(dòng),此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語(yǔ)化The patient got treated once a week.那位病人一周接受一次治療。He fell off the car and got killed.他從汽車上掉下來(lái),摔死了。(二)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義1.“系動(dòng)詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,turn,

46、stay,become,get,grow,keep等+形容詞/名詞”構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。The steel feels cold.鋼摸起來(lái)很涼。It has gone bad.它已經(jīng)變質(zhì)了。2.表示開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move 等。Work began at 7 oclock this morning.今天早上7點(diǎn)鐘開(kāi)始工作的。The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.這個(gè)商店每天下午6點(diǎn)關(guān)門。3.表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞,如read,write,act,iron,c

47、ut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,cook,lock,dry,eat,drink等。這類動(dòng)詞一般不單獨(dú)使用,常有一個(gè)修飾語(yǔ)。This coat dries easily.這件外套容易干。Nylon cleans easily.尼龍容易洗干凈。Your article reads very well.你的文章讀起來(lái)很不錯(cuò)。This material has worn thin.這個(gè)材料已經(jīng)磨薄了。The match wont catch.這根火柴擦不著。The plan worked out wonderfully.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃進(jìn)展得很好。4.少數(shù)動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí),

48、其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義,如print,cook,sell等。The meat is cooking.肉正在燉著。考點(diǎn)三主謂一致考點(diǎn)三主謂一致一、就近原則中的主謂一致一、就近原則中的主謂一致單句填空單句填空1.Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.答案答案is當(dāng)either.or.連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)采取就近原則,即與空前的one保持一致;結(jié)合句尾的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)tomorrow可知,is(be to do是一般將來(lái)時(shí)的一種表達(dá)方法)符合題意。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用

49、2.At present, not only Mary and I but also Jane is (be) tired of having one exam after another.答案答案isnot only.but also.連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與就近的主語(yǔ)保持一致;根據(jù)句首的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)境可知,空格處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),結(jié)合空前的Jane可知,空格處填is。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)3.Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught;within the next few minutes, my gr

50、andfather also caught a fish. werewas 答案答案werewas在there be句型中,be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與就近的名詞保持一致,故were改為was。主謂一致的三原則包括語(yǔ)法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則,其中采用就近原則的主要是一些常用句式,如not only.but also.,not.but.,either.or.,neither.nor.等,這些句式在連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)需要與最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。用法精講用法精講二、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)時(shí)的主謂一致二、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)時(shí)的主謂一致單句填空單句填空1.Nowadays, cycling,

51、along with jogging and swimming, is regarded (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.答案答案is regarded句意:現(xiàn)如今,與慢跑和游泳一起,騎自行車運(yùn)動(dòng)被視為最好的、全面的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式之一。設(shè)空處是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)與regard之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。句子的主語(yǔ)是cycling, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowadays可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2.It is because we are different and each of us is (be)special.答案答案

52、is句意:那是因?yàn)槲覀兣c眾不同,我們每個(gè)人都很特殊?！癳ach of.”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用單數(shù)形式,故答案為is。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用3.(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is (be) often acceptable.答案答案is句意:把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)“Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,結(jié)合空后的often和語(yǔ)境可知,空格處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.

53、 (2017河南豫南九校質(zhì)量考評(píng)) Every one of you are encouraged to visit it. areis 答案答案areis句意:我們鼓勵(lì)你們每個(gè)人都來(lái)參觀它。主語(yǔ)是Every one of you,因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用is而非are。下列情況作主語(yǔ)時(shí)下列情況作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù):1.不定式、動(dòng)名詞或主語(yǔ)從句(若what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句意義上表示復(fù)數(shù)或what從句有兩個(gè)(以上)的動(dòng)詞,是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù))作主語(yǔ)時(shí);2.“many a+單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);3.“more than one+單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);4.each/eit

54、her/neither/another作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí);5.“a kind of/a sort of/a type of/a pair of/a piece of+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);6.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/most/some/half+of+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);7.學(xué)科名詞、以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞、以-s結(jié)尾的書(shū)名或報(bào)紙雜志名、地名等作主語(yǔ)時(shí);用法精講用法精講8.不定代詞something/somebody/everything/everybody/anything/anybody/nothing/nobody等作主語(yǔ)時(shí);9.and 連接的兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)指同一人、同一物、同一整體或同一概念時(shí);and

55、連接的兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)前有each,every,many a,no等詞修飾時(shí);10.“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/a little/little/much/a great deal of/a good deal of/a large amount of+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);11.“the number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);“the amount of+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);“the quantity of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);12.“單數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)代詞+but/besides/except/including/like/with/along wit

56、h/as well as/rather than/such as/together with+名詞或代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)的主謂一致三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)的主謂一致單句填空單句填空1.(2016全國(guó))Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were (be) too violent for use at the table.答案答案were根據(jù)句中的believed可知,此處描述的是過(guò)去的情況,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí);從句的主語(yǔ)是knives,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故空格處填were。2.The number

57、of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were (be) absent for different reasons.答案答案were結(jié)合空前的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)可知,空格處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),而a number of作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故空格處填were。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用3.About 60 percent of the students are from the south; the rest of them are (be) from the north and foreign countries.答案答案are根據(jù)空前的語(yǔ)境可知

58、,空格處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài);“the rest+of+復(fù)數(shù)代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故空格處填are。 單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.Luckily I had all my money in my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on; It felt very strange to travel without any luggage. waswere 答案答案waswerethe only clothes為主語(yǔ),“I had”是其定語(yǔ)從句,之前省略了關(guān)系代詞,故was使用錯(cuò)誤,應(yīng)改為were。下列情況作主語(yǔ)時(shí)下列情況作

59、主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù):1.集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)如果側(cè)重其中的個(gè)體成員,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);2.“(large) quantities of+可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);3.地理名稱,如群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等地理名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí);4.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/most/some/half+of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);5.以-s結(jié)尾的clothes,goods,contents,sales,the Olympic Games等作主語(yǔ)時(shí);6.“several/few/a few/many/a great many/a good many/a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí);用法精講用法精講

60、7.“the+形容詞或過(guò)去分詞”作主語(yǔ)表示一類人時(shí),謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù),如the blind,the dead,the injured,the old;8.一些由兩個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)部分組成一體的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),如chop-sticks,compasses,glasses,scissors,shoes,socks,trousers,boots等(若此類名詞被“a suit of/a pair of”修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式則由單位詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定)。四、定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致四、定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)1.(2017山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體一模)As students, we often take

61、exams at school, and sometimes we have many exams that is too difficult for us. isare 答案答案isare句意:作為學(xué)生,我們?cè)趯W(xué)校經(jīng)常參加考試。有時(shí)我們會(huì)有很多對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)很難的考試?！皌hat is too difficult for us”為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為exams,引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),故需將is改為are。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用單句填空單句填空2.Barbara is easy to recognize, as shes the only one of the girls who wears (wea

62、r) school uniform. 答案答案wearsthe only one是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞(如果one前沒(méi)有修飾語(yǔ)the only,則girls為先行詞),關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),空格處作為定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)在單復(fù)數(shù)方面與先行詞保持一致,且空格處表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,因此應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故空格處填wears。3.The university estimates that living expenses for international students are around $8,450 a year, which is (be) a burden for some of them.

63、答案答案is句意:那所大學(xué)估計(jì),國(guó)際學(xué)生的生活費(fèi)用是每年8450美元左右,這對(duì)于其中的一些人來(lái)說(shuō)是一種負(fù)擔(dān)。逗號(hào)后which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為整個(gè)主句,空格處為定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,而空格處描述的是客觀事實(shí),因此應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。有的試題考查的是定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式,此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞who,that,as或which在從句中作主語(yǔ),那么從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。在答題時(shí),需要分析好句子結(jié)構(gòu),找準(zhǔn)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,判斷好關(guān)系詞在從句中的具體作用,并結(jié)合主謂一致的相關(guān)知識(shí)才能確定答案。用法精講用法精講五、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致五、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致單

64、句填空單句填空1.It is what the pupils do in their spare time that really prepares (prepare) them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up.答案答案prepares題干整體上是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,對(duì)主語(yǔ)從句“what the pupils do in their spare time”進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)調(diào),而主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式;結(jié)合空后的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)境可知,空格處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故空格處填prepares。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用2.It is

65、 you, rather than he, that are (be) to blame for the accident.答案答案are該句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,對(duì)主語(yǔ)you進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)調(diào),故空格處的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與you保持一致;結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,空格處填are。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+其他”。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中,如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是句子的主語(yǔ),則who/that之后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)保持一致。在做相關(guān)試題時(shí),需要先判斷題干整體上是否屬于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,然后再結(jié)合主謂一致知識(shí)進(jìn)一步分析判斷。用法精講用法精講技巧點(diǎn)撥技巧點(diǎn)撥時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致是高考中的重要考查項(xiàng)目。如:例

66、1The sun was setting when my car broke (break)down near a remote village.例2Hes been given six months to live if he doesnt quit drinking (drink).例3People stepped on your feet or pushed (push)you with their elbows, hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.例4All the visitors to this village were treated (treat)with kindness a week ago.例5This is the first time that I have come (come)here.例6She must had a lot of problems with the language.(改錯(cuò))hadhave1.在語(yǔ)篇型填空中,對(duì)于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查主要是給出動(dòng)詞原形,要求考生根據(jù)上下文用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?。做此類題時(shí),首先要弄