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1、數(shù)詞和代詞學(xué)員姓名： 年級(jí)：九年級(jí) 輔導(dǎo)科目：英 語(yǔ) 學(xué)科教師： 授課日期授課時(shí)段08：00-10:00授課主題名詞專項(xiàng)數(shù)詞專項(xiàng)教學(xué)內(nèi)容課前回顧1. 單詞默寫2. 作業(yè)講解知識(shí)梳理知識(shí)點(diǎn)1：數(shù)詞I 數(shù)詞的用法 （一）概說(shuō)：英語(yǔ)的數(shù)詞可分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩大類?；鶖?shù)詞表示的是人或事物的個(gè)數(shù)，而序數(shù)詞表示的是這些數(shù)目的順序。1基數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞，下面是最常用的基數(shù)詞：1 one 11 eleven 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty5 five 15 fift
2、een 50 fifty6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety10 ten100 one(a) hundred 百1 000 one(a) thousand 千10 000 ten thousand 萬(wàn)100 000 one(a) hundred thousand 十萬(wàn)1 000 000 one(a) million 百萬(wàn)2序數(shù)詞：序數(shù)詞表示事物的順序，往往與定冠詞the連用。常用的序數(shù)詞如下：序數(shù)詞縮寫序數(shù)
3、詞縮寫firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtieththirty-fifthfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredth20th21st30th35th40th50th60th70th80th90th100th（二）數(shù)詞的某些用法：1、表示計(jì)量：表示事物的計(jì)量，即事物的長(zhǎng)度、寬度、深度和高
4、度，應(yīng)采用基數(shù)詞。如：It is 50 metres/kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high).它有50米/千米/英里長(zhǎng)（寬、深、高）。 2、表示編號(hào)：編號(hào)的數(shù)字如果過小，可用序數(shù)詞或基數(shù)詞表示；如果數(shù)字較大，通常用基數(shù)詞表示。如：The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten 第10課Room 405 第405號(hào)房 Page 215 第215頁(yè)No.14 Middle School 第14中學(xué)Telephone NO.5855806 電話： 5855806II 數(shù)詞重難點(diǎn)【重點(diǎn)】3、表示不確切的數(shù)字：基數(shù)詞后面直接加上復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示精確的數(shù)字，而
5、基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式加上“of” 表示不確切的數(shù)字。如： five hundred students 500名學(xué)生two thousand people 2000人five dozen pencils 5打鉛筆hundreds of students 幾百名學(xué)生millions of workers 成千上萬(wàn)的工人scores of chairs 幾十張椅子數(shù)詞單位hundred, thousand, million等表示確定數(shù)目時(shí)，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：five hundred children（五百名兒童）。但這些詞用來(lái)表示“數(shù)百，數(shù)千，數(shù)百萬(wàn)”等不確定數(shù)目時(shí)，要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面加of，再接名詞。
6、如：hundreds and thousands of stars（成千上萬(wàn)顆星星）。注意：1. 在前面有about（大約），more than, over ,several時(shí)，一定要用確數(shù)。例如 There are more than 17 million people in Shanghai now. 現(xiàn)今上海有1700多萬(wàn)人。 2. Two hundred of the students are girls. 確切數(shù)目后加of，表示總數(shù)當(dāng)中有200個(gè)學(xué)生是女生。4、表示年齡和歲數(shù)1）表示年齡的主要句式如下： He is a boy of 10 yeas old. 他是個(gè)10歲的男孩子。
7、He is 10 yeas old. 他10 歲。 At the age of ten, he began to learn English. 他10歲開始學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 He is 10(years of age). 他10 歲。 He is a ten-year-old boy. 他是個(gè)10歲的男孩子。2) 介詞in+ ones twenties (thirties) 表示 “在某人20多歲（30多歲）”。如：My father is in his fifties. 我爸爸50多歲。When he was in his forties, he began to learn English. 當(dāng)他
8、40多歲時(shí)，他開始學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 注意區(qū)分：on ones twentieth birthday on the twentieth floor 【難點(diǎn)】5、表示年代：表示什么世紀(jì)，什么年代時(shí)，通常在數(shù)詞后加s或s，并在年代前加定冠詞the ,如1980s（20世紀(jì)80年代），讀作：nineteen eighties. 如：His grandfather died in the 1970s。 他爺爺死于20世紀(jì)70年代?！局攸c(diǎn)】6、表示分?jǐn)?shù)：分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式是：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。分子是one時(shí)，分母不必加s; 分 子大于one時(shí)，分母要加s.如： a(=one) third 三分之一 one
9、fifth 五分之一two thirds 三分之二 three fourths 四分之三Two thirds of the trees were cut down the years ago.10年前三分之二的樹木被砍伐了。7、表示百分?jǐn)?shù)：百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式是：基數(shù)詞+ percent（單數(shù)形式）+of+名詞。如：Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities. 我班30%的學(xué)生來(lái)自城市。About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water. 大約61%的表面被水覆蓋著。隨堂練
10、習(xí)：I 15年二模1. More than ten _ tourists went to see the flower show on that day. A) thousand B) thousands C) thousands of D) thousand of2. About two _ people watch e-sports competitions and cheer on their favorite teams. A) million B) millions C) million of D) millions of3. He took up learning German i
11、n his early _. A) sixty B) sixtieth C) sixties D) the sixties AACII 15年一模1.Here are _ different methods to help you fall asleep.A. few B. littleC. muchD. several2. The topic “Food Safety” receives _ Internet hits (點(diǎn)擊) from customers every day. A: thousands B: thousandC: thousand of D: thousands of3.
12、 _ information comes to the centre from all over the word all the tome.A. Huge amounts of B. Large numbers of C. Many D. A few4.I hear one-fourth of the books in our school _ new. Lets go and borrow some.A) amB) isC) areD) be5. We are in Junior Three. Every weekend we have_homework to do.A) many B)
13、quite a few C) huge amounts of D) a great number of6. Water covers more than_of the Earths surface.A) three-fourth B) three-four C) three-fourths D) third-fourthsDDACCC知識(shí)點(diǎn)2 名詞一、名詞的分類：名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞。1、專有名詞：個(gè)人，地方,機(jī)構(gòu)等專有名稱，如：China, Shanghai, Li lei等。2、普通名詞： 1）個(gè)體名詞：某類人或東西中的個(gè)體，如 fighter, gun, country等。 2）集
14、體名詞：若干個(gè)體組成的集合體，如 family, team, police, class等。 3）物質(zhì)名詞：無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的實(shí)物，如 cotton，tea, air等。4）抽象名詞：動(dòng)作, 狀態(tài), 品質(zhì), 感情等抽象概念. 如 health, happiness等。二、名詞的數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞都有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分；不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式?！局攸c(diǎn)】1、規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則：1）一般情況加 s ：books，mouths，houses，girls等。2）以 s，sh，ch，x結(jié)尾的加 es：classes，boxes，matches等。3）輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的變 y為 ies：cities，cou
15、ntries，parties，factories等。4）以 o 結(jié)尾的詞 +es：heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes等。 以 o 結(jié)尾 +s：radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos等。5）以f，fe 結(jié)尾的多數(shù) +es：leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves等。 口訣1：+es妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）嚇得發(fā)了慌，躲在架下（shelf）保己命，半(half)片樹葉（leaf）遮目光?？谠E2：+s海灣邊、屋頂上，首領(lǐng)奴仆兩相望；誰(shuí)說(shuō)他們無(wú)信仰
16、，證據(jù)寫在手帕上。gulf，roof， chief， serf， belief， proof，handkerchief，這些名詞變復(fù)數(shù)直接加 s。注：scarf(圍巾；披風(fēng)) 可以先改 f 為 ve 再加s，也可直接加 s。 直接 + s 的名詞：roofs proofs, gulfs, beliefs等。2、 不規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞的變化規(guī)則：【難點(diǎn)】 1）manmen, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, childchildren, mousemice. 2）單復(fù)數(shù)相同: sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese,
17、works. 說(shuō)明 A. fish如表示不同種類的魚時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)是fishes： There are many kinds of fishes in that lake. B. 以man, woman 修飾名詞構(gòu)成合成詞時(shí),兩個(gè)詞都變化. man servantmen servants. (boy/girl students) woman doctorwomen doctors. 表示“某國(guó)人”中日不變英法變，其余 s加后面。Chinese Chinese， Japanese Japanese；Englishman Englishmen， Englishwoman Englishwomen，F(xiàn)ren
18、chman Frenchmen， Frenchwoman Frenchwomen；American Americans， Russian Russians， Arab Arabs， German Germans 等。3、復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式: son-in-law-sons-in-law , looker-onlookers-on, 主體名詞變化4、字母,阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)形式一般加 “ s ”或 “ s”： There are two ls in the word “ all ”. Your 7s and 9s look alike. It happened in the 1960s /1960
19、s. I will not accept your ifs and buts.5、物質(zhì)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)，但如下情況除外： A. 用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示不同種類： wheats, fruits, vegetables. B. 表示比原文更廣的詞義： woodwoods, waterwaters, sandsands.6、定冠詞加姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)表示一家人：the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs.7、集體名詞people, police 總是作復(fù)數(shù)： Several police were on duty.8、集體名詞class, public, family, populatio
20、n, team, crew 等單復(fù)數(shù)都有，但意義不同： The class is big.- The class are taking notes in English. The population in China is larger.- 80% of the population in China are peasants.9、hair 表示總體時(shí)是不可數(shù)： His hair is grey 如果表示若干根頭發(fā)可以加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾。 He had a few white hairs. 10、以s 結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞只作單數(shù)。mathematics , physics, politics等；news
21、也是如此。11、glasses， trousers， 等常用復(fù)數(shù)；但如果這些詞前用 a pair of / this pair of/that pair of等修飾時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有pair 來(lái)決定： Where are my glasses ？ My new pair of trousers is too long. Here are some new pairs of shoes.12、不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如果表示“一個(gè)”的概念，可用單位詞： a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coal
22、 a bottle of ink, a grain of rice , a cake of soap 【注意】a large number of, much, a little 后只能接不可數(shù)名詞；a large amount of ，a great number of ，many，后只能接可數(shù)名詞；some, plenty of, a lot of 后既可以接可數(shù)名詞，也可以接不可數(shù)名詞。 用“數(shù)詞或冠詞量詞of不可數(shù)名詞”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，量詞可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，但of后面的名詞只能用單數(shù)。小練：1. Mr Smith always has _to tell us Asome good
23、 pieces of newsB some pieces of good news Csome good piece of newes Dsome piece of good newes 答案A。解析考查名詞的數(shù)的掌握。 news意為“消息”，是不可數(shù)名詞，所以C、D兩項(xiàng)可排除。形容詞修飾類似的詞組時(shí)，一般放在前面。2. Would you like to have a look at some pants? They may fit you well一Well，Id like to try those blue_. Apairs Bone Cpant Dpair答案A。解析pants要用a
24、pair of來(lái)修飾，由those blue確定其后接pairs的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故選A。3. Would you like some drinks, boys? Yes, , please. A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolates C. some cakes D. two bottles of orange答案 D 解析orange是不可數(shù)名詞?？捎谩皵?shù)詞或冠詞量詞of不可數(shù)名詞”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示它的數(shù)量。量詞（piece, bottle, glass, pair, cup等）是可數(shù)名詞，可根據(jù)情況用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，但of后面的名詞只能用單數(shù)。4. exc
25、iting news! We will have long holiday after the exam. A. What an, a B. What, a C. How an, the D. How, the 答案 B。 解析news為不可數(shù)名詞，其前面不能用a/an來(lái)修飾。不可數(shù)名詞的確切數(shù)量可借助單位詞組來(lái)表示，如a piece of，a cup of ，two glasses of three bottles of，etc?！局攸c(diǎn)】13、中考?？疾豢蓴?shù)名詞：information, weather, news, advice, fun等。 說(shuō)明：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間并沒有截然的界限
26、；可數(shù)名詞可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椴豢?數(shù)名詞 ，同樣不可數(shù)名詞也可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞，要看清整個(gè)上下文的具體內(nèi)容。三、名詞的所有格：1、s 所有格： 1）構(gòu)成： A. 一般詞尾+ s.：the teachers office, Xiao Lis sisters husbands mother. B. 以 s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只+“ ”： workers rest room. C. 不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞加s： childrens toys. D. 表示共同所有的幾個(gè)名詞，只在最后一個(gè)詞的后面加s： This is Tom, James and Dicks room. E. 表示各個(gè)所有關(guān)系的幾個(gè)名詞，在每個(gè)名詞
27、后分別加s： Jennys, Jeans and Marys rooms face to the south. 2、of所有格： 1）凡不能用s 屬格的情況可用 of 屬格表示所屬關(guān)系： the City of New York. a map of China. 2）下列情況通常要用of 屬格： A. 當(dāng)名詞有較長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)時(shí)： the name of the girl standing at the gate. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday.【難點(diǎn)】3、雙重所有格： 當(dāng)of前面的名詞有不
28、定冠詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞或數(shù)詞如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修飾時(shí)，用雙重 所有格，雙重所有格只用于表示人的名詞并且都是特指的： a poem of Lu Xuns . a friend of his/hers . Which novel of Dickens are you reading ? some friends of my brothers .4、幾種特殊情況： the key to the door. answers to
29、 the question the entrance to the station / cinema tickets for the film / movie a check for $1500. 【鞏固練習(xí)】1. Learning English is a difficult but happy _. A) program B) progress C) process D) problem2. I think you can get much _ about the culture of Japan after reading this book. A) conclusion B) info
30、rmation C) solution D) suggestion3. As a journalist, Black needs to communicate with many _ every week. A) inventor B) writer C) lawyer D) people4. As a good writer, I need to collect more _to keep the story interesting.A) markets B) materials C)mistakes D)matches5. There are too many _ of fantastic
31、 hotels online. Its really hard to decide.A) news B) choices C) politics D) mannersCBDBB6. I cant find many _ about air pollution in our school library.A) booksB) informationC) reportD) news7. There is no enough_ in the corner to put the round table.A) floor B) ground C) place D) room3. 8. During he
32、 stay in America, he gained much _ of local customs and cultures.A. adviceB. knowledge C. ideaD. messageADB9. My grandfather makes a living by raising _ to produce wool.（寶山） A) sheep B) sheeps C) many sheeps D) much sheep10. Some students were too busy preparing for their tests to get enough _.（黃浦）A
33、) sleepB) friendC) hobbyD) activity11.The boss asked the manager how many _ he would need to finish the project.（青浦）A)people B)time C)money D)foodAAA12. We havent got much for our picnic. Will you go and get some? A apple B tomato C bread D biscuit 13.Ive read_ sports news about the Fl race today.A
34、two B pieces C two piece D two pieces of 14. Linda, Ive bought many . Now lets make the birthday cake. A. fresh eggs B. chocolate milk C. frozen food D rice dumplings15. You can get much _about the World Expo on the Internet. A) map B) picture C) ticket D) informationCDAD知識(shí)點(diǎn)3 閱讀專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練IX. Reading Compr
35、ehension (閱讀理解)：(共50分)A. Choose the best answer (根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?：(12分)During all this time, I never stopped thinking about escape. When I traveled across to the other side of the island, I could see the other islands, and I said to myself, Perhaps I can get there with a boat. Perhaps I can get back
36、 to England one day. So I decided to make myself a boat. I cut down a big tree, and then began to make a long hole in it. It was hard work, but about six months later, I had a very fine canoe (獨(dú)木舟). Next, I had to get it down to the sea. How silly I was! Why didnt I think carefully before I began to
37、 work? Of course, the canoe was too heavy. I couldnt move it! I pulled and pushed and tried everything; but it didnt move. I was very unhappy for a long time after that.In my sixth year on the island, I did make myself a smaller canoe, but I did not try to escape in it. The boat Was too small for a
38、long journey, and I did not want to die at sea. The island was my home now, and I was just happy to be alive. A year or two later, I made myself a second canoe on the other side of the island. I also built myself a second house there, and so I had two homes.I kept food and tools at both of my houses
39、, and also wild goats. There were many goats on the island, and I made fields with high fences to keep them in. They learnt to take food from me, and soon I had goats milk to drink every day. I also worked hard in my corn fields. And so, many years went by.69. We can infer (推斷) from the first paragr
40、aph that the writer _. A) was probably from England B) lived happily on the island C) lost his way on the island D) was born on the island70. It took the writer _ to make the first canoe. A) many years B) about six months C) a year or two D) about six years71. The writer was very unhappy because _.
41、A) he had cut down a small tree B) he had a very fine canoe C) he couldnt move the canoe D) he had made a small canoe72. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A) The writer made himself a smaller canoe in his sixth year on the island. B) The writer made fields with
42、high fences to keep many wild goats in. C) The writer didnt try to escape because he had two homes on the island. D) The writer knew the canoe was too small for a long journey across the sea.73. This story is mainly about how the writer _. A) kept goats in the fields B) escaped from the island C) bu
43、ilt houses by himself D) survived on the island74. This story is probably a part of a(n) _. A) novel B) advertisement C) travel guide D) telephone message69. A 70. B 71. C 72. C 73. D 74. A奉賢區(qū)IX. Reading Comprehension (閱讀理解)：(共50分)A. Choose the best answer (根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?：(12分)Sweaty palms, shakin
44、g hands and a racing heart! This is what many students experience when they take a big test. When anxiety (焦慮) kicks in, students can completely lose concentration, leading to poor scores. But is there any solution to such stress? The key to reducing test anxiety is writing. According to a recent re
45、port in the journal Science, taking a few minutes before an exam to write about all those fears could help students perform better. The study was conducted by Professor Sian L. Beilock, from the University of Chicago, and his graduate student Gerardo Ramirez. First, the researchers asked 20 college
46、students to take a maths test to get a base-lined score. Next, they told the students that they could get a monetary award if they got a good score, and that they were being videotaped. Before beginning the main test, the researchers asked one group of students to spend 10 minutes writing down their
47、 anxieties about the test, while the other group sat quietly. Both groups then took the same exam. The researchers found that students who sat quietly did 12% worse than they had on the pre-test, and the ones who wrote about their anxieties improved their scores by 5%. Writing enables students to fe
48、el refreshed when facing challenging questions on the examination. However, experts also warn that such a change will not cause students to become any smarter. It can only make them become more relaxed and focused.69. According to the writer, when people feel anxious, they may _. A) drink a lot of w
49、ater B) have a heart attack C) kick their feet D) lose concentration70. The best way to reduce test anxiety is _. A) to sit quietly B) to write about your fears C) to cool your palms D) to study hard71. The study was conducted by _. A) Professor Sian L. Beilock alone B) Professor Sian L. Beilock and
50、 his wife C) Professor Sian L. Beilock and his graduate student D) Professor Sian L. Beilock and his teammate72. From the experiment, we learn that _. A) the two student groups took different tests B) they could earn money if they did well C) they needed to finish the test within 10 minutes D) they
51、were asked to relax before the test73. Students who sat quietly before the test _ than they had on the pre-test. A) did 5% better B) did 12% better C) did 5% worse D) did 12% worse74. The result of the research has proved that _. A) writing before a test can make you smarter B) you can become relaxe
52、d by writing before a test C) the two student groups both did well in the exam D) students dislike challenging questions on the examination69. D 70. B 71. C 72. B 73. D 74. B歸納總結(jié)1. 總結(jié)名詞重難點(diǎn)與?？键c(diǎn)：課后作業(yè)1. 整理 錯(cuò)題2. 回家作業(yè)I 基礎(chǔ)（1）1. Most of Franks books, usually with_ pictures in each book, are for young child
53、ren.A)hundredB)hundredsC)hundred ofD)hundreds of2. _of the earth is covered with water.A) two-three B) two-third C) two-thirds D) second-three3. My family are going to have a party to celebrate my grandpas _ birthday.A) ninetyB) ninetiesC) ninetiethD) ninetieths4.Tonys mum looks young and beautiful.
54、 Its hard to imagine she is already in her _.A) fifties B) fifty C) fiftieths D) fiftieth 5. Today, I have downloaded _ useful information on the Internet.A. twoB. piecesC. two piecesD. two pieces of6.Lindas parents gave her _ advice on how to make friends with other.A) a great many B) huge amounts
55、of C) a large number of D) too many7. Tu Yoyo was awarded the Nobel Prize in her _.A. eighties B. eighty C. eightieth D. eightieths8. The party planner prepared _games for the gusts to enjoy themselves at the party. A) a large sum of B) a huge amount of C) a great number of D) a great deal ofDCCA D BA CII 基礎(chǔ)題（2）1.Uncle Tom raises many on his farm and we often go there for a visit.A) sheepB) horseC) pigD) bird2. David made great _ with the help of his group members.A. difference
（通用版）2019中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 數(shù)詞和代詞講義
