2020年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)語法 專題八 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)試題

《2020年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)語法 專題八 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)試題》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)語法 專題八 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)試題（9頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、專題八 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 學(xué)前自測（發(fā)現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)） ( )1. —When did you meet your English teacher? —While I ____ a bike along Jiaomen River. A. rode B. was riding C. ride D. will ride ( )2. He ____ computer games when his parents left home. So he didn't know where they were. A. is

2、playing B. plays C. played D. was playing ( )3. As usual, Sally ____ at 6:30 this morning by her mother to have breakfast. A. has woken up B. woke up C. was woken up D. wakes up ( )4. —I was at the cinema at nine o’clock yesterday evening. What

3、about you? — I ____ TV at home. A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching ( )5. —Where is your mother? —She ____ in the kitchen. A. cooks B. has cooked C. cooked D. is cooking ( )6. Tom like reading. He ___ picture books

4、 with his dad every evening. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read ( )7. —Nicole, I missed today’s lesson, can you lend me your notebook? —Sorry, I _____ it to Betty already. A. lend B. lent C. will lend D. have lent ( )8

5、. We have two days off a week. We ___ at school from Monday to Friday. A. will study B. study C. studied D. are studying ( )9. —Have you ever been to Disneyland? —Yes. I ____ there last summer. A. will go B. went C. have gone D. was going ( )10. —

6、Do you know the film Big Hero 6? —Sure. I like it very much and I ___ it three times since it was on. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. am seeing ?？伎键c(diǎn)知識清單（研習(xí)考點(diǎn)） 考點(diǎn)一 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 1. 概念:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也可表示現(xiàn)在的情況或狀態(tài)以及永恒的真理。 2. 句式結(jié)構(gòu)(肯定句)有以下三種: 句式結(jié)構(gòu) 例句 be

7、+表語 She is a beautiful girl. 她是一個(gè)漂亮的女孩。 there be 句型 There is a schoolbag on the desk. 桌子上有一個(gè)書包。 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞謂語 She likes eating chocolate. 她喜歡吃巧克力。 3. 常用的時(shí)間狀語有:always, usually, often, every day 等。 4. 動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)構(gòu)成方式: 類型 變化規(guī)則 舉例 一般情況 在詞尾加-s swim—swims; leave—leaves 以-s,-x,-sh, -ch,-o 結(jié)尾

8、 在詞尾加-es pass—passes; go—goes; wash—washes; box—boxes 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾 變 y 為 i 再加-es study—studies; carry—carries 特殊情況 不規(guī)則變化 have—has 5. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法: (1) 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與表頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。 My mother often does housework. 我媽媽經(jīng)常做家務(wù)。 (2) 描述現(xiàn)在的情況、狀態(tài)等。 He speaks Russian very well. 他講俄語講得很好。 (3) 描述客觀真

9、理、客觀存在或科學(xué)事實(shí)等。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比聲音傳播得快。 (4) 在含時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中,若主句用一般將來時(shí),則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 I'll ring you up if he comes back tomorrow. 如果他明天回來,我就給你打電話。 (5) 在以 here, there 開頭的句子中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Here comes the bus! 汽車來了! 巧記:用好一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),時(shí)間狀語要牢記。 基本用法要記清,動(dòng)作習(xí)慣經(jīng)常性。 客觀真理和能力,有時(shí)還表將來時(shí)。 謂語若

10、為行為動(dòng),形式要由主語定:主語人稱是三單,動(dòng)詞要把-s/ -es 添。 句中若把助詞用,謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。 考點(diǎn)二 一般過去時(shí) 1. 概念:一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2. 句式結(jié)構(gòu)(肯定句)有以下三種: 句式結(jié)構(gòu) 例句 was/ were+表語 She was a beautiful girl ten years ago. 十年前她是一個(gè)漂亮的女孩子。 there was/ were There were many shops near our school. 我們學(xué)校附近以前有許多商店。 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語 He got up at six o'

11、clock yesterday morning. 昨天早上他 6 點(diǎn)鐘起床。 3. 常用的時(shí)間狀語有:yesterday(昨天),the day before yesterday(前天),last week(上星期),two days ago(兩天前), just now(剛才)等。 4. 動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成方法: 類型 規(guī)則 舉例 一般情況 加-ed plant-planted; play-played 以-e 結(jié)尾 加-d live-lived; change-changed 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾 改 y 為 i 再加-ed carry-carried;

12、study-studied 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母 雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-ed stop-stopped; plan-planned 5. 一般過去時(shí)的用法: (1) 表示過去發(fā)生或過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 He visited the Great Wall yesterday. 昨天他游覽了長城。 (2) 用于虛擬條件句中,表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況。 If I were you, I would take a small present. 如果我是你的話,我就帶上一件小禮物。 巧記: 動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí),表示過去發(fā)生事;be 用 was 或用 wer

13、e, have, has 變 had;謂語動(dòng)詞過去式,過去時(shí)間 作標(biāo)志;一般動(dòng)詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。 否定句很簡單,主語之后 didn't 添;疑問句也不難,did 放在主語前;如果謂語之前有 did,謂語動(dòng)詞需還原;動(dòng)詞若是 was, were, 否定就把 not 添。 考點(diǎn)三 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. 概念:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 2. 句式結(jié)構(gòu):主語+am (is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞 3. 常用的時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞有:now, at the moment, look, listen 等。 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成方式: 類型 變化規(guī)則 舉例 一般情況 直接

14、加-ing play-playing; read-reading 以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾 去 e 加-ing live-living; write-writing 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母 雙寫詞尾的輔音字母再加-ing put-putting; sit-sitting 以 ie 結(jié)尾 改 ie 為 y 再加-ing die-dying; lie-lying 5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法: (1) 表示目前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 He is reading a book. 他正在看書。 (2) 與 always,usually,forever 等詞連用,表示說

15、話者的贊揚(yáng)、厭惡或不滿等情緒。 He is always helping others. 他總是幫助別人。 (3) 一些表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如 go,come,leave 等,常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天他將前往上海。 巧記: 主語在句首,am, is, are 跟在后,現(xiàn)在分詞跟著走,其他成份不可丟。表示動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行,句中 now 時(shí)間定。一般疑問句,be 提到前面去。否定句式也單,be 后只把 not 添。 考點(diǎn)四 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. 概念:表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

16、2. 句式結(jié)構(gòu):主語+was (were)+現(xiàn)在分詞 3. 常用的時(shí)間狀語有:at nine o'clock last night(昨天晚上九點(diǎn)),at that time(那時(shí)),at that moment(當(dāng)時(shí)),this time yesterday(昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候),from 8:00 to 9:00 last night(昨晚的八點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn))以及 when, while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句等。 4. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法: (1) 表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 I was watering my flowers at nine yesterday morning. 昨天上午九

17、點(diǎn)我在給花澆水。 (2) 表示過去某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 What were you doing from 8 p郾 m郾 to 9 p郾 m郾 last night? 昨晚 8 點(diǎn)到 9 點(diǎn)你在干什么? 肯定句:主語+was/ were+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他; 否定句:主語+was/ were + not+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他; 一般疑問句:Was/ Were+主語+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他 考點(diǎn)五 一般將來時(shí) 1. 概念:一般將來時(shí)表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2. 句式結(jié)構(gòu)(肯定句)有以下三種: 句式結(jié)構(gòu) 例句 will/ shall+動(dòng)詞原形 They w

18、ill have a good time. 他們將會(huì)玩得很愉快。 be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 We are going to take an exam. 我們將要參加一個(gè)考試。 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來 The bus is coming. 公共汽車要來了。 3. 常用的時(shí)間狀語有:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in two hours, soon, in the future 等。 4. 一般將來時(shí)的用法: (1) be going to 和 will 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 We are going to have a meet

19、ing to discuss the plan. 我們打算開會(huì)討論這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 She will reach here at five o'clock this afternoon by car. 今天下午五點(diǎn)她將乘車到達(dá)這里。 (2) be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情,will 表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。 Look at the dark clouds. It's going to rain. 看那烏云,看來馬上要下雨了。 He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就要 20 歲了。 巧記:一般將來時(shí),將來發(fā)生事

20、。 謂語不一般,will 加動(dòng)原。要變疑問句,will 放在主語前。否定句,也不難, will 后面 not 添。 考點(diǎn)六 過去將來時(shí) 1. 概念:表示在過去看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2. 相當(dāng)于一般將來時(shí)而言,其句式結(jié)構(gòu)有以下三種: (1) would/ should+動(dòng)詞原形 (2) was/ were going to+動(dòng)詞原形 (3) was/ were doing 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來 3. 過去將來時(shí)的用法: (1) 在敘述過去的事情或事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過時(shí),用過去時(shí)表示在當(dāng)時(shí)看將來會(huì)發(fā)生的事。 It was May 30. Mike had just lef

21、t his home. He was going to play basketball with his friend, so he decided to call his friend first. 那是 5 月 30 號,邁克剛離開家,他打算和朋友一起打籃球,于是他決定先給朋友打電話。 (2) 用于主句為一般過去時(shí)的賓語從句中,表示將要發(fā)生的事情或曾經(jīng)打算要做的事情。 He asked when the meeting would end. 他問會(huì)議何時(shí)結(jié)束。 考點(diǎn)七 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1. 概念:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。 還表示動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開

22、始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并有可能持續(xù)下去。 2. 句式結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have/ has+過去分詞 3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法和常用的時(shí)間狀語: (1) 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,常與 already, yet, ever 等連用。 She has already finished the work. 她已經(jīng)完成了工作。 (2) 表示動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并有可能持續(xù)下去,常與“for+時(shí)間段”或“since+表過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一般過去時(shí)的句子”連用,此時(shí)句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 He has studied English since 10 years a

23、go. / He has studied English for ten years. 他學(xué)英語已經(jīng) 10 年了。 巧記: 學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),謂語結(jié)構(gòu)要牢記:have/ has+過分。 主要用法有兩個(gè):過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果,just, already 常用著; 過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,for, since 把時(shí)間帶。 考點(diǎn)八 過去完成時(shí) 1. 概念:表示到過去某時(shí)為止或在過去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,即“過去的過去”。 如圖: 2. 句式結(jié)構(gòu):主語+had+過去分詞+其他 3. 常用的時(shí)間狀語:by the end of last term, b

24、y then 以及 when, after 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。 4. 過去完成時(shí)的用法: (1) 表示在過去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。 By the time we arrived, the meeting had already begun. 當(dāng)我們到達(dá)時(shí),會(huì)議已經(jīng)開始了。 (2) 用在 told, knew, heard 等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中。 She said (that) she had never been to Pairs. 她說她從沒有去過巴黎。 (3) 用在含 when, after, before 等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的復(fù)合

25、句中。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 當(dāng)警察到的時(shí)候,小偷們已經(jīng)逃跑了。 鞏固訓(xùn)練（夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)） 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. —When did you meet him? —While I ____ on the street. A. walks B. walk C. was walking D. am walking ( )2. —Mum, why don't you go to sleep? —Your sister ____ yet. I ____ f

26、or her. A. hasn't come back; am waiting B. didn't come back; was waiting C. hadn't come back; was waiting D. came back; waited ( )3. —King White ___ in our company for 20 years. —Yes, and she ___ here when she was 21 years old. A. has worked; has come B. worked;

27、 comes C. worked; came D. has worked; came ( )4. —Don't forget to visit me when you come here. —OK. I ___ you a call as soon as I ____ there. A. gave; get B. will give; will get C. give; will get D. will give; get ( )5. —What

28、did you do last summer vacation? —Don't mention it. I ____ always ____ my parents on the farm. A. was; helping B. / ; helped C. would; help D. have; helped ( )6. —Would you like to see the movie? —No, thanks. I ____ it twice. A. have seen B

29、. seen C. saw D. had seen ( )7. —Are you still single? —No, I ____ for two months. A. have been married B. have married C. was marrying D. married ( )8. —We will do some cleaning if the weather ___ fine tomorrow. —But I think it _

30、___ rain. A. will be; is going to B. is; is going to C. is; has D. will be; has ( )9. —Mike is preparing his luggage. —Yes. He _____ for Canada on vacation. A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. has been away ( )10. —Be quiet.

31、Dad ___ in the next room. —Sorry. A. sleeps B. slept C. is sleeping D. was sleeping 二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空 1. I _______ (go) to America next Friday. 2. Mary usually ____ (go) to school at 7 o'clock. 3. Aunt Lily ____ (be) a beautiful girl twenty years ago. 4. Tim ____________ (stud

32、y) English for ten years. 5. By the end of last month, I ___________ (finish) the project. 6. He will go home if he _____ (wake) up. 7. Kate is _______ (leave) for Beijing tomorrow. 8. She asked when Lucy ____________ (come). 9. —Paul, what were you doing at nine last night. —I _____________ (

33、watch) a movie in the cinema with my friends. 10. Michael _________ (teach) in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year. 答案： 學(xué)前自測 1-5 BDCDD 6-10 BDBBC 鞏固訓(xùn)練 一、1-5 CADDA 6-10 AABCC 二、 1. will go 2. goes 3. was 4. has studied 5. had finished 6. wakes 7. leaving 8. would come 9. was watching 10. will teach 9