2019版高考英語一輪鞏固達標練 Unit 3 Travel journal（含解析）新人教版必修1

3 Travel journal李仕才*閱讀理解Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有機體), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a nonspecific but stable change. For many people, the hightech production raises all kinds of environmental, ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature.In fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first put on the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the U. S. last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic genie is out of the bottle.However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fastgrowing and underfed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age don' t have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and crop viruses.1.The passage mainly talks about_.A. the world's food problemB. the development in biotechC. the genetically modified foods D. the way to solve food shortages2.According to the passage, GM foods_.A. will replace naturally grown foodsB. are far better than naturally grown foodsC. may help to solve the problem of poor nutritionD. can cause serious trouble in developing countries3.The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.” in Paragraph 2 probablymeans that_.A.GM foods are available everywhereB. the technology in producing GM foods is advancedC. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powersD. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets4.What's the writer's attitude towards GM foods?A. Enthusiastic.B. Cautious.C. Disapproving.D. Unbelievable.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了轉基因食品及其對人類生活的影響。1.C 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段中的“Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods).”可知，本文主要介紹的是轉基因食品。2.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values.”可知，轉基因食品有助于解決營養(yǎng)不良問題。4.B 【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing.”可知，作者認為轉基因食品進入市場前需要嚴格的檢測，由此可見作者對轉基因食品的態(tài)度是謹慎的。*語法填空Over the years, I have met some interesting people. Two of _1_ most interesting people were two elderly sisters, Joan and Bernice, _2_ way of talking about people inspired me.It was always a _3_ (pleasant) to visit these two sisters. Just being greeted at the door was a joy. They couldn't be _4_ (happy) when seeing me. I always heard about the people who were there before me. Every person _5_ (talk) about in a positive way. The conversation would go something like this, “Oh, Kay, so­and­so was here yesterday, she _6_ (be) just the salt of the earth， isn't she? ” The other sister would reply, “Oh, yes! You just can't believe _7_ wonderful she is. ” I never heard they said a negative word about anyone. NEVER!I understood why these two had so much company when other people complained that no one cared about _8_ (they). It was their attitude _9_ people. There was no doubt that when the next person came to visit, he was going to hear how I was “the salt of the earth”What a wonderful example these two elderly sisters were to me! I will always be _10_ (thank) that I had the opportunity to know them.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._ 9_10._篇章導讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。全文主要介紹了作者所認識的一對很有趣且極具正能量的姐妹的故事。1the考查冠詞。由空后的“most interesting”的提示可知，此處為形容詞的最高級，應用定冠詞修飾。2whose考查定語從句的引導詞。whose引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作定語，先行詞為Joan and Bernice。3pleasure考查詞性轉換。結合語境和冠詞a的提示可知，此處應用名詞形式。4happier考查形容詞的比較級。否定詞與比較級連用表達最高級含義，與上文的joy呼應。5was talked考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。由語境可知，Every person和talk之間是被動關系；再由前一句的時態(tài)可知，應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。6is考查動詞的時態(tài)。由附加問句“isn't she？”可知，此處應用is。7how考查賓語從句的連接詞。how引導賓語從句且在從句中修飾形容詞wonderful。8them考查代詞。介詞about后應跟代詞的賓格形式且表示“他們”，故填them。9toward(s)/to考查介詞。attitude toward(s)/to sb. 意為“對某人的態(tài)度”，符合語義。10thankful考查詞性轉換。be動詞后一般跟形容詞作表語，故此處用形容詞形式。*完形填空Falling off a boxcar and landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years old.Now I am thirty­two.I can _1_ remember the brightness of sunshine.It would be wonderful to see again，_2_ a tragedy can do strange things to people.It _3_ to me that I might not have come to love life as I do now if I hadn't been blind.My parents and my teacher saw something _4_ me，and they made me want to _5_ against blindness.The hardest _6_ I had to learn was to believe in myself.If I hadn't been able to do that，I would have _7_ down for the rest of my life.When I say _8_ in myself I am not talking about _9_ the kind of self­confidence that _10_ me down an unfamiliar staircase(樓梯)alone.But I mean something bigger than that：the assurance that I am a real positive person _11_ imperfections.It took me years to obtain this _12_.It had to start with the _13_.Once a man gave me an indoor _14_.“I can't use this，”I said.“Take it with you，” he _15_ me，“and roll it around.”The _16_ stuck in my head.“Roll it around！” By rolling the ball I could hear where it went.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought _17_. At the School for the Blind I _18_ a new kind of baseball called the “ground ball”All my life I have set a series of goals and then tried to reach them，one at a time.I had to learn my _19_.I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made _20_.1A.randomly BabruptlyCroughly Dcompletely2A.so BbutCthus Dand3A.occurred BreferredCbrought Dturned4A.of BforCto Din5A.get BfightCfind Ddrop6A.method BexperienceClesson Dmanner7A.broken BputCsettled Dlay8A.courage BambitionCbelief Dpower9A.firmly BsimplyCfairly Dslightly10A.stops BhelpsCfinds Dgives11A.despite BbesidesCwithout Dunlike12A.description BexistenceCaccusation Drecognition13A.intelligence BincidentCtrouble Ddetermination14A.chair BbaseballCgame Ddesign15A.urged BblamedCgreeted Dteased16A.goals BwordsCimages Dideas17A.valuable BreasonableCimpossible Dunbearable18A.discovered BequippedCformed Dinvented19A.limitations BadvantagesCpuzzles Dpersonalities20A.sense BprogressCmistakes Ddecisions【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了“我”在四歲的時候失去了視力，但通過一件小事，“我”學會了自信，并逐漸取得進步的過程?！竞诵脑~匯】tragedy悲劇imperfection缺點on the average一般來說roughly粗略地1C考查副詞?！拔摇彼臍q時失去視力，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)三十二歲了。由此可推知，此處表示“我”粗略地記得，故選C。roughly“粗略地，大致上”。2B考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，上下文之間是轉折關系，故選B。3A考查動詞。“我”想到如果“我”沒有失明“我”可能不會像現(xiàn)在這樣熱愛生活。It occurs to sb.that.為固定句型，意為“某人想到”。4D考查介詞?！拔摇备改敢约袄蠋熆吹搅恕拔摇眱?nèi)在的一些東西，他們讓“我”想要與失明作斗爭。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應選D。5B考查動詞。參見上題解析。fight against.“與作斗爭”。6C考查名詞?！拔摇睂W到的最困難的一課(lesson)就是要相信“我”自己。7A考查動詞。如果“我”做不到那樣的話，“我”可能已經(jīng)精神崩潰了。break down“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉”。8C考查名詞。根據(jù)上文中的“to believe in myself”可知，此處應選C項與上文相照應。9B考查副詞?！拔摇闭f的信心并不僅僅(simply)指幫助(helps)“我”走下陌生樓梯的自信。10B考查動詞。參見上題解析。11A考查介詞。盡管“我”是一個不完美的人，但是“我”是一個積極的人。despite“盡管”，符合語境。12D考查名詞。“我”花了很多年才認識到這一點。A項意為“描述”；B項意為“存在”；C項意為“控告”；D項意為“認識”。13B考查名詞。這從一件小事開始。A項意為“智慧”；B項意為“小事”；C項意為“麻煩”；D項意為“決心”。14B考查名詞。根據(jù)下文中的“a new kind of baseball”可知，此處指棒球。15A考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指他一直在敦促“我”。urge“強烈要求，敦促”。16B考查名詞。他所說的話(words)印在“我”的腦海中，故選B。17C考查形容詞。這給了“我”一個如何實現(xiàn)”我”認為不可能(impossible)的目標的想法。A項意為“有價值的”；B項意為“合情理的”；C項意為“不可能的”；D項意為“無法容忍的”。18D考查動詞。在盲人學?！拔摇卑l(fā)明(invented)了一種新的被稱之為“地滾球”的棒球。A項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；B項意為“配備”；C項意為“形成”；D項意為“發(fā)明”。19A考查名詞?！拔摇辈坏貌涣私庾约旱牟蛔阒?。limitation“(某人或某物的) 局限性，不足之處”。20B考查名詞?！拔摇庇袝r會失敗，但一般說來“我”取得了進步。make progress“取得進展”。*短文改錯Li Ming is a friend of mine. I'm glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat twoyears before. He got tired so easy that he couldn't take exercise, that made him very upset. Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing. So he made up his minds to make a change. He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.答案：Li Ming is a friend of mine. I'm glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat two years . He got tired so that he couldn't take exercise, made him very upset. Later, he realized he went on like that, he would end up nothing. So he made up his to make a change. He went running every morning and played basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables less meat. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome with great determination and strong willpower.難項分析：第一處：changed前加has考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語in the past two years可知，此處表示從過去開始發(fā)生的動作，并對現(xiàn)在造成了影響。因此，應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故在changed前加has。第二處：beforeago考查副詞。before指從過去某刻起若干時間以前，常與完成時連用，ago指從此刻起若干時間以前，常與過去時連用。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處講述的是過去的事情，故將before改為ago。第五處：unlessif考查連詞。“he went on like that (他繼續(xù)像那樣)”是“he would end up . nothing”的條件，因此應用if引導條件狀語從句。故將unless改為if。* 8