（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)五 非謂語動詞（含解析）

《（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)五 非謂語動詞（含解析）》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)五 非謂語動詞（含解析）（15頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、考點(diǎn)五　非謂語動詞 限時25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1．The writer has won the hearts of millions of children with the rich stories ________ (draw) from her childhood memories． 答案：drawn　句意：憑借著她從她的童年記憶中獲取的豐富多彩的故事，那個作家贏得了很多小孩子的心。分析句子，由于句子已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了謂語動詞has won，故空格處只能用非謂語動詞；由于stories與draw之間為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。 2．________ (receive)

2、 your purchases in time, make sure the express company knows your address exactly． 答案：To receive　句意：為了及時收到你購買的物品，要確?？爝f公司準(zhǔn)確地知道你的地址。此處是動詞不定式作目的狀語。 3．________ (complete) his overseas study, he was eventually employed by his dream company． 答案：Having completed　句意：他完成海外學(xué)習(xí)之后，最后被他夢寐以求的公司雇用了。he和complete在邏

3、輯上存在主謂關(guān)系，且此處分詞的動作明顯先于謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作時間狀語。 4．This course is of great interest to students, ________ (hope) to improve their writing skills． 答案：hoping　句意：學(xué)生對本課程有極大的興趣，希望能提高他們的寫作能力。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作目的狀語。 5．The young lady, ________ (make) several attempts to fix her cell phone, decided to have another t

4、ry． 答案：having made　句意：這位年輕的女士試圖修好她的手機(jī)，她已經(jīng)嘗試好幾次了，決定再試一次。句中主語“The young lady”和動詞“make”之間是主動關(guān)系，且該動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞decided之前，故用動詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語。 6．Nowadays, more and more Chinese homes have the technology and equipment ________ (need) to do online shopping． 答案：needed　句意：目前，越來越多的中國家庭擁有在線購物所需的技術(shù)和設(shè)備。此處是過去分詞作后置

5、定語，故填needed。 7．Watching basketball games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them ________ (perform) live is quite another． 答案：being performed　句意：在家里的電視上看籃球比賽是一回事，去看現(xiàn)場比賽又是另外一回事。根據(jù)句意可知，“perform”與其邏輯主語“them”之間為動賓關(guān)系，由live “現(xiàn)場地”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式being performed，作賓語them的補(bǔ)足語。 8．Beijing's new internat

6、ional airport ________ (put) into operation in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually． 答案：to be put　句意：將于2019年投入運(yùn)營的北京新國際機(jī)場每年將為7,200萬乘客提供服務(wù)。此處表示將來，所以用動詞不定式作后置定語；airport和put into operation之間是被動關(guān)系，故用動詞不定式的被動式。 9．________ (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emerg

7、encies． 答案：Knowing　句意：了解基本的急救技能將有助于你快速地對緊急情況作出反應(yīng)。分析句子成分可知，謂語是will help，所以will前面的部分是主語，用動名詞作主語，表示一般性的事實(shí)。 10．________ (make) naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles． 答案：Made　句意：當(dāng)暴露在陽光下的時候，維生素D自然就在皮膚中形成了，它是健康的骨頭、牙齒和肌肉所需要的。vitamin D和mak

8、e之間是被動關(guān)系，故填Made。 11．Dream of the Red Chamber is believed to be semi-autobiographical, ________ (mirror) the fortunes of Cao's own family． 答案：mirroring　句意：《紅樓夢》被認(rèn)為是一部半自傳性質(zhì)的小說，它反映了曹雪芹自己家族的命運(yùn)?！癉ream of the Red Chamber”和“mirror”之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填mirroring。 12．Anyone with an eye on the employment si

9、tuation knew the assessment about economic recovery ________ (be) just around the corner was correct． 答案：being　句意：任何關(guān)注就業(yè)形勢的人都知道，有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)即將復(fù)蘇的評估是正確的。本句中含有一個賓語從句，即knew后面的部分，從句中，應(yīng)用動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，recovery和be之間存在主謂關(guān)系，故填being。 13．The problem with the current system allows anyone to commit a similar crime witho

10、ut ________ (punish)． It needs to be fixed． 答案：being punished　句意：現(xiàn)行制度的問題是允許任何人犯下類似的罪行而不受懲罰，因此需要對其進(jìn)行修改。介詞后面跟動名詞作賓語，另外“anyone”和“punish”之間存在被動關(guān)系，故填being punished。 14．The 19th Party Congress drew up a blueprint for China's development in the next three decades and more． ________ (turn) this blueprint

11、 into reality, we must be down-to-earth in our approach, take one step at a time as we move forward and deliver solid outcomes． 答案：To turn　句意：中國共產(chǎn)黨第十九次全國代表大會為中國未來三十年甚至更長的時間的發(fā)展制定了藍(lán)圖。要把這一藍(lán)圖變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)，我們必須腳踏實(shí)地，穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)，取得堅實(shí)的成果。此處是動詞不定式作目的狀語。 15．The young man, ________ (catch) in heavy traffic on the way, got h

12、ome an hour later than usual． 答案：caught　句意：這個年輕人，在路上堵車了，比往常到家晚了一個小時。be caught in “陷入”，作狀語時省掉be動詞，此處為過去分詞短語表原因。 16．The educational reform is now under way throughout the country, ________ (grant) the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential． 答案：granting　句意：全國正在進(jìn)行教育改革，給了學(xué)生

13、們更多發(fā)揮最大潛力的機(jī)會?！癬_______ the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential”作狀語，邏輯主語和grant之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，作結(jié)果狀語。 17．It is not necessary ________ (bargain) on this small amount． 答案：to bargain　句意：沒有必要為這么少的數(shù)額討價還價。句中it作形式主語，空格處應(yīng)用不定式作真正的主語，構(gòu)成“It's＋adj．＋to do sth．”結(jié)構(gòu)。 18．It is a waste

14、of time ________ (persuade) such a person to join us． 答案：persuading　句意：勸說這樣的人加入我們真是浪費(fèi)時間。It is a waste of time doing sth．“做某事是浪費(fèi)時間”。 19．________ (dress) in her favorite skirt, she seemed to be more confident． 答案：Dressed　句意：穿著她最喜歡的裙子，她看起來更自信了。be dressed in “穿著”，表示狀態(tài)，本句中，過去分詞短語“dressed in ．．．”作狀語。

15、20．With all my jobs ________ (do), I will go out for a picnic． 答案：done　句意：所有的工作完成了，我將出去野餐。此處為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，本句中賓語my jobs和do之間存在被動關(guān)系，故填過去分詞done表被動和完成。 21．I'd like to see the plan ________ (carry) out． 答案：carried　句意：我想看到這個計劃被執(zhí)行。plan與carry out之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 22．Almost all metals are good conductors,

16、silver ________ (be) the best of all． 答案：being　句意：幾乎所有的金屬都是良好的導(dǎo)體，其中銀是最好的。句中的兩部分由逗號分隔，無連詞，逗號前面是含有謂語動詞的句子；逗號后的部分有其主語silver，由此可推斷，逗號后需要用獨(dú)立主格形式。silver和be之間存在主動關(guān)系，故填being。 23．Greatly ________ (encourage), agricultural researchers began to study this particular type of plant． 答案：encouraged　句意：受到了極大的鼓舞，

17、農(nóng)業(yè)研究人員開始研究這種特殊的植物。agricultural researchers與encourage之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語。 24．She was the first woman ________ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games． 答案：to win　句意：她是第一個在奧運(yùn)會上獲得金牌的女性。當(dāng)名詞或代詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時，則用不定式作其后置定語。 25．My friends are made ________ (laugh) by my little girl． 答案：to laugh　句意：我的朋友們被我的

18、小女兒逗笑了。使役動詞(make, have, let)用于被動語態(tài)時，作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式符號to不能省略。 二、單句改錯 1．Several of us were asked to attend the meeting, as listing below． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：listing→listed　句意：我們中有幾個人被要求參加這次會議，如下所列。此處表示“被列出”，所以用過去分詞。 2．Warned of danger in the str

19、eet at night, the girl doesn't dare to go out without someone accompanied her． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：accompanied→accompanying　句意：她被警告晚上街上有危險，因而沒有人陪同，這個女孩不敢出去?！皊omeone”與“accompany”之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 3．Offered people food, housing and jobs is what

20、 a government should first consider after a natural disaster happens． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Offered→Offering　句意：在自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生后，給人們提供食物、住所和工作是政府應(yīng)該首先考慮到的。從結(jié)構(gòu)判斷此處缺少主語，應(yīng)該用動名詞形式。 4．After class, the teacher couldn't leave, surrounding by the students． __

21、______________________________________________________________________ 答案：surrounding→surrounded　句意：下課后，老師無法離開，因?yàn)楸粚W(xué)生們圍住了。the teacher與動詞surround之間是被動關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞作狀語。 5．As is known, only work hard leads to happiness． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：work→wo

22、rking　句意：眾所周知，只有努力工作才能獲得幸福。分析句子可知，此處作主語，表示一般性事實(shí)，故用v．-ing形式。 6．Not received regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Not后加having　句意：由于沒有接受過正規(guī)的護(hù)理培訓(xùn)，起初她幾乎無法應(yīng)付這份工作。邏輯主語she與receive之間是主謂關(guān)系，用v．-

23、ing形式。且receive發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前，故用having received, not放在非謂語動詞前。 7．Seating at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Seating→Seated　句意：在房間的后面坐著一個害羞的女孩，這個女孩長著兩只大眼睛。本句是一個倒裝句，seated為過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞作表語。 8．Circumstance

24、s permit, he would not have cancelled the trip he had been longing for． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：permit→permitting　句意：如果情況允許的話，他就不會取消他一直渴望的旅行了。這里用“名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于If circumstances permit。 9．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining tab

25、le already laying for a meal to be cooked． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：laying→laid　with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成是“with＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”，由于lay與table之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。 10．In order to make herself be noticed, she put on a red hat． __________________________________________

26、______________________________ 答案：去掉be　句意：為了讓自己被注意到，她戴了一頂紅色的帽子。make sb． done “使某人被……”。 11．The examinee who is caught cheated in the College Entrance Examination will get zero in this subject． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：cheated→cheating　句意：在高考中，被抓到

27、作弊的考生，所考科目將會得零分。這里是catch sb． doing結(jié)構(gòu)的被動形式，所以應(yīng)把cheated改為cheating。 12．When Mrs Clarke was making tea, she heard the sound of the door be pushed open． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：be→being　句意：當(dāng)克拉克夫人正在泡茶的時候，她聽到門正在被推開的聲音。hear sth． being done “聽見某事正在被做，聽見某

28、物正在被……”。 13．Imagine getting better grades after improve your study habits． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：improve→improving　介詞after后應(yīng)用動名詞形式improving作賓語。 14．He came in suddenly without permitted． _______________________________________________________

29、_________________ 答案：permitted前加being　句意：沒有經(jīng)過允許，他就突然進(jìn)來了。主語he和permit之間存在被動關(guān)系，且without后接動名詞，因此應(yīng)用動名詞的被動形式being permitted。 15．Comparing with Jim's house, mine is big． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Comparing→Compared　mine (my house)與compare之間存在被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分

30、詞compared作狀語。 非謂語動詞(一) 一、非謂語動詞的各種形式 He is said to_be_studying abroad now． He is said to_have_studied abroad for 3 years． The students went out of the classroom, laughing_and_talking． Having_finished my homework, I went to bed． 二、非謂語動詞作主語 1．不定式作主語：往往表示一次性的、具體的動作，常用it作形式主語，而把不定式后置。 2．動名

31、詞作主語：往往表示一種概念、習(xí)慣或經(jīng)驗(yàn)，有時也可用it作形式主語，但僅限于幾個句型。 It is a great honor to_be_invited_to_speak_here． Playing_the_piano is my hobby． 注意：it作形式主語代替動名詞，常出現(xiàn)在It is no use/good doing ．．．, It is useful doing ．．．, It is a waste of time doing ．．． 等句型里。 三、非謂語動詞作賓語 動詞的不定式和動名詞形式可以作賓語，但是不定式一般不作介詞的賓語，如果作介詞賓語，不定式符號to前面

32、往往有疑問詞。 1．只跟不定式作賓語的動詞(短語) afford, agree, decide, determine, expect, refuse, manage, hope, plan, want, fail, wish, ask, pretend, promise, happen, would like, set out等。 I can't afford_to_take_a_holiday this summer because of the project． He determined_to_return_home early． 2．只跟動名詞作賓語的動詞(短語) advi

33、se, admit, advocate, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, delay, deny, consider, miss, fancy, finish, forbid, practise, imagine, suggest, escape, resist, risk, mind, feel like, insist on, set about等。 It was fortunate that Jack narrowly escaped_being_killed in a traffic accident． Do you feel_l

34、ike_going_out for a walk? 3．跟不定式和動名詞作賓語均可，且意義差別不大的動詞 like, love, prefer, hate, begin, start, intend等動詞后面接動詞不定式多指具體的動作；接動名詞多指一般或習(xí)慣性行為。 She started_playing/to_play the violin when she was four． 4．跟不定式和動名詞作賓語意義相同，但形式不同的動詞 在主語表示物的句子中，且作“需要”講時，need, want, require后接v．-ing形式和不定式形式所表示的意義相同，但是v．-ing形式用主

35、動式，不定式用被動式。 Your T-shirt needs_washing/to_be_washed． My bicycle wants_repairing/to_be_repaired． 5．跟不定式和動名詞作賓語均可，但是意義不同的動詞 try　　mean forget/remember regret go on stop can't help 限時25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)You don't have to run fast or for long ________ (see) the benefit． 答案：to see　句意

36、：為了證實(shí)跑步的好處，你不必跑得太快或者太久。用不定式作目的狀語。 2．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________ (die) early by running． 答案：dying　作介詞of的賓語，使用動名詞，故填dying。 3．(2019·福建百所重點(diǎn)學(xué)校高三聯(lián)考) ________ (use) a different mental approach might help explain why people with math anxi

37、ety struggle more with complex problems． 答案：Using　根據(jù)空格和整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少主語，故使用動名詞using和后面的a different mental approach一起作主語，表示一種概念、習(xí)慣和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 4．(2018·天津高考)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ________ (take)． 答案：taken　have sth． done “讓……被做”，photograph與take之間為被動關(guān)系，故用taken。 5．(2018·

38、全國卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ________ (challenge)． 答案：looking; challenged　avoid后接動名詞作賓語，avoid doing sth．意為“避免做某事”。feel為系動詞，后接形容詞，此處表“被挑戰(zhàn)的”，修飾人，故用challenged。 6．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)He was just saying：“I'm king of this forest,

39、and here is your reminder！” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ________ (stay) and watch． 答案：to stay　此處allow sb． to do sth．是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“允許某人做某事”，因此應(yīng)填to stay。 7．(2018·浙江高考)I still remember ________ (visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn't co

40、oked once in all that time． 答案：visiting　此處作remember的賓語，由句意可知，后面應(yīng)該使用visiting。 8．(2018·浙江高考)While regularly eating out seems to ________ (become) common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost． 答案：have become　此處seem to后面跟動詞原形，但是從后面的“in recent years”可知填不定式的完成式，故填have become

41、。 9．(2018·北京高考)________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience． 答案：Travel(l)ing　句意：沿著絲綢之路旅游是一個有趣又有回報的經(jīng)歷。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，句子中缺少主語，故填Travel(l)ing。 10．(2018·北京高考)During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ________ (share) a meal, admire the moon

42、and enjoy moon cakes． 答案：to share　句意：在中秋節(jié)期間，家人們經(jīng)常聚集在一起來吃飯、賞月和吃月餅。句子的謂語是gather，空格處用不定式作目的狀語。 11．(2018·北京高考)Ordinary soap, ________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively． 答案：used　句意：普通肥皂，如果正確地使用，能夠有效地對付細(xì)菌?？崭裉幍膭釉~use與前面的soap構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，指肥皂被使用，故填used。 12．(2019·長春實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)期末)Don't get ________ (

43、depress) by a big, long-term goal—see what steps you can take to achieve it． 答案：depressed　句意：不要對宏偉長期的目標(biāo)感到壓抑——看看你能采取什么措施實(shí)現(xiàn)這個目標(biāo)。根據(jù)前面的get可知，此處是“get＋過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，故使用depressed。 13．(2018·天津高考)I didn't mean ________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help ________ (try) it． 答案：

44、to eat; trying　句意：我不打算吃任何東西，但是這冰激凌看起來如此好以至于我忍不住吃了它。固定短語mean to do “打算做”， couldn't help doing “忍不住做”。 14．(2018·江蘇高考)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, ________ (exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts． 答案：exceeding　句意：在這期間，新增就業(yè)崗位約13,500個，超過市場分析師認(rèn)為的預(yù)期數(shù)量12,00

45、0。分析全句可知，這里指前一件事情所帶來的自然而然的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填exceeding。 15．(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ (range) from butterflies to elephants． 答案：ranging　句意：國家公園里有一大批的野生生物，從蝴蝶到大象都有。根據(jù)語境可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語，表示“包括(從……到……)之間的各類事物”。 16．(2017·江蘇高考)Many Chinese brands, ________ (d

46、evelop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market． 答案：having developed　句意：很多中國的品牌，歷經(jīng)幾個世紀(jì)樹立了良好聲譽(yù)，正在面臨來自現(xiàn)代市場的新挑戰(zhàn)。develop的邏輯主語是Many Chinese brands，兩者之間為主動關(guān)系，同時后面有時間狀語over centuries，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，即having done的形式。 17．(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained n

47、ew medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated． 答案：allowing　句意：這家醫(yī)院近期獲得了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備，這讓更多的病人可以接受治療。allow與其邏輯主語medical equipment之間是主動關(guān)系，所以要用v．-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語。 18．(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not ________ (know) where she was heading． 答案：knowing　句意：簡沿著綠樹成蔭的街

48、道漫無目的地走著，不知道要去哪里。邏輯主語Jane與know之間是主動關(guān)系，且know表示的動作和句子謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞knowing，表伴隨。 19．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include ________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia． 答案：introducing　動詞incl

49、ude后缺賓語，需用所給動詞的動名詞形式作賓語。 20．(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________ (bring) your work home． 答案：to bring　句意：如果你在辦公室外面發(fā)現(xiàn)了你喜歡做的事情，你就不太可能把工作帶回家去做。be likely to do sth．“可能做某事”。 21．(2018·湖南三校聯(lián)考)Former Chinese premier Zhu Rongji is said __

50、______ (donate) nearly 40 million yuan of all of his books' royalty (版稅) income over the past two years． 答案：to have donated　由時間狀語over the past two years可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式的完成式。Sb． be said to have done sth． “據(jù)說某人已經(jīng)做過某事”。 22．(2018·江西九江十校聯(lián)考)But conservationists say that ________ (make) ivory legal to sell wo

51、uld lead to even more illegal hunting． 答案：making　句意：但(自然環(huán)境)保護(hù)主義者說使象牙出售合法化會導(dǎo)致甚至更多的非法捕獵。設(shè)空處作賓語從句的主語，表達(dá)的內(nèi)容并非指某一次的具體行為，故用動名詞形式作主語。因此填making。 23．(2018·河南重點(diǎn)高中質(zhì)檢)I felt hopeless and lonely, and more ________ (depress) than I knew was possible． 答案：depressed　句意：我感到絕望、孤獨(dú)及前所未有過的沮喪。設(shè)空處作felt的表語，故填depressed。

52、24．(2019·牡丹江一中高三摸底)________ (face) with a difficult situation, Amold decided to ask his boss for advice． 答案：Faced　be faced with “面對著……”；本句中應(yīng)使用短語faced with ．．． 對句子主語Amold的情況進(jìn)行說明，且在句中作原因狀語。句意：面對著艱難的形勢，Amold決定向老板征詢建議。 25．(2018·江西紅色七校一聯(lián))It is ________ (shock) that some investment banks even judge can

53、didates by whether they wear brown shoes． 答案：shocking　句意：令人震驚的是：一些投資銀行甚至根據(jù)申請者是否穿棕色鞋子來對他們作出評判。shocking “令人震驚的”；shocked “感到震驚的”。這兩者都是分詞化的形容詞，v．-ing多修飾物；v．-ed多修飾人。 二、單句改錯 1．(2019·昆明市高三摸底)Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night avoid human beings, a new study finds． ______________

54、__________________________________________________________ 答案：avoid前加to　句意：一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，獅子、老虎以及其他的動物在夜間保持清醒旨在避開人類。此處用動詞不定式作目的狀語，故avoid前加to。 2．(2019·惠州高三第一次調(diào)研)After purchase seedlings, we chose a place where the seedlings could get proper water and sunshine． ___________________________________________

55、_____________________________ 答案：purchase→purchasing　介詞after后應(yīng)跟動詞-ing形式作賓語。 3．(2018·北京高考)In my first P．E． class, the teacher required us run laps and then hit a softball． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：run前加to　根據(jù)require sb． to do sth． “要求某人做某事”可知，此處使用

56、不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 4．(2018·江蘇高考)With a new farm bill debating in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：debating→to be debated　分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，此處為“with＋名詞＋不定式”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句意，指法案將在國會進(jìn)行辯論，bill與debate之間存在著被動關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動式。 5．(

57、2018·浙江高考)Move into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Move→Moving　根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，此處Move into a new home in a new neighborhood部分作主語，而動詞短語不能直接作主語，故將Move改為Moving。 6．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Everyone was silent, wait to

58、see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：wait→waiting　主語Everyone與wait之間為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，因此將wait改成waiting。 7．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)When being combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make

59、 an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉being　因?yàn)檫壿嬛髡Zfrozen bananas與combine之間是被動關(guān)系，故狀語從句省略后用過去分詞combined; combine在句中邏輯主語與其并非主動關(guān)系，且無動作正在進(jìn)行之意，所以省略句中不用現(xiàn)在分詞，更無需其現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式。故可知應(yīng)刪去being。 8．(20

60、16·北京高考)Ordering over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Ordering→Ordered　句意：一周前訂的書，現(xiàn)在這些書有望隨時到達(dá)。order與主語books之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用過去分詞ordered作狀語。 9．(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying at home and

61、take a trip． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：take→taking　句意：我們可以選擇待在家里或是去旅行。between ．．． and ．．． 連接兩個并列成分，前面是staying at home，所以后面用taking a trip。 10．(2018·江西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Because we had not eaten ice cream for a long time, we got very exciting． ________________

62、________________________________________________________ 答案：exciting→excited　句意：因?yàn)楹荛L時間沒有吃過冰激凌了，所以我們都非常激動。exciting “令人激動的”，修飾物；excited “感到激動的”，修飾人。 11．(2017·江蘇高考)Work with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor． ______________________________________________________

63、__________________ 答案：Work→Working　句意：在非洲與醫(yī)療隊一起工作使她作為一名醫(yī)生的最佳素質(zhì)彰顯了出來。因?yàn)樵诰渲凶髦髡Z，因此需用work的動名詞形式working。 12．(2018·河南中原名校質(zhì)檢)Locating in North America, Canada is the second largest country with the largest number of lakes in the world． ____________________________________________________________________

64、____ 答案：Locating→Located　句意：加拿大位于北美洲，它是世界第二大國家，境內(nèi)湖泊數(shù)量世界第一。此處非謂語動詞作狀語。be located in “位于”，在本句中，應(yīng)用過去分詞短語作狀語。 13．(2019·桂林十八中高三月考)With nothing leaving to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：leaving→left　句意：剩下的沒有什

65、么東西可燃燒，火越來越弱最后熄滅了。句中nothing和動詞leave之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。 14．(2019·廈門一中高三月考)Offered the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made me overjoyed． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Offered→Being offered　句意：被給予在畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)言的機(jī)會讓我欣喜若狂。本句中的made me overjoyed是“謂語＋

66、賓語＋補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，前部分內(nèi)容應(yīng)該作主語，過去分詞不能作主語。本句中動名詞的被動式作主語。 15．(2018·鄭州質(zhì)檢)Judged from the look of the sky, it may clear up． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Judged→Judging　句意：由天色看來，可能會放晴。judging from/by是獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“根據(jù)……判斷”。 非謂語動詞(二) 四、非謂語動詞作表語 1．不定式：表示某一特定行為，尤其是將來的或有待實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為。 2．動名詞：不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作，只說明動作的名稱，或主語的內(nèi)容。 3．現(xiàn)在分詞：表示主語具有的特征。 4．過去分詞：表示主語的感受或所處的狀態(tài)。 My wish is to_be a scientist． The reason he gave was very convincing． He is shocked at what happened to his son． 五、