2022高考英語(yǔ)一輪達(dá)標(biāo) Unit 3 Life in the future練題（含解析）新人教版必修5

2022高考英語(yǔ)一輪達(dá)標(biāo) Unit 3 Life in the future練題（含解析）新人教版必修5一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Tea，the most typical English drink，became established in Britain because of the influence of a foreign princess，Catherine of Braganza，the queen of Charles .As a lover of tea since her childhood in Portugal，she brought tea­drinking to the English royal court and set a trend for the_beverage in the 17th century.The fashion soon spread beyond the circle of the nobility to the middle classes，and tea became a popular drink at the London coffee houses where people met to do business and discuss events of the day.Many employers served a cup of tea to their workers in the middle of the morning，thus inventing a lasting British institution，the“tea break”However，drinking tea in social settings outside the workplace was beyond the means of the majority of British people.It came with a high price tag and tea was taxed as well.Around 1800，the seventh Duchess of Bedford，Anna Maria Russell，began the popular practice of“afternoon tea”，a ceremony taking place at about four o'clock.Until then，people did not usually eat or drink anything between lunch and dinner.At approximately the same time，the Earl of Sandwich popularized a new way of eating breadin thin slices，with something like jam or cucumbers between them.Before long，a small meal at the end of the afternoon，involving tea and sandwiches, became part of the British way of life.As tea became much cheaper during the 19th century，its popularity spread right through all corners of the British society.Thus，tea became Britain's favorite drink.In working­class households，it was served with the main meal of the day，eaten when workers returned home after a day's labor.This meal has bee known as“high tea”Today，tea can be drunk at any time of the day，and accounts for over two­fifths of all drinks consumed in Britainwith the exception of water.1What is mainly discussed about tea in the text?AIts development in Britain.BIts traditional ways of drinking.CIts influence around the world.DIts popularity in Europe.2What do the underlined words“the beverage”probably refer to?ATea drinking.BA small meal.CA way of eating bread.DA choice of drinks.3Why was tea unable to be accepted as a mon drink in Britain in the 17th century?AIt was merely served in London.BIt was taxed as an alcoholic drink.CIt was forbidden in business settings.DIt was too expensive for most people.4How is the text organized?ABy cause and effect.BBy parison.CIn time order.DIn frequency order.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了茶在英國(guó)的發(fā)展歷史及其受歡迎的原因。1A考查主旨大意。從文章第一段的“in the 17th century”、第二段的“Around 1800”及第三段的“during the 19th century”可知，本文主要介紹了茶在英國(guó)的發(fā)展。故選A項(xiàng)。2A考查詞義猜測(cè)。從文中的“she brought tea­drinking to the English royal court and set a trend for the_beverage”可知，她把喝茶的習(xí)慣帶到了英國(guó)皇室并開啟了英國(guó)人喝茶的潮流，故選A項(xiàng)。3D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。從文章第一段的“However, drinking tea in social settings outside the workplace was beyond the means of the majority of British people.It came with a high price tag and tea was taxed as well”可知，17世紀(jì)，在英國(guó)茶不能作為一種普遍的飲料的原因是對(duì)大多數(shù)英國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，它的價(jià)格高并被征稅。故選D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“merely”，文中未提及；B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“alcoholic”，文中并未提及；C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“forbidden in business settings”，與文章第一段的內(nèi)容不符。4C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。從文章第一段的“in the 17th century”、第二段的“Around 1800”及第三段的“during the 19th century”可知，文章是按照時(shí)間順序來(lái)組織的。故選C項(xiàng)。二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1She can't tolerate _(treat) that way.答案：being treatedtolerate doing sth.“容忍做某事”。主語(yǔ)she與treat之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式，即being treated。2Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep _(impress)答案：impressionleave sb. a deep impression “給某人留下深刻印象”。3_(devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about other things.答案：Devoted本句中含有be devoted to的結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，描述一種狀態(tài)，即“潛心于研究工作”，故填devoted。4Please pass the papers on to the students _(seat) at the back of the classroom.答案：seated分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作定語(yǔ)，修飾the students，因此用所給詞的形容詞形式表示“入座的，就座的”這種狀態(tài)。故填seated。5Sales director is a position _munication ability is just as important as sales skills.答案：where設(shè)空處所填詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代表抽象地點(diǎn)的先行詞position，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，意為“在此職位上”，故填where。6In _(e) the headmaster, followed by a group of students.答案：came表示方向的副詞位于句首，且句子主語(yǔ)為名詞，句子應(yīng)采用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。7He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself _(surround)答案：surrounded本句中賓語(yǔ)himself和surround存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，故填surrounded。8The old man got on the bus, _(support) by a girl.答案：supportedthe old man與support之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞supported，在此處作方式狀語(yǔ)。9He is always ready to take _heavy responsibilities.答案：uptake up “開始擔(dān)當(dāng)(新的責(zé)任)”。take up responsibility “承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。10No one in the carriage had _(previous) spoken to the ticket owner before.答案：previously句意：事先車上沒人和這個(gè)持票人說(shuō)過(guò)話。副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)had spoken to。三、完形填空。There was once a widow who had two daughters.The _1_ widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality，but didn't love the other，who resembled her _2_，although she was pretty and friendly.The younger daughter had to _3_ hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister.Among her other _4_ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day _5_.One day _6_ she had just filled her pot at the fountain，an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water.Glad to show a kindness to the old woman，she _7_.Now，all of a sudden，there was no old trembling woman but a(n)_8_ who rewarded good deeds before her.“Your face is pretty _9_ your heart is gentle，” said she.“For your kindness，I will make you a gift.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel.”When the girl reached home，her ill mother _10_ her for her long absence.“Pardon me for being away so long，” she replied.As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her _11_.“What is this I see，child？” asked the _12_ widow.The poor girl was so happy to be _13_ child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her _14_ with the old woman at the fountain.The widow immediately _15_ her favorite daughter to do as the _16_ girl had done.When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the _17_，a beautiful lady appeared and _18_ a drink of water from the girl.“I have not e here to serve you，” she _19_ replied.The lady，who was the fairy，said，“I will make you a gift to _20_ your rudeness.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a snake or a toad(蟾蜍)”1A.good­tempered Bbad­temperedCkind Dbeautiful2A.daughter BteacherCmother Dfather3A.plain BplayCwork Dstudy4A.easy BhardCinteresting Dboring5A.within reachBwith easeCwithout hesitationDfrom a great distance6A.when BwhileConce Dbefore7A.hesitated BagreedCleft Dargued8A.boy Bold womanCold man Dfairy9A.although BbutCwhile Dand10A.scolded BpraisedCthanked Dforgave11A.waist BhairClips Dhands12A.amused BinterestedCastonished Dfrightened13A.awarded BcalledCshowed Dtaught14A.difficulty BthoughtCexperiment Dexperience15A.advised BgotCforced Dinvited16A.slim BtallCelder Dpoor17A.river BpoolCfountain Dwell18A.asked for Basked ofCasked about Dasked after19A.rudely BjokinglyCproudly Dhurriedly20A.deserve BfaceCequal Drepay【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了兩個(gè)性格和外表不同的姐妹對(duì)給予他人幫助的不同反應(yīng)及她們得到的相應(yīng)的結(jié)果，彰顯了善有善報(bào)的道理。1B根據(jù)下文中的“her ill mother”并結(jié)合下文她訓(xùn)斥小女兒可推知，她脾氣不好。2D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處與“herself”形成對(duì)比。小女兒不像她而是像父親。3C根據(jù)下文中的“Among her other _4_ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day _5_”并結(jié)合“l(fā)ive upon the leftovers of her elder sister”可推知，小女兒整天要做許多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩飯菜生活。4B根據(jù)上文中的“The younger daughter had to _3_ hard all day”可推知，小女兒的工作都很辛苦，很累人。5D根據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，小女兒過(guò)得很艱難。由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知，小女兒還得每天從很遠(yuǎn)的地方挑水，這與其艱難的生活境況呼應(yīng)。6A此處應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞One day。7B根據(jù)空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the old woman”可推知，小女兒答應(yīng)了老婦人的請(qǐng)求。8D根據(jù)下文的“The lady，who was the fairy”可推知，老婦人是仙女變過(guò)來(lái)的。9D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處前后句表示邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，故選D。10A與“her ill mother”和“her long absence”呼應(yīng)并結(jié)合下文小女兒的道歉可知，此處表示小女兒受到母親的訓(xùn)斥。11C根據(jù)上文中的“Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel”可知，小女兒以后說(shuō)話會(huì)口吐花兒或者寶石，故選C。lip“嘴唇”，符合語(yǔ)境。12C小女兒突然口吐珍珠和寶石，她的母親自然很吃驚。astonished“吃驚的”。13B根據(jù)上文中的“What is this I see，child”可推知，寡婦很震驚，對(duì)小女兒的態(tài)度突然轉(zhuǎn)變，柔和了很多，稱她為“孩子”。14D小女兒迫切地將自己遇到仙女的經(jīng)歷告訴了母親。experience“經(jīng)歷”。15Bget sb.to do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境。16D與上文中的“The poor girl”呼應(yīng)可推知，這里指可憐的小女兒。17C 與上文中的“One day _6_ she had just filled her pot at the fountain”呼應(yīng)可推知，大女兒也來(lái)到噴泉那里。18A 與上文中的“an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water”呼應(yīng)可推知，一個(gè)漂亮的女士向大女兒討水喝。19A與下文中的“your rudeness”呼應(yīng)可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)大女兒舉止很粗魯，與上文的“the impatient girl”呼應(yīng)，故選A。20C結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示仙女要送給大女兒一份與她的粗魯相匹配的禮物。equal“比得上”。四、單句改錯(cuò)1Despite his lack experience, he got the job._答案：lack后加oflack of. “缺少；的缺乏”，該短語(yǔ)中l(wèi)ack為名詞，常與of連用。2As far as I know, the government will speed the pace of our economic reform._答案：speed后加upspeed up “加速”。3Giving another hour, I can also work out this problem._答案：GivingGivengive與I之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)意義。4The place was so crowded and we soon lose sight of him._答案：loselostand連接兩個(gè)并列的簡(jiǎn)單句，由前一句中的was可知，后一分句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。5At sight of the snake, the girl burst into tears._答案：sight前加theat the sight of “一看見”。五、七選五Imagine that you're an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time.You've learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage.Waiting behind the closed curtain，you can hear the audience whispering.Then your big moment arrives！The curtain goes up，and the crowd falls silent.All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you._1_ The inside of your mouth is dry，and your hands are wet.If you've experienced a moment like this，you know all too well what it means to have stage fright.It's one of the most mon types of fear._2_ You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports，giving a talk，or even speaking in class._3_ The experience differs from person to person，but the same chemical process occurs on each of us.In reaction to anxiety，our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly.Scientists refer to this as our bodies' “fight for fright” reaction.As a result，we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat，our hearts race and knees shake._4_ Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.Firstly，dress fortably and appropriately.Secondly，before the performance，take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body.Thirdly，stay away from drinks that contain caffeine(咖啡因)_5_ Instead，try a banana！Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body.Finally，when you look into a crowd，try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group.These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.AThey might make your heart race even faster.BMaybe you don't have to be onstage to get stage fright.CStage fright is really part of the body's reaction to stress.DWith practice，we can learn how to relax while playing sports.EThen you try to speak your lines，but nothing seems to e out.FThere's a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.GHowever，the good news about stage fright is that there are ways to deal with it.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了人們經(jīng)常會(huì)經(jīng)歷的舞臺(tái)恐懼及應(yīng)對(duì)舞臺(tái)恐懼的幾種方法。1E上文提到了站在舞臺(tái)上的所聽所見，下文提到了舞臺(tái)恐懼的表現(xiàn)，所以中間連接句也應(yīng)是在舞臺(tái)上的表現(xiàn)，所以選E項(xiàng)。2B下文提到在參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、演講甚至在課堂上發(fā)言都可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷這種恐懼，所以空處應(yīng)講的是有時(shí)這種恐懼不一定只出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上，所以選B項(xiàng)。3C本段講的是舞臺(tái)恐懼產(chǎn)生的過(guò)程及身體對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)，所以空處應(yīng)該解釋舞臺(tái)恐懼與身體反應(yīng)的聯(lián)系，所以選C項(xiàng)。4G下文講的是應(yīng)對(duì)舞臺(tái)恐懼的方法，所以空處應(yīng)統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段內(nèi)容，所以選G項(xiàng)。5A上文提到要遠(yuǎn)離含有咖啡因的飲料，下文應(yīng)該陳述原因，所以選A項(xiàng)。