（全國(guó)通用版）2019高考英語(yǔ)三輪沖刺提分練 組合練 第14練 閱讀理解+完形填空+語(yǔ)法填空+短文改錯(cuò)

閱讀理解+完形填空+語(yǔ)法填空+短文改錯(cuò).閱讀理解(2018·山西三區(qū)八校二模)Ithasbecomeacertainbeliefamongthepublicdrinkatleasteightglassesofwateradaytoimprovehealthandwell­being.Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.Themisunderstandingiscausedfromthesuggestionthatadultsshoulddrink2.5litersofwaterdaily，whichwasstressedbytheBritishMedicalJournalinDecember.Theimportantpartofthesuggestionisthatmostofthisquantityofwateriscontainedinpreparedfoods，which，however，isusuallyignored.USresearcherswhoreviewedtheevidenceconcludedthatmostpeopledonotneedtoworryabouttheamountofwatertheydrinkeveryday.Besidesdrinkingwater，theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea，coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotaliftheydontdrinktoomuch，thoughthesedrinkshelptheproductionofurine(尿)Lesswellknownarethedangersofdrinkingtoomuchwater，causingwaterpoisoning，lowsaltlevelsandevendeath.ThereviewofresearchbyDanNegoianu，fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania，foundthatnotasinglestudyincludedthesuggestionofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.Althoughonesmallstudysuggestedthatdrinkingwatercouldresultinfewerheadaches，theresultswerenotveryimportant.However，thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare，separately，provedtobetrue.Nostudiesshowedanyadvantagestothecoloroftheskinbecauseoftheincreasedwatertakenintobodies.Dehydration(脫水)canmakeskinlesspleasant，buttherewasnoclearevidencetosupporttheideathatwaterhelpspeoplekeepayouthfulappearance.Theresearchersalsofoundnoevidencethatdrinkinglotsofwaterdoessomegoodtothebodysorgans.1Fromthepassage，weknowthatthesuggestionaboutdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.AcausessomeseriousdiseasesBhasenoughscientificevidencetosupportitCismisunderstoodbypeopleinfactDwaspublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal2Fromthepassagewelearnthatmanypeopledontknowthat.AtheproductionofurinecancausewatertoloseBhealthcanbeimprovedbydrinkingplentyofwaterCbetterskincanresultfromtheintakeofmuchwaterDcaffeinateddrinkscanprovidethewaterpeopleneed3Whatcanbeprovedaboutdrinkingalotofwateraccordingtothepassage?AReducingthebadinfluenceofdrinkingalcohol.BHelpingtokeepyouthfullooks.CMakingthebodysorgansstronger.DCausingbadheadaches.4Thewritersmainpurposeofwritingthispassageisto.ApersuadepeopletodrinkdifferentkindsofwaterBtellpeopledrinkingmuchwaterisnotashealthyasisconsideredCwarnpeopleofthedangerofdrinkingmuchwaterDhelppeoplerealizetheimportanceofdrinkingenoughwatereveryday.完形填空(2018·江西新余二模)Overtheyears，thankstomylifesobstacles，Iunderstoodthemeaningoffaithandthestrongwilltosurvive.ItwasHurricaneIkethatmademefully5thebeautyofourstrengthandahumansmotivationto6.Momhadatwo­week7insummer.WhileweenjoyedourholidayinSoutheastTexas，wedidntrealizethefactthatIke8causemonthsandlikelyyearsof“l(fā)abor”BySeptember7th，the“eyesofTexas”werewatchingHurricaneIkemore9，makingthetypicalmadrushforlast­minutehurricane10.Twodayslater，bothoilandicewerein11demand.IntheearlyhoursofSeptember11th，someneighborswereplanningto12thestormintheirhomes，13othersweremakingfinalpreparationstogetaway.Atfirst，wedecidedtostay.Butthatafternoon，theHouston­Galvestonareawouldbeonthemore14sideofthestorm.MomandIpackedsomeofourmost15belongingsinthecarand16theEastTexastownofLufkin.AsIkepushedfartherinland，we17powerinLufkin.OnSunday，ournext­doorneighbortoldusviacellphonethatour18hadremainedwell.Ourhopescouldnothavebeen19.Butafewhourslater，theneighborsreportedthatourbrickchimneyhad20，anditwassittingonourlivingroom，21aholeintheroofbetweentwoskylights(天窗)Wewouldntbeallowedtoreturnhome22September17th.Iclimbedupstairs，andlookedtowardtheholeintheroofwhichshowedabeautifulbluesky.Withouthesitation，Ishouted，“Wow! Athirdskylight！”MyneighborscouldnotbelieveIwasmakingjokes23crying，but24isalwaysgoodmedicine.ItwaswiththatjokethatIknew，giventime，everythingwouldbeokay.5A.observeBexploreCappreciateDimprove6A.recoverBapologizeCworkDchange7A.meetingBjourneyCscheduleDvacation8A.mustBmightCwouldDshould9A.closelyBconstantlyCwarninglyDdifferently10A.adventureBsuppliesCequipmentDreports11A.basicBpureCneatDhigh12A.putawayBgetthroughCtestoutDsufferfrom13A.sinceBwhenCwhileDuntil14A.awesomeBabundantCpeacefulDdangerous15A.preciousBconcreteCavailableDpotential16A.setoutBheadedforCsettleddownDwatchedout17A.lostBreducedCproducedDprovided18A.gardenBpoolChouseDyard19A.clearerBhigherClowerDwilder20A.passedBstoodCfollowedDgone21A.diggingBfillingCleavingDkicking22A.byBbeforeCafterDuntil23A.inspiteofBinsteadofCapartfromDintermsof24A.laughterBwillCstrengthDfaith.語(yǔ)法填空Doyouknow25.astorygetsintothenewspaper？Hereisanexample.Imaginethatacitybushasturnedoverinaditch，injuringsomeofthepassengers.Aneyewitnesscallsthenewspaper.Thenareporterissenttothescene，at26.hetalkstopassengers，driverandwitnesses.Hefindsoutwhattheysaw,27.(set) downtheiranswersorcomments.Meanwhile，a28.(profession) photographerisbusytakingpictures.Manyreportersuseportablecomputerswhichallowthem29.(write) thestoryonthespotandthensenditbacktotheoffice.Next，aneditorconcentrates30.thestory，checkingfacts，grammarandspelling.Atthesametime，apictureischosen.Thestoryissetinprint.Onmostnewspaperstoday，this31.(do) withacomputer.Thecomputermakessetsofcolumnsoftype，whicharepassedontoasheetofpaper32.(exact) thesamesizeasanewspaperpage.Onlyafteraproofreaderchecksthestoryformistakes33.(be) thenewspaperreadyforprinting.Thenthepresses(印刷機(jī)) begintorun.Milesofpaperareturnedintothousandsof34.(print) newspapers.Theyarecountedandplacedinwaitingtrucks.Withinafewhours，peoplecanreadaboutthebusaccidentintheirdailynewspaper.短文改錯(cuò)(2018·四川南充一診)Theenvironmentpollutionwasmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown，someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeengreataffectedbyair，noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasescausingbypollution.Inordertolivethebetterlife，itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle，reduceandreusethings，whatsavesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingssolongaspossible.Dontuseplasticbag.Besides，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingitdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.答案解析.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究結(jié)果：人們“每天喝八杯水來(lái)保持健康”是一種誤導(dǎo)性的認(rèn)識(shí)，沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明“每天喝八杯水”有什么好處，相反飲水過(guò)多會(huì)導(dǎo)致水中毒、低鹽甚至死亡。1C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day，scientists say.”科學(xué)家說(shuō)沒(méi)有證據(jù)來(lái)證明“每天喝八杯水”的好處，可知選C。2D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besides drinking water，they will be getting plenty of liquid in other ways.Caffeinated drinks such as tea，coffee and cola and alcohol can help reach the daily total.”除了喝水，他們還能用很多其他方式得到大量的液體，諸如茶、咖啡、可樂(lè)及酒等含咖啡因的飲料能幫助人們達(dá)到日常所需的總量可知選D。3A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“However，the benefits of drinking some water to prevent a pain in head after drinking too much alcohol are，separately，proved to be true.”可知，飲酒過(guò)多之后喝一些水可以防止頭疼卻被證明是真的。故答案為A。4B主旨大意題。本文在第一段點(diǎn)出主題：“Bottled water companies often repeat it to increase their sales but it is actually a silly idea.There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day，scientists say.”，下文進(jìn)行了具體的介紹。故選B。.語(yǔ)篇解讀作者通過(guò)講述颶風(fēng)Ike來(lái)臨前人們的準(zhǔn)備和颶風(fēng)走后的情況，告訴讀者笑是一劑良藥。給點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間，一切都會(huì)變好的。5C從上文的“Over the years，thanks to my lifes obstacles(障礙)”，可知，是颶風(fēng)Ike讓我充分領(lǐng)略了我們的力量之美和人類(lèi)恢復(fù)的動(dòng)力。observe觀(guān)察；explore 探索；appreciate欣賞，感激；improve提高。故選C。6A颶風(fēng)之后，人們會(huì)盡量恢復(fù)。recover恢復(fù)；apologize道歉；work工作；change改變。故選A。7D根據(jù)下句“While we enjoyed our holiday”可知，夏天媽媽有兩個(gè)星期的假期。meeting會(huì)議；journey旅行；schedule時(shí)刻表；vacation假期。故選D。8C我們?cè)诘驴怂_斯東南部度假的時(shí)候，我們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到Ike將會(huì)導(dǎo)致幾個(gè)月可能幾年的勞動(dòng)。must必須；might可能；would將會(huì)；should應(yīng)該。故選C。9A“eyes of Texas”更密切地觀(guān)察颶風(fēng)Ike。closely密切地；constantly連續(xù)地；warningly警告地；differently不同地。故選A。10B從下一句中的“Two days later，both oil and ice were in demand.”可知，人們?yōu)榈钟Z風(fēng)在做典型的最后一分鐘瘋狂購(gòu)買(mǎi)供應(yīng)品。adventure冒險(xiǎn)；supply供給；equipment設(shè)備；report報(bào)告。故選B。11D根據(jù)上一句中的關(guān)鍵詞mad rush for可知人們的購(gòu)買(mǎi)程度。所以?xún)商旌螅秃捅夹枨罅亢芨?。basic基本的；pure純的；neat整潔的；high高的。故選D。12B根據(jù)題后的“the storm in their homes”可知，一些鄰居計(jì)劃在家里度過(guò)風(fēng)暴。put away收好，儲(chǔ)存；get through接通，度過(guò)；test out檢驗(yàn)；suffer from遭受。故選B。13C根據(jù)上文中的some neighbors和該空后的others可知，此處是兩種人的不同做法。since自從；when當(dāng)時(shí)候；while然而；until 直到。然而，其他的人在做最后的準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)，這里表示對(duì)比，故選C。14D根據(jù)上文的“At first，we decided to stay.”以及表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的but可知Houston­Galveston地區(qū)將處于風(fēng)暴的更危險(xiǎn)的地帶。awesome可怕的；abundant大量的；peaceful寧?kù)o的； dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。故選D。15A根據(jù)常識(shí)可知：危難關(guān)頭肯定只帶貴重物品，所以，媽媽和我收拾了一些最重要的物品。precious珍貴的；concrete具體的；available可獲得的；potential有潛力的。故選A。16B句意為：前往德克薩斯州東邊的Lufkin小鎮(zhèn)。set out出發(fā)；head for前往；settle down定居下來(lái)；watch out當(dāng)心。故選B。17Alose失去；reduce減少；produce制作；provide提供。隨著Ike深入內(nèi)陸，我們?cè)贚ufkin時(shí)停電了，故選A。18Cgarden花園；pool水池；house房子；yard院子。星期天，我們的隔壁鄰居通過(guò)電話(huà)告訴我們，我們的房子還在。故選C。19Bclearer更清楚；higher更高的；lower更低的；wilder更野蠻的。我們不會(huì)期望更高了，故選B。20Dpass通過(guò)；stand站；follow跟隨；go消失。幾小時(shí)后，鄰居通知我們的煙囪沒(méi)有了，故選D。21Cdig挖；fill填滿(mǎn)；leave離開(kāi)，遺留；kick踢。在兩個(gè)天窗之間留了一個(gè)洞，故選C。22Dby通過(guò)；before在前面；after在后面；until直到。我們到9月17號(hào)才被允許回家。故選D。23Bin spite of雖然；instead of代替，而不是；apart from除了；in terms of依據(jù)，就而言。我的鄰居簡(jiǎn)單不敢相信我是在開(kāi)玩笑而不是在哭。故選B。24Alaughter笑聲；will 意志；strength力量；faith信念。從上文作者的玩笑可知，面對(duì)災(zāi)難作者沒(méi)有哭泣而是笑對(duì)人生。故選A。.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了發(fā)生在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的事情是怎樣經(jīng)過(guò)一步步的程序，最終刊登在報(bào)紙上的。25how考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為：你知道新聞是怎樣刊登在報(bào)紙上的嗎？分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞know后面的從句是賓語(yǔ)從句；從句中主謂賓俱全，但是根據(jù)句意和下文故事見(jiàn)報(bào)的過(guò)程可知，該句缺少方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“怎樣”應(yīng)用how。故填how。26which考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the scene。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。故填which。27setting考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子成分可知，句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞finds out，因此此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)set down與其邏輯主語(yǔ)he之間是主謂關(guān)系，且其動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間與句子謂語(yǔ)finds out發(fā)生的時(shí)間幾乎同時(shí)，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作狀語(yǔ)。故填setting。28professional考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞photographer，需用形容詞。故填professional。29towrite考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事，是固定用法。故填towrite。30on考查介詞。concentrate on專(zhuān)心于，集中精力在，是固定搭配。故填on。31isdone考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致。此處敘述報(bào)紙的印刷過(guò)程，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；又因動(dòng)詞do和主語(yǔ)this之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再由于this是單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)，所以be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。故填is done。32exactly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子成分可知，所填詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填exactly。33is考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致?！癘nly狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)，句子需用部分倒裝；由此可知，所填詞為句子的謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“checks”可知，此處需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)the newspaper為單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)。故填is。34printed考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子成分可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾newspapers；又因print與newspapers之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此需用過(guò)去分詞。故填printed。.Theenvironmentpollutionmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown，someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeenaffectedbyair，noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasesbypollution.Inordertolivebetterlife，itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle，reduceandreusethings，savesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingslongaspossible.Dontuseplastic.Besides，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.10