2022年高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 專題2 第3講 介詞學(xué)案

2022年高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 專題2 第3講 介詞學(xué)案考點(diǎn)歸納1：盡可能熟悉常用介詞如with, by, on, along, against等的用法，難點(diǎn)介詞beyond, within, over, across, through, despite等的意思及其搭配?？键c(diǎn)歸納2：牢記下列常見的復(fù)合介詞： in addition to besides除以外，還有in case of萬一發(fā)生in mon with與有共同之處，與相同in face of面對(duì)in danger of處于的危險(xiǎn)中in defence of為了保護(hù)in need/want of需要in short of缺in favour of有利于in exchange for以交換in memory of為了紀(jì)念in honour of為了表示對(duì)的崇敬in praise of為了贊美in charge of負(fù)責(zé)in the charge of由負(fù)責(zé)in possession of擁有in the possession of由擁有in search of為了尋找in preparation for為作準(zhǔn)備in place of代替，而不是in hopes for/in the hope of希望in the course of在的過程中in front of在的前面in the front of在的前部in the form of以的形式in the name of以名義in relation to與相關(guān)；和相聯(lián)系in reply to答復(fù)in response to/in answer to作為對(duì)的回應(yīng)in regard to關(guān)于/至于in return for作為對(duì)的回報(bào)in spite of盡管in support of支持in terms of就而言in harmony with與和諧in line with與一致/符合in payment for為了償還according to依據(jù)，根據(jù)owing to/because of/on account of/ due to因?yàn)閠hanks to多虧了by means of憑借as for/to至于apart from除以外except for除了(整體的某個(gè)不足的部分)regardless of不管contrary to與相反on behalf of代表but for要不是由于out of curiosity 出于好奇考點(diǎn)歸納3：注意下列帶介詞的詞組：(1)介詞to可表示“一一對(duì)應(yīng)”關(guān)系，其搭配如下：與名詞搭配：on the way to在去的路上the solution to the problem問題的解決方法the key to the door門的鑰匙the answer to the question問題的答案to the point切中要害，中肯to one's taste合某人胃口to one's surprise/ joy/ delight令人吃驚/高興/快樂的是與動(dòng)詞搭配：devoteto為作貢獻(xiàn)dance to music伴著音樂跳舞adaptto適應(yīng)adjustto調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)attachto把粘貼到上oweto把歸功于(2)on的搭配難點(diǎn)詞組：depend/ rely on依賴于be hard on sb.對(duì)某人苛刻be on a research team研究隊(duì)中的一員take on雇傭；呈現(xiàn)(3)over可以表示“在某事/活動(dòng)進(jìn)行的過程中”，如：over a cup of coffee在喝咖啡的時(shí)候over lunch在吃中餐的時(shí)候(4)考生要熟悉多個(gè)“形容詞介詞”的詞組以及“be done介詞(done已經(jīng)形容詞化，表示狀態(tài))”；如：be conscious of意識(shí)到be aware of意識(shí)到；明白be worthy of值得；配得上be absent from缺席be present at出席be busy with/in doing忙于be anxious about為擔(dān)心be ashamed of因而慚愧be suspicious of懷疑be different from與不同be similar to與相似be familiar with sth. 熟悉某物be fond of喜愛be strict with sb. 對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格be strict in sth. 在某方面嚴(yán)格be popular with受到的歡迎be tired of厭倦be lost in迷失在；專心于be related to與有關(guān)be devoted to致力于be satisfied with對(duì)滿意be crowded with擠滿了be stuck in陷入(某種困境)例1：(xx·天津卷) My father warned me _ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. A. by B. on C. for D. against【解析】D本題考查動(dòng)詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配。warn sb. against doing sth. 相當(dāng)于warn sb. not to do sth., 意思是“警告某人不要干某事”。句意：我父親警告我不要去西海岸，因?yàn)槟抢飻D滿了游客。例2：(xx·湖北卷) When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men. A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of【解析】C考查介詞詞組。根據(jù)句意，“當(dāng)在問及對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng)有什么看法時(shí)，很多老師支持年輕人，希望他讓位?！眎n praise of 表揚(yáng)；in terms of 就而言；in need of 需要。 例3：(xx·北京卷)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _color. A. by B. for C. with D. in【解析】D考查介詞的用法。in color以彩色照片或圖片的方式攝制，固定搭配。take pictures in color拍彩色照片。 例4：(xx·北京卷)Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are _ everyone's enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D. to【解析】C本題考查介詞的搭配。for sb.'s enjoyment是習(xí)慣用語，意思為“為了某人的快樂”，其中sb.'s也可以省去，變?yōu)閒or enjoyment，例如：We work in the garden for enjoyment. 我們?yōu)閷で髽啡ざ趫@子里勞作。例5：(xx·重慶卷)The dictionary is what I want, but I don't have enough money _ me. A. by B. for C. in D. with【解析】D本題考查介詞的搭配額。此處with me相當(dāng)于on me 表示“身上帶有”。I don't have enough money with me 意思是“我沒有隨身帶那么多錢”。 【小結(jié)】 介詞主要考查常用介詞的用法及辨析；介詞與其他詞構(gòu)成的一些短語；動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞與介詞的固定搭配等。