新人教選修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity[名詞性從句]

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1、2021/6/301 Grammar The Noun Clauses2021/6/302名詞性從句名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(NounClauses）。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句(SubjectClause)、賓語從句(ObjectClause)、表語從句(PredicativeClause)和同位語從句(AppositiveClause2021/6/303Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to

2、 know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting. 主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句2021/6/304SubjectClause(主語從句)ObjectClause(賓語從句)NounclausePredicativeClause(表語從句)2021/6/305主語從句主語從句一個句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語叫主語從句。一個句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語叫主語從句。e.g.Thattheearthisr

3、oundistrue.Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.Whatyouaredoingseemsverydifficult.Whentheywillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.2021/6/306引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞是不能省略的。引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞是不能省略的。ThattheearthisroundistrueThat-從句作主語通常用從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將作先行詞，而將that-從從句置于句末，例如：句置于句末，例如：Itistruethattheearthisround.Itsapitythatyoushoul

4、dhavetoleave.你非走不可真是件憾事。你非走不可真是件憾事。2021/6/3072.表示表示“是否是否”意義時，一般用意義時，一般用whether而不用而不用if引導(dǎo)主語從句，引導(dǎo)主語從句，Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.但如果有形式主語但如果有形式主語it引導(dǎo)時，既可用引導(dǎo)時，既可用whether，也可用也可用if。e.g.Itisstillaquestionifshewillcomeornot.3.有時可用形式主語有時可用形式主語it代替主語從句：代替主語從句：e.g.Itisstillaquestionwhethershewill

5、comeornot.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhentheywillstart.2021/6/308用用it作形式主語的作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：配關(guān)系：It+be+形容詞形容詞+that-從句從句Itisnecessarythat有必要有必要Itisimportantthat重要的是重要的是Itisobviousthat很明顯很明顯b.It+be+-ed分詞分詞+that-從句從句Itisbelievedthat人們相信人們相信Itisknowntoallthat從所周知從所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已決定

6、已決定2021/6/309c.It+be+名詞名詞+that-從句從句Itiscommonknowledgethat是常識是常識Itisasurprisethat令人驚奇的是令人驚奇的是Itisafactthat事實是事實是d.It+不及物動詞不及物動詞+that-分句分句Itappearsthat似乎似乎Ithappensthat碰巧碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起我突然想起2021/6/3010 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether2. _ he s

7、aid at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter練一練！練一練！2021/6/3011 what與與that在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時的區(qū)別在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時的區(qū)別: what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,如主語如主語,賓語賓語,表語表語,表示表示的的.而而that則不然則不然,它在句它在句子中只起連接作用子中只起連接作用,沒有意義沒有意義. (1) What you said yesterday is right. (2) T

8、hattheearthgoesaroundthesuniswell-knowntoeverybody. 2021/6/30123. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. _the sports meet will be held depends on the weather.A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That5. _ is a fact that English is being accepted a

9、s an international language. A. There B. ThisC. That D. It2021/6/30136. When and why he came here _ yet. A . is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 7. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space. A. where B. what C. that

10、 D. how 3. It worried Mary a lot _ she would pass the college entrance examination. A. whether B. if C. that D. how 2021/6/3014賓語從句賓語從句一個句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語就叫賓語從句。一個句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語就叫賓語從句。e.g.Doyouknowwhereheis?Imglad(that)youhavepassedtheexam.Idontknowwhether(if)youarewillingtohelpme.ImsorryforwhatIhavesaid.我為我

11、說的話表示歉意。我為我說的話表示歉意。2021/6/3015特別提示特別提示1.由連接詞由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時常被省去，但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句第二個分句前的前的that不可省。不可省。2021/6/30162.下列賓語從句下列賓語從句必須用必須用whether引導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)，不可不可用用if: a.從句后有從句后有ornot時，不可用時，不可用if:Idontknowwhetherhewillcomeornot. b.介詞賓語通常用介詞賓語通

12、常用whether引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo):Itdependsonwhetherheiscomingornot.這要看他是否會來。這要看他是否會來。c.后接動詞不定式時。后接動詞不定式時。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告訴我是去還是留？你能否告訴我是去還是留？2021/6/30173.用用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從賓語從句句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序陳述語序。Doyou

13、knowhowoldheis?Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知我想知道他告訴了你什么。道他告訴了你什么。Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。的支持。2021/6/30184.think,believe,imagine,suppose等動詞引等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)?/p>

14、否定式。即將從句中的否定形式移動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：到主句中。例如：Wedontthinkyouarehere.我們認(rèn)為你不我們認(rèn)為你不在這。在這。Idontbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不會我相信他不會這樣做。這樣做。2021/6/3019Heasked_foraviolin（MET1992）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid2Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.(NMET1997)A.h

15、oweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever3.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster_hehaddonethedaybefore.A.thatB.howC.whatD.where2021/6/30204.Theoldmansmiledwhenhesawhowpretty_uptobeduringthepastfewyears.A.hadhisdaughtergrownB.wouldhisdaughtergrowC.hisdaughterwouldgrowD.hisdaughterhadgrown5.Haveyou

16、seenMarylately?Mybosswantstoknow_.A.howsheisgettingalongB.howisshegettingalongC.whatsheisgettingalongD.whatisshegettingalong2021/6/30216.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin_,but_.A.whichweget;whatgiveweB.whatweget;whatwegiveC.whichdoweget;whatdowegiveD.howweget;thatwegive7.Youcantimagine_whentheyreceivedthese

17、niceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited8.Doyouknow_?A.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworld?B.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworldC.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisD.whatthepopulationoftheworldis2021/6/30229. I dont doubt _ hell come. A. th

18、atB. ifC. whatD. whether10. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not. A. if B. where C. whether D. thatIf depends on _ we will be ready in time. A. whether B. that C. if D. when2021/6/3023表語從句表語從句一個句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語就叫表語從句一個句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語就叫表語從句.表語從句放表語從句放在連系動詞后，如：在連系動詞后，如：be，seem,

19、remain等，有時等，有時用用asif引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+系動詞系動詞+that從句。從句。e.g.TheproblemisthatIamshortofmoney.Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.Thequestionishowwecangetthere.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了?？瓷先ヌ煲掠炅恕?021/6/3024特別提醒特別提醒1.表語從句中的時態(tài)不受主句的限制表語從句中的時態(tài)不受主句的限制.2.表語從句是不用表語從句是不用if引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的,要用要用whether.主語是主語是r

20、eason時，表語從句常用時，表語從句常用that，不，不用用because.Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.2021/6/3025Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon（上海2001年春季招生）A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where3._sh

21、ecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that2021/6/30264.GoandgetyourcoatIts_youleftitA.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere5.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas_thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.that6.Thecityisnolonger_.A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitused tobe7.Theproblemis_hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that 若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正，謝謝！若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正，謝謝！