高一英語《Module1 Grammar》導(dǎo)學(xué)案

Book III Module 1 GrammarI. Teaching aims:1. Learn subject and verb agreement2. Enable students to use subject and verb agreement correctlyImportant and difficult points:1. Master subject and verb agreement and finish the practice correctlyII. Teaching method:Deductive method, Explanation and PracticingIII. Learning Objectives:1. To Learn subject and verb agreement2. To learn how use subject and verb agreement correctlyIV. Learning Procedure:Step1 Lead-in (Read the following sentences and summarize the definition and principles)The poet and the writer have told me their story. (_)My family lives in Tianjin. (_)Not only you but also I am a student. (_)主謂一致指“_”和“_”方面的一致關(guān)系。對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說，往往會(huì)在掌握主語和隨后的謂語動(dòng)詞之間的一致問題上遇到困難。一般情況下，主謂之間的一致關(guān)系由以下三個(gè)原則的支配：_原則，_原則，_原則 。Step 2 Explanation and practice1. 連詞詞組連主語，“就近原則”是一般。      常見連詞詞組有 neither  nor  /either  or  /whether  or  / not only  but also  / not  but 等等，這些連詞連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與最鄰近的主語一致。如：      Not only you but also I _ (be) a student.2. 若是 and 來相連，“兼職、并列”細(xì)分辨。      and 連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，例： the teacher and the writer 為并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，而 the teacher and writer 則是一人兩重身份，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)。如：      The principal and party secretary  _ (be) to make a speech this afternoon.      The teacher and writer  _ (be)  coming here.但有時(shí)兩種職業(yè)不可能由一人擔(dān)任。如：      The doctor and nurse  _ (be) doing their work.      不能按兼職對(duì)待，因此謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3. “ There be ”句型并不難，謂語動(dòng)詞按后邊。      該句型為倒裝句，因此“ be ”的單復(fù)數(shù)按后邊的主語。如：      There  _ (be)  a student in the classroom.      但如果有兩個(gè)以上主語則按“就近原則”。如：      There  _ (be) a table and two chairs in the room.  4. 集體名詞作語，“整體、個(gè)體”認(rèn)真看。      集合名詞作主語時(shí)，若作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若側(cè)重指組成該集合的成員或個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。常見集體名詞有 family / team / class / audience / couple / firm/ 等等。如：      The team  _ (be) at the bottom of the third division.      The team  _ (be)  full of energy.  但“ cattle, police, people, militia ”作主語常用復(fù)數(shù)；而“ machinery, furniture, jewelry ”雖也是總稱，卻常用單數(shù)。5. 主語后面有介短，謂語動(dòng)詞仍是“單”。      在主語后有 as well as / not to mention / along with / besides / except / but / in addition to / 等短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與前面的真正主語一致。如：      Tom together with his two sisters  _ (be) watching TV.      A pair of shoes _ (be)  under the bed.      但 All of the students  _ (be)  listening to their teacher. 例外。  6. 是“一”是“二”要分清，“眉須”齊抓絕不行。      疑問代詞或疑問副詞并列使用時(shí)，要注意它引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)問題的兩個(gè)方面還是兩個(gè)問題。如：      When and where to build the new factory  _ (be)  not decided.      When to build the new factory and where to build the new factory  _ (have not)  been decided.  7. 固定結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，道理不講自分明。      當(dāng) each  and each  , every  and every  , no  and no  , many a  and many a  , more than one, many a 等結(jié)構(gòu)連接并列的主語或修飾主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：      More than one student  _ (be)  late for the class this morning.      Each boy and each girl  _ (be)  asked to hand in their homework in time.  8. 莫把原形當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)，精力集中別發(fā)蒙。      以 s 結(jié)尾的國名、地名、書名、團(tuán)體、組織機(jī)構(gòu)等專有名詞和以 ics 結(jié)尾的表學(xué)科名稱的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。常見的詞有 news ， the United States, Sons and Lovers （書名）， economics, physics, politics, mathematics 等。如：      Economics  _ (be)  the science of choice.      Here  _ (be)  good news for you.  9. 分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)不難辨，真正內(nèi)涵后面觀。如：Two-thirds of the area  _ (be)  covered by trees.      Over 80% of the population of China  _ (be)  peasants.  10. 非謂、從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞一律單。      非謂語動(dòng)詞即動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。名詞性從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞一般也用單數(shù)。但是 what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于表語的單復(fù)數(shù)。如：      Planting vegetables  _ (need)  constant watering.      What we need badly here  _ (be) more time.      What we need badly here  _ (be)  doctors.  11. 不定代詞按單數(shù)，偶復(fù)情況記牢固。   常見不定代詞有： everyone, everybody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody 等。如：      Is everybody here?      All  _ (be) worked by the computer here.但 None of the students is / are listening to his / their teacher.    All are here. all 指人時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)。12. “ the + 形容詞”指一類，不懂內(nèi)涵定不會(huì)。      the 加上形容詞或分詞如 old, young, rich, poor, blind, weak, dead, wounded, disabled, injured 等表一類人，其意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)。 the 加上以 -sh, -ese, -ch 等結(jié)尾的表示國家、民族的形容詞，也表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，謂語動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)。如：      The young  _ (be)  full of energy.      The Chinese  _ (be)  kind and friendly.  13. 體積與距離，金錢和時(shí)間，整體對(duì)待不能變。如：     Eight hours of sleep  _ (be)  enough.     Three thousand miles  _ (be)  too far to travel.  14. 定語從句要細(xì)看，定誰就按誰來變。      關(guān)系代詞 who, that, which 在定語從句中作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由先行詞決定。如：      This is one of the rooms that  _ (be)  damaged in the fire. （先行詞為 rooms ）      She is the only one of the girls who  _ (be)  willing to take a make-up exam. （先行詞為 one ）  15. 以上情況為一般，易混情況記心間。  主謂一致還有很多容易混淆的情況，“ a number of+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，“ the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：      The number of students in our class  _ (be)  40.      A number of students in our class  _ (spend) their spring festival at home.又如：“ a kind of, a series of 等 + 名詞”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，但“名詞 +the / this kind ”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：      A kind of stories books  _ (be) selling well.      Books of this kind  _ (be)  selling well.Step 3 Practice1. About 60 percent of the students _ from the south, the rest of them _ from the north and foreign countries. A. are/is B. are/areC. is/are D. are2. Half of the workers here _ under 30 _. A. is/years B. are/year old C. is/years old D. are/years of age3. Now Tom with his classmates _ football on the playground. A. play B. are playingC. plays D. is playing4. The number of pages in this dictionary _ about two thousand. A. are B. hasC. have D. is5. Thirty dollars _ too expensive. A. are B. is C. were D. be6. The audience _ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall. A. is B. are C. was D. has7. The secretary and principal _ at the meeting now. A. are speaking B. is speakingC. were making a speech D. have a speech8. "If anybody _, please put down _ name," said the teacher to the monitor. A. wants to buy the book/his B. want to buy the book/their C. will buy the book/one's D. wants to have the book bought/her9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _ in the room. A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left12. Either of you _ going there tonight. A. will B. was C. is D. are13. You as well _ right. A. I are B. I am C. as I am D. as I are14. All but Dick _ in Class Three this term. A. are B. is C. were D. was15. -Shall I wait here for three hours?-Yes. Three hours _ to wait for such a doctor. A. are not very long for you B. is not long enough for you C. was not long enough for you D. will be too long for you16. Where to get the materials and how to get them _ at the meeting. A. have not discussed B. have not been discussed C. has not discussed D. has not been discussed17. I took mathematics and physics because I think that _ very important for me to make further research in this field. A. what is B. they are C. this D. which are18. Every student and every teacher _. A. are going to attend the meeting B. have attended the meeting C. has attended the meeting D. is attended the meeting19. Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _ left on the table. A. was eaten/were B. were eaten/was C. were eaten/were D. was eaten/was20. This pair of shoes _. A. is her B. is hersC. are hers D. are her21.There _ no life on the moon.A.is said to have B. are said to haveC.is said to be D.are said to be22.A group of _ are eating _ and _ at the foot of the hillA.sheep; grass; leaves B.sheeps grasses leavesC.sheep;grass leaf D.sheeps grass leafs23.My family raise a lot of _, including two_.A.cattles cows B.cows cattle C.cattle cows D.cow, cattles24.What he says and what he does_.A.does not agree B.do not agree C.does not agree with D.not agree25.The boy and the girl each _ toys.A.have their own B.has their own C.have her own D.has her own26.She is the only one among the _ writers who _stories for children.A.woman, writes B.women write C.women writes D.woman write27.The railway station is _from our school.A.two hours drive B.two hours driveC.two hour drive D.two hours drive28.Mike and Johns _.A.father is a teacher B.fathers are teachersC.father are teachers D.fathers are teacher29.A great deal of talking and listening that _ under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless.A.is occurred B.are occurred C.occurs D.occur30._ the classroom needs to be cleaned.A.Either the offices or B.The offices andC.Both the office and D.The office and31.Three-fourths of the homework _today.A. has finished B.has been finished C.have finished D.have been finished32.More than 60 percent of the worlds radio programmes _in England.A.is B.was C.are D.be33. _work has been done to improve the peoples living standardA.A great deal of B.A great many C.A large number of D.Many34.The rest of the magazines _ within half an hour.A.is sold out B.are sold out C.was sold out D.were sold out35.There _ a lot of sugar in the jar.A.has B.have C.is D.are36. “All _present and all _going on well”, our monitor said.A.is is B.are, are C.are is D.is are37.Yesterday the League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.is B.was C.are D.were.38.Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.A.are studying B.have studied C.studies D.study39.The rich_ not always happy.A.are B.is C.will D.may40. _can be done _done.A. All, have been B.All that ,have beenC.All has D.All that ,has been41.Either of the plans _equally dangerous.A.are B.is C.has D.have42.The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A.is searching B.were searching forC.are searching D.was searching for43.Your trousers _dirty, you must have_ washed.A.is it B.are it C.are them D.is them44.The Olympic games _held every four _.A.is years B.are years C.is year D.are year45.He is the only one of the students who_elected.A.are B.have C.has D.is46. _a good enough price for this bookA.Two yuans are B.Two yuan areC.Two yuans is D.Two yuan is47.No bird and no beast _in the lonely islandA.are seen B.is seen C.see D.sees48.Every means _prevent the water from_A.are used to polluting B.get used to pollutingC.is used to , polluted D.is used to ,being polluted49.Each of the _in the ship.A. passenger has his own roomB. passengers have their own roomC. passenger have their own roomD. passengers has his own room50.What we need _good textbooks.A.is B.are C.have D.hasStep 4 探究 （將講解中的15點(diǎn)歸類到三大原則中）語法一致原則意義一致原則就近原則Step 5 Homework1. Remember how to use subject and verb agreement.2. Finish the practiceReflection_Evaluation