2020年高考英語 語法復(fù)習(xí)高分巧突破 第2部分 時態(tài)和語態(tài)

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1、　時態(tài)和語態(tài) (共3組，每組限時8分鐘) 1．(2020·大連第一次雙基測試)In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China________ from heavy fogs, causing great inconvenience to people. A．suffered　　　　　　　 B．have been suffering C．were suffered D．had been suffered 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在過去的幾個星期里，中國北方

2、的許多城市一直遭受著濃霧天氣，給人們帶來了極大的不便。由“In the past several weeks”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去，且many cities與suffer之間是邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，故B項正確。 2．(2020·廈門第一次適應(yīng)性考試)The earthquake, which occurred at 8：58, didn't cause many deaths, for most people ________. A．got up B．had got up C．were getting up D．have

3、 got up 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)。句意：發(fā)生在8：58的地震沒有造成許多人死亡，因為(那時候)大多數(shù)人已經(jīng)起床了。根據(jù)occurred可知，地震發(fā)生在過去，而人們起床發(fā)生在地震之前，所以應(yīng)用過去完成時。 3．(2020·江西師大附中、鷹潭一中高三聯(lián)考)—Mr Harry, we want to hear what you think about the reform being carried out in our school. —OK, I ________ to that. A．a(chǎn)m coming B．have come C．came D．come 解析：選A　

4、考查時態(tài)。句意：“Harry先生，我們想聽聽你對于我們學(xué)校正在實(shí)施的改革的意見?！薄昂玫?，我正要講到(那個事情)?！盜 am coming to that意為“我正要講到(那個事情)”，符合語境。此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來。 4．(2020·濟(jì)南市名校一模)I ________ a lesson in the classroom when you called me, so I didn't answer it. A．gave B．was giving C．would give D．have been gi

5、ving 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)你打電話給我的時候我正在上課，因此我沒有接電話。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動作，故用過去進(jìn)行時。 5．(2020·青島一模)I thought the teacher would say something about our exam result but he ________ it. A．doesn't mention B．hasn't mentioned C．wouldn't mention D．didn't mention 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)。句意：我以為老師會就

6、我們的考試結(jié)果說些什么，但是他提都沒提。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示的是發(fā)生在過去的一件事情，因此用一般過去時。 6．(2020·河南開封一模)—Have you ever been to Singapore? —Yes, I ________ there three times in 2020 alone. A．have been B．have gone C．went D．had gone 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)。句意：“你曾去過新加坡嗎？”“是的，2020年我獨(dú)自去過三次。”此處表示發(fā)生在2020年的事情，故用一般過去時態(tài)。 7．(2020·長春市第一次調(diào)研)—Alas! I

7、 have left my key to the office in my car. —Don't worry. I ________ it for you. Wait a minute. A．get B．a(chǎn)m going to get C．will get D．a(chǎn)m getting 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)。答語句意：別擔(dān)心，我?guī)湍闳ト?。等一下。此處will用于一般將來時，表示“將要做臨時決定的事情”。be going to do ...表示“計劃，打算做……”。 8．(2020·江西九校一模)Over th

8、e past month, Chinese cinema ________ the great success of the low-budget film Lost in Thailand. A．witnessed B．has witnessed C．would witness D．had witnessed 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)。句意：在過去的那一個月里中國電影院見證了《人再囧途之泰囧》這部小成本電影的巨大成功?！皁ver/during/in＋the past/last＋一段時間”常常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 9．(2020·泰安一模)—Ring me at six tomorr

9、ow morning, will you? —Why that early? I ________. A．will sleep B．have slept C．have been sleeping D．will be sleeping 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)。句意：“明天早上六點(diǎn)打電話給我，好嗎？”“為什么那么早？那個時候我正在睡覺?！备鶕?jù)句意可知，此處表示將來的某個時間正在做某事，應(yīng)用將來進(jìn)行時，故選D。 10．(2020·日照一模)For years the government of that country ________ t

10、heir responsibility when it comes to the mentally ill. A．ignored B．is ignoring C．has ignored D．ignores 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)。句意：多年來，該國政府忽視了他們對精神病患者的責(zé)任。句中有“for＋時間段”，要用現(xiàn)在完成時。 11．(2020·長春一模)When she returned home, Rose found her computer ________ and she was very confused. A．was removing

11、 B．has been removed C．had removed D．had been removed 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子成分可知，remove與computer之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，排除A和C；根據(jù)句意可知，remove這一動作發(fā)生在returned之前，故此處應(yīng)用過去完成時。因此選D。 12．(2020·合肥四校聯(lián)考)According to a survey in 2020, over 30 percent of the population of the city ________ into shop

12、ping in the mall. A．persuaded B．were persuaded C．have persuaded D．was persuaded 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：2020年的一項調(diào)查顯示，在這個城市超過百分之三十的人口已經(jīng)被成功勸服，到商場里購物了。名詞被分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞，population在這里指在這個城市中的人，是集合名詞，是復(fù)數(shù)概念，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；又因此處表示“被勸服”，所以應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；由“in 2020”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時，故選B。 13．(2020·廈門三校聯(lián)考)The flood

13、has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing ________ shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．a(chǎn)re published 解析：選A　考查時態(tài)。句意：這場洪水給那一地區(qū)造成了很大損失，失蹤人數(shù)很快就會公布。shortly“不久，不多時”，在句中作時間狀語，表示將來，所以空處應(yīng)該用將來時。 14．(2020·皖南八校聯(lián)考)Come in and sit down and

14、 I ________ you what I've found recently. A．show B．will show C．showed D．was showing 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)。句意：進(jìn)來坐下，我要給你看我最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西。祈使句后接and/or連接的陳述句中常用一般將來時。故選B。 15．(2020·蘭州名校一模)A lot of attention ________ to greenhouse gas emission. Look at those posters for en

15、vironmental protection. A．is paying B．is being paid C．has paid D．had been paid 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：溫室氣體的排放得到了很多關(guān)注。看那些關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的海報。根據(jù)“Look at”可知此處指的是現(xiàn)在的情況，且pay與attention之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。選B。 1．(2020·四川省都江堰市第二次診斷)China's labor supply will continue to rise, despite the fact that the working

16、-age population ________. A．has decreased B．was decreasing C．will be decreasing D．is decreasing 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)。句意：中國的勞動力供給將繼續(xù)增長，盡管處于工作年齡段的人口在減少。由the fact可知，此處指現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。 2．(2020·山西太原五校二模)Luckily, all of the passengers and flight crew ________ safely after their plane c

17、rashed near the airport. A．rescued B．were rescued C．had been rescued D．would be rescued 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句子的主語是all of the passengers and flight crew，與謂語動詞rescue之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；時間狀語從句after their plane crashed為一般過去時，主句也應(yīng)用一般過去時。故選B。 3．(2020·四川省宜賓五校二模)—Car prices have been going down sharply in

18、the last 20 years. —It's not surprising because the law of market ________ the price of a product. A．is controlling B．controls C．has controlled D．controlled 解析：選B　句意：“汽車的價格在過去的二十年急劇下降。” “這一點(diǎn)也不奇怪，因為市場規(guī)律決定產(chǎn)品的價格。”“市場規(guī)律決定產(chǎn)品的價格”說的是一個客觀事實(shí)，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時。 4．(2020·陜西咸陽二模)Hurry up! Otherwise by the time w

19、e get to the church, the wedding ceremony ________. A．will have finished B．has finished C．had finished D．must have finished 解析：選A　考查時態(tài)。句意：快點(diǎn)！否則我們到教堂的時候，婚禮將已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“當(dāng)?shù)浇烫脮r，婚禮已經(jīng)結(jié)束了(發(fā)生在將來)”，故用將來完成時，選A。 5．(2020·沈陽高三二模)We ________ to finish the project before dark, but the heavy traffic h

20、eld us up. A．plan B．were planning C．had planned D．a(chǎn)re planning 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)。句意：我們原計劃在天黑前完成這個項目，但擁擠的交通耽擱了我們。后一分句用了一般過去時態(tài)，結(jié)合句意可知，前一分句所述情況發(fā)生在過去的過去，故用過去完成時態(tài)。 6．(2020·安徽三所示范性高中二模)When you reach the other end of the bridge, I ________ right there to show you the way. A．wait B．have waited C．was w

21、aiting D．will be waiting 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)本句的時間狀語從句可知，此處表示的是將來的時間，而且后半句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“那時我就在橋的那頭等你”，表示將來某個時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作，所以用將來進(jìn)行時。 7．(2020·成都第二次診斷)When I ________ home, I caught a thief stealing from a passer -by. A．headed B．was heading C．have headed D．had headed 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)。句意：我正往家走的時候看見一個小偷在偷過路人的東西。結(jié)合caugh

22、t的時態(tài)提示可知，此處應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時。 8．(2020·福建省普通高中二檢)—Hi, Mr Smith. Which department do you work in? —I am in the Marketing Department now, but I ________ in the Sales Department before long. A．worked B．will work C．have worked D．will have worked 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)。句意：“你好，Mr Smith。你在哪個部門工作？”“我現(xiàn)在在市場部，但我不久以后會到銷售部工作。

23、”根據(jù)句中的before long“不久以后”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般將來時。 9．(2020·安徽皖西四校二模)Mo Yan, a great Chinese writer, won the Nobel Prize, whose works ________ published in many countries these years. A．has been B．have been C．was D．were 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。work作作品講時是可數(shù)名詞，因此，這里謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)時間狀語these years可知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時。 10．(2020·四

24、川省廣元市二模)—Where ________ the recorder? I can't find it. —I ________it right here. But now it's gone. A．did you put; have put B．had you put; was putting C．have you put; put D．were you putting; have put 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)。句意：“你把錄音機(jī)放哪里了？我找不到它了。”“我就放在這兒了，但是現(xiàn)在它不見了。”根據(jù)句意可知，第一空強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的行為對現(xiàn)在的影響，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時；第二空強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的

25、動作，應(yīng)用一般過去時。 11．(2020·安徽六校二模)—When will the expert come and give the lecture on intellectual property? —As soon as our program ________ by the authorities. A．a(chǎn)pproves B．will be approved C．is to approve D．has been approved 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境并分析句子成分可知，“項目被批準(zhǔn)”是將來完成的動作，as soon as在此引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，在時間狀語

26、從句中常用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時，故此處用現(xiàn)在完成時?！绊椖俊迸c“批準(zhǔn)”之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。 12．(2020·安徽合肥二檢)—Are these seats available? —Sorry, sir. The seats ________. A．have reserved B．a(chǎn)re reserved C．reserved D．a(chǎn)re reserving 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：“這些座位可以坐嗎？”“對不起，先生，這些座位被預(yù)訂了?！备鶕?jù)句中的“Are”可知，這些座位被預(yù)訂了是目前正處于的狀態(tài)，又因為seats和reserve之間是被動關(guān)系，所以

27、用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。 13．(2020·四川省綿陽市二模)—I happened to meet Lily yesterday. —Lucky dog! You ________ each other for two years. A．haven't seen B．hadn't seen C．didn't see D．don't see 解析：選B　考查時態(tài)。句意：“昨天我碰巧遇到莉莉了?！薄罢嫘疫\(yùn)！你們已經(jīng)兩年沒有見面了?！备鶕?jù)句意可知，兩年沒有見面是在昨天碰巧見面之前，表示過去的過去，故用過去完成時。 14．(2020·廈門二模)—I may have

28、 annoyed our neighbor! —Don't worry. He is forgetful, so he ________ all about the matter soon. A．forgets B．forgot C．has forgotten D．will forget 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)。句意：“我也許惹我們的鄰居生氣了?！薄皠e擔(dān)心。他好忘事，所以很快他就會忘記那件事的?！备鶕?jù)語境及句中的soon“很快，不久，馬上”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般將來時。 15．(2020·榆林二模)Stop talking, boys and girls. The latest s

29、ports news ________.Let's listen to it. A．is broadcast B．has been broadcast C．is being broadcast D．has been broadcasting 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“Stop talking”及 “Let's listen to it.”可推出，空處表示“最新的體育新聞?wù)诒徊シ拧?，故選C。 1．The police have put up posters around the city with photos of the man they ________

30、 in connection with the killing of a customer outside a bank. A．seek B．a(chǎn)re seeking C．have sought D．have been seeking 解析：選B　 考查時態(tài)。句意：警方在全城張貼了他們正在搜尋的那名男子的照片，那名男子與一起在銀行外發(fā)生的謀殺案有關(guān)。根據(jù)句意可知，seek這個動作正在進(jìn)行，所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。 2．—Did you recognize your friend when she got off the

31、plane? —No, because we ________ each other for about 20 years. A．haven't seen B．didn't see C．don't see D．hadn't seen 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)。分析語境可知，see這一動作發(fā)生在recognize之前，再根據(jù)問句中的“Did you recognize”可知，此處應(yīng)用過去完成時表示“過去的過去”。 3．Get out in the fresh air and sunshine, and you ________ refreshed. A．feel　　　　　　　　　

32、 B．have felt C．will feel D．a(chǎn)re feeling 解析：選C　句意：出去呼吸新鮮空氣和享受陽光，你將會感到精神振奮。這是一個“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型，此處是指發(fā)生在將來的事情，因此用一般將來時。 4．By the year the girl comes back to life, scientists probably ________ a cure for this incurable disease. A．will have discovered B．a(chǎn)re discovering C．will be discove

33、ring D．have discovered 解析：選A　句意：到這個女孩蘇醒過來的時候，科學(xué)家們很可能已經(jīng)找到了這種不治之癥的治療方法。此處表示到將來某個時間點(diǎn)將會完成的動作，因此用將來完成時。 5．Explorer Christopher Columbus landed in America, but he thought he ________ the East India. A．had discovered B．has discovered C．discovered D．was discovering 解析：選A　考

34、查時態(tài)。句意：探險家Christopher Columbus到達(dá)了美洲，但他以為自己發(fā)現(xiàn)了東印度。discover這一動作發(fā)生在thought之前，表示過去的過去，應(yīng)用過去完成時。 6．—You look excited! —I________ the expensive dictionary that I left in the library yesterday. A．a(chǎn)m finding B．found C．have found D．had found 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)。句意：“你看起來很興奮！”“我找到我昨天忘在圖書館里的那本昂貴的詞典了。”根據(jù)第一句可以判斷，答

35、句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響(我現(xiàn)在還很興奮)。 7．—The gas ________ on our way to the beach. —That must have brought much trouble. A．was given out B．has given out C．had given out D．gave out 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：“在我們?nèi)ズ┑穆飞?，汽油用光了?！薄澳强隙◣砹瞬簧俾闊??！狈治稣Z境可知，動作發(fā)生在過去，敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，故應(yīng)用一般過去時，排除B項和C項；give out作“用完”講時，為不及物短語，故A項錯誤。 8

36、．It is getting colder. I hope the sudden change of climate ________ you. A．doesn't upset B．didn't upset C．hasn't upset D．won't upset 解析：選D　句意：越來越冷了。我希望天氣的突然變化不會讓你不舒服。由語境可知，這里是指將來，因此用一般將來時。 9．—If I come back in an hour, do you think the manager will see me? —I'm very sorry, sir, but he __

37、______ a meeting then. A．will be having B．is having C．has had D．will have 解析：選A　考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示那時他將會正在開會，have a meeting這一動作在將來的某一時間正在進(jìn)行， 故用將來進(jìn)行時。 10．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．

38、were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 解析：選A　考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：“你聽說那起校車事故了嗎？”“聽說了，幸運(yùn)的是，車上所有的人包括司機(jī)都被救了?！狈治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時；主語是all，指人，故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式；主語all與save之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。 11．If this product does not give you complete satisfaction, please return it to the manufacturer, stating wh

39、en it ________. A．is purchased B．will be purchased C．purchases D．has purchased 解析：選A　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：如果你對產(chǎn)品不完全滿意，請退回給生產(chǎn)商，并注明購買的時間。purchase和it構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；此處說的是一般性情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。 12．—Are you going to the party? —No, I ________. A．hadn't invited B．didn't i

40、nvite C．hadn't been invited D．haven't been invited 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：“你去參加聚會嗎？”“不，我沒有被邀請。”現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)典型的特征是這一動作對現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響，又因invite與I之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故選D。 13．The vegetables in his field ________ well, because they are pollution-free. A．a(chǎn)re selling B．have been sold C．a(chǎn)re sold

41、 D．sell 解析：選D　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：他田里的蔬菜銷售得很好，因為它們是無污染的。某些可用來表示主語內(nèi)在“品質(zhì)”或“性能”的動詞，如sell, wash, wear, feel, read等，其主語通常是物，承受動作用主動形式表示被動意義，且通常不用進(jìn)行時。故選D。 14．—What's that terrible noise, David? —Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machines in the nearby plant ________. A．were tested B．will be test

42、ed C．a(chǎn)re being tested D．have been tested 解析：選C　考查時態(tài)。句意：“哪里來這么大的噪音，David？”“哦，我忘了告訴你，旁邊工廠里的新機(jī)器正在接受檢測?！备鶕?jù)語境可知，噪音是機(jī)器正在被檢測時發(fā)出的，所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。 15．If you don't plan to stay there long in the coming holiday, ________. A．so do I B．so will I C．nor do I D．nor will I 解析：選D　考查倒裝和時態(tài)?？仗幈硎九c前句有相同情形，且前句為否定形式，應(yīng)用“nor＋倒裝句”。否定副詞nor置于句首，句子應(yīng)采用部分倒裝，將助動詞或情態(tài)動詞置于主語前。if從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替了一般將來時，故主句的時態(tài)應(yīng)用將來時態(tài)。