2020高中英語 短語知識點 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars學(xué)案 新人教版必修3

模塊3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars典型句式運用1. be to do sth.1)表按計劃或安排，如：The Queen is to visit Japan in a weeks time2) “命運”,將來必然要發(fā)生的事, 譯作“注定”。They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.3) 表示“應(yīng)該”/ “義務(wù)” ，相當(dāng)于should, must, have to . 如：You are to report to the police.4)用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相當(dāng)于mustnt。例如 You are not to smoke in the reading-room5 )表示“想，打算”，相當(dāng)于intend, want。例如If we are to be there soon, well have to go now.6）表示可能性,相當(dāng)于can, may如: Such books are to be found in the library.2the first, the second，the last 等序數(shù)詞常與不定式連用He is always the first to come and the last to leave.3. as+形容詞原級+名詞詞組+as分句Jack is as efficient a worker as Bill。Mary is as intelligent a student as Peter.重點單詞1. exist vi. 存在； 生存 existing adj.目前的；現(xiàn)存的exist on= live on靠為生 come into existence開始存在；成立2. escape v. & n.逃跑，逃離escape+ n./doing sth.逃脫了/避免了 escape from/out of.從逃跑sth. escape sb.被某人遺忘；未被注意 a narrow escape九死一生3. mass n. (聚成一體的)團;塊;大多數(shù); 質(zhì)量; 群眾; 大量1）a mass of/masses of大量的(可數(shù),不可數(shù)均可）= plenty of, , a quantity of, quantities of2）the mass media 大眾傳媒 3）mass production 批量生產(chǎn)4.break out 突發(fā)；爆發(fā)。break up 關(guān)系的破裂，打碎；解散；放假break down (機器的）故障；(精神、身體)崩潰；(談判，計劃)失敗break off 停止，中斷 break in 闖入；插話break into 強行進入某處；突然開始(大笑、歡呼等)break through 突破；強行穿過 break away from.脫離5. in time 及時；最終,早晚in no time 立即；馬上 at no time 絕不at a time 一次；每次 at one time 曾經(jīng)；一度at times 有時 ahead of time 提前for the time being 暫時 take ones time 別著急；慢慢來Its high time that sb. did/should do sth.6. 區(qū)分 now that, because, since, as, for1)Because 直接的原因，有較強的因果關(guān)系。(2)As 由于，比because 弱。(3)now that“既然；由于”that可省略 ,強度更弱(4)since 既然，表既成的事實，可與now that互換。(5) for 因為,并列連詞,前面用逗號與主句隔開，補充說明原因。7. violent criminals: 使用暴力的罪犯 a violent attack: 猛烈的攻擊a violent protest：強烈的抗議 a violent struggle； 激烈的斗爭violent winds and storms 狂風(fēng)暴雨 violent toothache: 劇烈的牙痛8. unlike 介詞，不同，不像 dislike 討厭，不喜歡9. pull: 拖，拉，牽引pull sth. down: 拆毀 pull in/into: 駛進，駛近 pull out 駛出，退出pull over: 使車閃到一邊 pull up ； 使停下，10. Now (that)/ seeing (that)/considering (that) / in that鑒于某個事實，原因是，用法與since接近not thatbut that 不是因為，而是因為; on ground(s) that 理由是11. get the hang of: 熟悉，理解，掌握=have a good knowledge of =have a good command of12. dissolve: 溶解，解散 13 .extinct:滅絕的，14.lessen the pressure from study：減輕；減少 15. exhaust: 用盡，耗盡