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1、一、介紹與其重要性,句子是寫作的基本單位，只有寫好句子才有可能寫好文章。英語的句子成分有八種：,主語、謂語動詞、表語、賓語、 定語、狀語、主語補足語和賓語補足語。,學(xué)會判斷句子成分對以后學(xué)習(xí)難句奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 英語句子的構(gòu)成也有其特定的規(guī)律，掌握了句子 的基本句型、常見句式和詞語的習(xí)慣搭配， 就能寫出完整、正確的句子。,句子成分詳解表,英語的句子成分：,一） 主語： Walls have ears. He will take you to the hospital. Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believe. Smoking is no
2、t allowed in public places. Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 二）謂語由_擔(dān)任。助動詞或情態(tài)動詞加其他動詞的適當(dāng)形式也構(gòu)成謂語動詞。 Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.,動詞/動詞短語,名詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,to do不定式,doing動名詞,句子,My father is a professor.
3、Whos that? Its me. Everything here is expensive. The match became very exciting. The story of my life may be of help to others. Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.,三）表語 它的位置在_之后。是用來說明主語的_,_, _的.,系動詞、連系動詞,性質(zhì),特征,狀態(tài),名詞
4、 n,代詞 pron,形容詞 adj,adj,介詞短語,數(shù)詞,to do不定式,句子,（四）賓語 表示動作的對象，是動作的承受者。賓語一般放在_之后。_詞后也會跟賓語。,She covered her face with her hands. We havent seen her for a long time. Do you mind opening the window? Give me four please. He wants to dream a nice dream. We need know what others are doing. We should care more a
5、bout our friends.,動詞/動詞短語,介詞,名詞 n,代詞 pron,動名詞,代詞和數(shù)詞,to do不定式,句子,介詞+名詞,（五）定語 是修飾_詞.單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的名詞之_；短語和從句作定語時則放在它所修飾的名詞之_。,They are woman workers. Toms father didnt write home until yesterday. Mary is a beautiful girl. The play has three acts. This is her first trip to Europe. China is a developin
6、g country. I have nothing to eat. Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here.,名,前,后,名詞,名詞所有格,形容詞 adj,數(shù)詞,形容詞 /序數(shù)詞 /to do 不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞 doing,to do 不定式,從句,六）狀語 狀語表示地點、時間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨情況等。,The best fish swim near the bottom. I left the village five years ago. I arrived late because of th
7、e traffic jam . Well send a car to fetch you. The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing. If he goes, so will I . Though he is a child, he knows a lot.,地點狀語,時間狀語,原因狀語,目的狀語,結(jié)果狀語,伴隨狀語,條件狀語,讓步狀語,七）賓語補足語。英語有些及物動詞，除了要有賓語之外，還要加上賓
8、語補足語，才能使句子的意義完整。,They elected me captain of the team. We try to make our country strong. We found everything in good order there. I should advise you to get the chance. I saw him going upstairs. They found the house broken in.,名詞,形容詞,介詞短語,to do 不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞 doing,done 過去分詞,賓語和賓語補足語一起構(gòu)成動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),八）主語補足語 如果
9、上述結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動語態(tài)，原賓語成為主語，原賓語補足語相應(yīng)地變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語,I was elected captain of the team. Our country will be made strong.,與賓語補足語一樣,口訣記憶,主謂賓表定狀補，解釋說明同位語。 句子主干主謂賓（表），輔助成分定狀補。 定語修飾名詞代，狀修動詞還有副。 主謂人稱數(shù)一致，賓語之后常有補。,二.五種簡單句基本句型,主語+謂語+賓語 主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語 主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語,動詞,系動詞,不及物動詞,及物動詞,主語+系+表語,主語+謂語,1）Our city is at the crossi
10、ng of some important railways. 主語 系動詞 表語 2）The city will become rich. 主語 系動詞 表語 在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的系動詞是： “變化”類：_. “感官”類: _. “持續(xù)”類：_. 其他：（似乎）_ _ (證明是)_,get/ become/ turn/grow/go,taste/ smell/ feel/look/sound,stay/ keep/remain,Seem appear,turn out/ prove(to be),1主語 + 系動詞 + 表語,Exercises,你的故事聽起來很有趣。_. 把魚放在冰箱里，否則
11、它會變壞的。_. 這種炎熱的天氣將會保持幾天。_. 這個計劃證明是可行的。_.,You story sounded very interesting.,Put the fish into fridge, or they will go bad.,The hot day will remain/stay/ keep a few days.,The plan turned out/proved （to be) practical.,2主語 + 謂語,1）Building has started. 主語 謂語 2）The train leaves at 7:40. 主語 謂語 _搭配：The tea
12、cher teaches well. The child walks very slowly. _搭配： The girl looked at the picture. The children ran to the forest.,動詞副詞,動詞介詞,Exercise,我每天起的很早，走到小花園，坐在凳子上。 _,Every day I get up early, walk to the park and sit on the bench.,3主語 + 謂語 + 賓語,The boss employed five more workers. 主語 謂語 賓語 My brother takes
13、 care of the vegetable garden. Few students like taking exams. He forgot to close the door. I hope I can speak English fluently.,Exercise,他因為車子開得太快而違反了交通規(guī)則。_. 他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快將其喝光。_. 他許諾給我一個禮物。_.,He drove so fast that he broke the traffic rules.,He took out a beer and drank it up quickly.,He promised to g
14、ive me a gift.,4主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語,1）He has fetched us some new textbooks. 主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語 2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal. 主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語 3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject. 4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.,可接雙賓語的常見動詞有： ask, answer, give, offer, send, brin
15、g, pass, tell, show, teach, promise,順便問一下，她把錢付給你了嗎？_. 下學(xué)期誰教你們生物？_. Mr. White告訴我為什么他要出國。_.,By the way, has she paid you money?,Who will teach you biology?,Mr. White told me why he went abroad.,5主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語,1）The villagers didnt allow them to do this. 主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語 2）I will keep the box in the shade. 3）We found him a very good pupil. 4）She let me stay in the company.,Exercise,他總是把他的臥室收拾得干干凈凈。_. 我建議他多讀點書。_. 他修了機器。_. 我們選他當(dāng)班長。_.,He always keeps his room clean,I suggest him reading more books.,He had his machine repaired.,We made him monitor.,
英語句子成分講解清晰版.ppt
