八年紀(jì)下冊(cè)英語Unit 7課件
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1、Future Guaranteed 讓更多的孩子得到更好的教育 備課手冊(cè) 教師 姓名 學(xué)生姓名 填寫時(shí)間 月 日 課時(shí) 計(jì)劃 科目 年 級(jí) 上課時(shí)間 月 日 點(diǎn)— 點(diǎn) 本堂課涉及的學(xué)習(xí)方法 本堂課涉及的知識(shí)點(diǎn) 八下Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music? 教學(xué)內(nèi)容and 隨堂練習(xí) 重點(diǎn)詞匯: yard task pos
2、ter waitress brought solution line annoy annoyed polite perhaps door term
3、 etiquette normal behavior Asian uncomfortable impolite allow voice public cough sneeze
4、 break politely smoke cigarette criticize careful drop litter pick behavior 重點(diǎn)詞組: do/wash the dishes 洗
5、碗 help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 have a long telephone conversation 煲電話粥 get mad = get annoyed = get angry 生氣,感到惱火 try (not) to do sth. 盡力(不去)做某事 seem like 看上去像…… even if/though 盡管、即使 take care = be careful 小心 in public 公開地,當(dāng)眾地 break the rule 不遵守規(guī)則 not at all 一點(diǎn)也不 turn … d
6、own/ turn … up 關(guān)小聲/調(diào)大聲音(電器) turn … on/ turn … off 打開/關(guān)閉(電器) move the bike 移動(dòng)自行車 in a minute/ right away/ in no time/at once 立刻;馬上 be late for school/ class = arrive late for school 上學(xué)/上課遲到 wait in line = stand in line 排隊(duì)等候 cut in line = jump a queue 插隊(duì) at first 首先 put on
7、 穿上 pick up 撿起 half an hour 半小時(shí) at last = in the end = finally 最后 allow sb. to do / not to do sth. 允許某人做/不做某事 be allowed to do / not to do sth. 某人不被允許某人做/不做某事 drop litter 扔垃圾 keep the voice down 控制聲音 put on another pair of jeans 穿另一條牛仔褲 be at a meeting 在開會(huì) help me in the kitch
8、en 在廚房幫我 make some posters 做一些海報(bào) clothing store 服裝店 want to be polite 想要變得禮貌 stand in the subway door 站在地鐵門口 stand close to … 站的很近 have different ideas about 關(guān)于什么有不同的觀點(diǎn) feel uncomfortable 感覺不舒服 in all situations 在各種形式下 get up 起床 put on穿上\take off 脫下 (that’s )no problem 沒問題 ha
9、ir stylist 發(fā)型師 all the time始終 try one’s best to do sth.盡全力去干某事 pay a big fine付一大筆罰金 in other parts of Asia在亞洲的其他部分 throw away扔掉 argue about議論某事 so much trouble這么多麻煩 fly kites放風(fēng)箏 the physical and mental health身體和心理健康 wear old jeans 穿牛仔褲 cook by oneself 自己做飯
10、return ----to ----把某物歸還給某人 leave sth. Sp. 把某物留在某地\把某物落在某地 make dinner 做晚飯 complain about 抱怨 have a long telephone conversation 長時(shí)間通電話 follow (=go after) sb. Around 到處跟著某人 sth. Happen to sb.某人發(fā)生了某事\某事發(fā)生在了某人身上 be polite 有禮貌的\be impolite 無禮貌的 spend +時(shí)間\金錢+on +某物 花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢在某物上 spend +時(shí)間+in
11、 +doing 花費(fèi)時(shí)間干某事 spend +時(shí)間+with +sb.與某人共渡時(shí)光 normal and polite social behavior 正式的禮貌的社交行為 be useful 有用的 be close to 靠近 keep ------+形容詞 使-----保持某種狀態(tài) have diffrent ideas (about) 對(duì)----有不同的看法\觀點(diǎn) 重點(diǎn)句型: 1. –Would you mind doing sth.? –Not at all. 2. –Would you mind not doing sth.? - O
12、K/Sorry… 3. – Could you please do sth.?- OK. I’ll do…in a minute. 重點(diǎn)語法: Section A 1. Would you mind turning down the music? 你介意把音樂關(guān)小一點(diǎn)嗎? No, not at all. 不,一點(diǎn)兒也不。 (1) would you mind doing…?是用來客氣地提出請(qǐng)求、要求的方式之一,也可以說成would you mind one’s doing…?意為“請(qǐng)你做某事好嗎?”“做某事你介意嗎?”其否定形式為“would you mind not
13、 doing…?”在回答時(shí)用yes 表示“介意”,用no 表示“不介意”。 ---Would you mind closing the window? --- No, not at all/certainly not/ of course not. ----Would you mind my smoking here? ----Sorry, you’d better not. (2) mind 的用法 ①mind 用作動(dòng)詞,意為“介意,在乎,反對(duì)”.后通常跟名詞、動(dòng)詞或代詞作賓語。 Do you mind my smoking? 你
14、介意我抽煙嗎? I don’t mind what his mind at last. 我對(duì)他的所作所為并不介意。 ②mind 用作名詞,意為“想法,意見,主意” Jack changed his mind at last.最后杰克改變了主意。 (3) not at all的用法 ① 用來表示否定,意為“一點(diǎn)也不,根本不”。常做Would you mind doing…? 句型的否定回答。同意句為Certainly not或Of course not. --Would you mind opening the door?你介意打開門嗎?
15、 --No,not at all.不,一點(diǎn)也不介意。 ②用來回應(yīng)對(duì)方的感謝,意為“不用謝;不客氣”。 --Thanks for helping me.謝謝你幫助我。 --Not at all.別客氣。 ③用來回應(yīng)對(duì)方的道歉,意為“沒關(guān)系” --I’m sorry I’m late.對(duì)不起,我遲到了。 --Oh, not at all.噢,沒有關(guān)系。 注意: Not……at all意為“根本不,一點(diǎn)也不”。用來修飾謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí),not常與be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情 態(tài)動(dòng)詞一起使用,at all位于句末。 He can't
16、 swim at all. 他一點(diǎn)也不會(huì)游泳。 I'm not interested in music at all. 我對(duì)音樂根本不感興趣。 2.Sorry,I’ll do it right away. 對(duì)不起,我馬上去做。 (1)Sorry. I’ll do it right away. 是對(duì)would you mind doing sth.?的肯定回答,意為“對(duì) 不起或很抱歉,我馬上去做”,即馬上去做對(duì)方建議、請(qǐng)求的事情,也是表達(dá)“不介意”的一 種方式。此外,還可以用OK.I’ll do it in a minute.的形式作答來表達(dá)“不介意”。
17、 --Would you mind carrying the box back to your room.你介意把這個(gè)箱子搬回你的房間嗎? --Sorry. I’ll do it right now. 恐怕他現(xiàn)在出去了。 (2) right away意為“立刻,馬上”,多用于一般將來時(shí),其同義短語還有:at once, in a minute/moment, right now. 其中right now還指“現(xiàn)在”,可用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 My friend will come back in a minute/moment. 我的朋友馬
18、上就會(huì)回來的。 I'm afraid he's out right now. 恐怕他現(xiàn)在出去了。 3.OK. I’ll do them in a minute.好的,我一會(huì)就做。 In a minute 一會(huì)兒。類似的表達(dá)還有:soon, in a few minute, in a few seconds等,多用于 將來時(shí)態(tài),表示即將去做某事。 I will clean the room in a minute.我一會(huì)兒就去打掃房間。 辨析:in 與after (1) in 表示“在…以后”,是以現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間為起點(diǎn),在一段時(shí)間以后,通常用于將來時(shí)態(tài)。
19、 Our teacher will go to Mount Huang for a trip in a week. I am going to work in Beijing in a month. (2)after 表示“在…以后”,是以過去的時(shí)間為起點(diǎn),在一段時(shí)間以后常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)。 They left the village after a week. He was back after three days. 溫馨提示: (1) 表示在具體某一時(shí)刻即幾點(diǎn)鐘以后時(shí),用after,而不用in。 We'll hav
20、e a meeting after two o'clock. 我們兩點(diǎn)鐘以后要召開一個(gè)會(huì)議。 (2)表示在某個(gè)未來的具體日期之后用after,而不用in。 He'll arrive after Tuesday. 他將在星期二以后到達(dá)。 中考鏈接 --How soon will the manager come back? -- about three days. A For B After C In D During 解析:本題考查介詞的用法。"for+一段時(shí)間"常
21、用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài);“in+一段時(shí)間”意為“在…… 之后”,用于將來時(shí)態(tài)。由題意可知選C。 4.They look terrible.它們看上去太難看了。 look terrible意為“看上去很糟糕”。Look 在這里是連系動(dòng)詞,意為“看上去,看起來”,其后通 常跟形容詞、名詞等作表語。 look young 看起來年輕 look worried 看起來焦慮 look sad 看起來悲傷 look smart 看起來機(jī)靈 5.Your father is at a meeting and I’m going shoppin
22、g.你父親在開會(huì)而我要去買東西。 (1)at a meeting在開會(huì)。Be at a meeting 相當(dāng)于be having a meeting ,即上句可改寫為: Your father is having a meeting. 類似的短語:be at school 在上學(xué) be at work 在工作 (2).I’m going shopping 是一個(gè)將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子。在英語中表示位移的動(dòng)詞如come,go,leave 等可 以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來。 --Jim,where are you ?Supper is ready.吉姆
23、,你在哪里?晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了。 --I’m coming.我這就來。 We are going to the Children’s Palace. I’m leaving for my hometown next week. (3) go shopping 去購物?!癵o +v.-ing”是一種固定表達(dá)方式,一般表示從事某種娛樂、消遣活動(dòng)。 go swimming 去游泳 go fishing 去釣魚 go boating 去劃船 go hiking 去遠(yuǎn)足 go skating 去滑冰 go hu
24、nting 去打獵 6. Could you please feed the dog?請(qǐng)你喂狗好嗎? Could you please do sth.?意為“請(qǐng)你做某事好嗎?”是一種語氣委婉的表達(dá)請(qǐng)求建議的問句,與 would you please…?句型可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換,肯定回答用sure, of course,certainly 等;否定回答常 用sorry. Could/would you please help me with my math?你在數(shù)學(xué)方面幫幫我好嗎? 7. If you finish these tasks, we can go to a m
25、ovie tonight. 如果你完成這些任務(wù),我們今晚可以去看電影。 辨析:work. Job與task Work泛指工作,是不可數(shù)名詞;job是指具體的某項(xiàng)工作、崗位等,是可數(shù)名詞;task指“工作, 任務(wù)”,不含有職業(yè)的“意義”,是可數(shù)名詞。 It is hard work. 它是一項(xiàng)困難的工作。 Her job is to feed the animals. 她的工作是飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物。 I didn't finish those tasks until it was dark. 直到天黑我才完成那些任務(wù)。 Section B 1. Your
26、 barber gave you a terrible haircut. 你的理發(fā)師給你理了一個(gè)難看的發(fā)型。 Haircut是一個(gè)合成詞,意為“理發(fā)”。 (1)give sb a haircut= cut one's hair 理發(fā) The barber gave Tom a haircut. = The barber cut Tom's hair. 那個(gè)理發(fā)師給湯姆理了發(fā)。 (2)have one's hair cut意為“去理發(fā)”,主語為“被理發(fā)的人”。其中cut為過去分詞,這種“have sth+ 過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)常表示自己不能獨(dú)立完成某
27、事,而要求別人代勞。 I will go to the barber's to have my hair cut. 我要去理發(fā)店理發(fā)。 2. The pen you bought didn't work. 你買的鋼筆不能用。 (1) you bought是一個(gè)定語從句,修飾前面的名詞pen,并省略了關(guān)系代詞that,意為“你買的鋼筆”。 The book Tom lent me is very interesting. 湯姆借給我的那本書非常有趣。 The paper flowers the girl made are beautiful. 那個(gè)女孩扎的紙花很漂亮。 The
28、man you saw just now is my maths teacher. 你剛才看到的那個(gè)人是我的數(shù)學(xué)老師。 中考鏈接 The young man is a friend of mine. A who I had a talk B whom I had a talk with C whom I had a talk D which I had a talk with 解析:本題考查定語從句。先行詞the young man是人,并且在從句中作賓語,故關(guān)系詞可用who或whom,“與某人交談”用have/has a t
29、alk with sb.,故選B。 (2)sth. doesn't/didn't work. 某物出故障了/壞了。同義句:There is something wrong with sth.; Sth is broken. 原句可以改寫為:There is something wrong with the pen you bought. Tom's bike is broken.= Tom's bike doesn't work. =There is something wrong with Tom's bike. 湯姆的自行車壞了。
30、 3. Ordered a hamburger with French fries, but only got a hamburger 訂了一個(gè)帶有炸薯?xiàng)l的漢堡包,卻只得到了一個(gè)漢堡包 Order在這里是動(dòng)詞,意思是“預(yù)訂,訂購”。 Order a pizza today! 今天就訂一個(gè)披薩餅吧! I want to order an airplane ticket to Guangzhou. 我想訂一張去廣州的飛機(jī)票。 拓展 (1)order v. 命令 The doctor ordered me to stay in bed. 醫(yī)生命令我待在床上。
31、 (2)order n. 命令,訂單,順序,次序 Soldiers must obey the orders. 軍人必須服從命令。 (3)in order to為了 He hurried to the station without having breakfast in order to catch the train. 為了趕火車他沒吃早飯就匆匆忙忙地去了車站。 4. This shirt is too big. Would you mind giving me a smaller one? 這件襯衫太大了。你介意給我拿件小一點(diǎn)兒的嗎
32、? Too adv. 太,表示程度,用來修飾形容詞或副詞 辨析:very,too, so,quite與rather 以上幾個(gè)副詞都可以修飾形容詞、副詞,表示程度,意為“很”“太”“相當(dāng)”“非常”等。 (1)very應(yīng)用最普遍,表示“非常,很”。修飾形容詞或副詞,放在所修飾的詞之前, Tom is very careful. 湯姆很認(rèn)真。(very修飾形容詞) (2)too “太”,放在形容詞或副詞的前面。 It is too hard for me to answer the question. 對(duì)我而言,回答那個(gè)問題太難了。 (3)so “
33、如此……,那么……”,往往表明某一事物會(huì)引起某種后果。換言之,so所修飾的詞表示原因,后面會(huì)有表示結(jié)果的句子。 The man was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 那個(gè)人氣的說不出話來。(那個(gè)人太生氣了,以至于說不出話來。) He ran so fast. I couldn't keep up with him. 他跑得那么快,我跟不上他。 (4)quite, rather“相當(dāng),十分”。這兩個(gè)詞意義相同,但所修飾的詞位置不一樣。試比較: Quite a nice book
34、= rather a nice book = a rather nice book= a very nice book 一本相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的餓書 “那是一輛相當(dāng)漂亮的小汽車”可以有多種表達(dá)方式: That is very beautiful car.=That is rather a beautiful car.= That is quite a beautiful car. 但要注意That is a quite beautiful car.的表達(dá)方式都不正確的,這也恰是我們常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一。 (5)quite和very作副詞時(shí),有時(shí)可以通用,都意
35、為“很;非?!保谡Z意上還是有些區(qū)別。 Quite側(cè)重于表達(dá)主觀的看法和態(tài)度,而very通常側(cè)重于對(duì)事實(shí)的客觀描述。 注意:very,too, so, quite, rather等所修飾的形容詞或副詞必須用原級(jí)。 5. I can't stand it! 我不能忍受它! Stand在這里是“容忍,忍受”的意思,用于否定句和疑問句中,強(qiáng)調(diào)不喜歡;不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Can't stand意為“不能/無法忍受”,其后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。Can't stand doing sth 意為“無法忍受做某事”,can't stand sb doing
36、 sth意為“無法忍受某人做某事”。 I can't stand his brother. 他弟弟讓我受不了。 I can't stand staying here any longer. 我不能忍受繼續(xù)待在這兒了。 注意:stand最常用的意思為“站,站立”。Stand up起立,stand in line排隊(duì)(站成一排)。 6.I don’t like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation. (1)like doing sth.喜歡做某事 辨析
37、:like doing sth. 與 like to do sth. Like doing sth.是經(jīng)常性的,習(xí)慣性的愛好 They like playing basketball.他們喜歡打籃球。 Like to do sth.l 表示具體的、某一特定的行為愛好。 The teacher likes to tell jokes in class.那個(gè)老師喜歡在課堂上講笑話。 (2)wait in line 排隊(duì)等候。 In line意思是“成一條直線,列為一行”。 Stand in line站成一行
38、 It's good manners to wait in line. 排隊(duì)等候是有禮貌的。 注意:cut in line 插隊(duì) It's not polite to cut in line. 插隊(duì)是不禮貌的。 I got annoyed when people cut in line. 有人插隊(duì)時(shí)我很生氣。 7. I get annoyed when someone talks to me while I'm reading. 當(dāng)我正在讀書時(shí),有人同我搭話我會(huì)惱火。 (1)get為系動(dòng)詞,“變得,變成”,相當(dāng)于become,表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等發(fā)生變化。
39、 ①若主語為“某物”,系動(dòng)詞可用get,become或turn. It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱。 ②某人作主語,且主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的表語為形容詞時(shí),系動(dòng)詞可用get或become. 如果表語為名詞,表示人的身份發(fā)生變化,多用become。 His father got angry when he heard the news. 他爸爸聽到這條消息的時(shí)候生氣了。 (句中表語為形容詞angry,其中g(shù)et可用become替換) Li
40、 lei became a doctor last year. 李雷去年當(dāng)了醫(yī)生。 (2)annoyed形容詞,意為“生氣的,惱怒的”;其動(dòng)詞為annoy,構(gòu)成詞組be/get annoyed with sb“生某人的氣”;be/get annoyed at/ about sth“對(duì)某事生氣”。 He got very annoyed with me about my mistake. 因?yàn)槲曳噶隋e(cuò)誤,他對(duì)我很生氣。 8. Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so polite.或許以后我該盡量別那么有禮貌。
41、(1)try to do sth.意為“設(shè)法去做某事,盡量去做某事”,其否定形式為try not to do sth. Try not to be late again.盡量別再遲到了。 (2) try doing sth.意為“試著做某事”,強(qiáng)調(diào)嘗試做某事 You should try eating more vegetables.你應(yīng)當(dāng)試著多吃點(diǎn)蔬菜。 (3) try one’s best to do sth.意為“盡某人最大努力做某事”。 We should try our best to finish the work on time.我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
42、 Self-check 1. I'm going to be a bit late. 我將會(huì)稍微晚點(diǎn)兒。 A bit一點(diǎn)兒,稍微。A bit修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí),相當(dāng)于a little,可以與a little互換; 修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),應(yīng)在a bit后加介詞of,而a little可直接修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 Please open the window. It's a bit/a little hot. 請(qǐng)打開窗子。天有點(diǎn)熱。 There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有點(diǎn)兒水。 2.Sorry, I orde
43、red my food half an hour ago and it hasn’t arrived yet. 對(duì)不起,我半小時(shí)前訂了我的食物,可現(xiàn)在還沒有送來。 Yet 的用法: (1) yet 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的一般疑問句中,通常放在句末,用來詢問說話人期望發(fā)生的事情是否 已經(jīng)發(fā)生,譯為“已經(jīng)” Have you finished your homework yet?你的作業(yè)已完成了嗎? (2)yet 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的否定句位于句末,表示說話人期望發(fā)生的事情尚未發(fā)生,譯為“還,尚”。 They haven’t watered the flower
44、s yet.他們還沒有澆那些花。 (3)yet 用作并列連詞,意思是“然而,可是” You said you could finish drawing a picture in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a week. 你說你能在5分鐘內(nèi)畫完那幅畫,然而你讓我等了一個(gè)星期。 (4)用于肯定句中,意思是“仍然,還”。 She is yet a child.她還是個(gè)孩子。 3.Welcome to our neighborhood.歡迎成為我們的鄰居。 Welcome 的用法: (1)v. 歡迎
45、 Welcome to our school!歡迎來到我們學(xué)校! (2) adj.受歡迎的 Jack is a welcome boy.杰克是一個(gè)受歡迎的男孩。 (3)“You’re welcome.”用來回答“thank you.”,表示“不用謝。/不客氣。” Thank you very much.非常感謝。 You’re welcome.別客氣。 (4)n.歡迎,款待 We have the foreigner friends a warm welcome.我們給予外國朋友們以熱烈的歡迎。 注意
46、:下面這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞過去式的變化,千萬不要混同: Come--came, become--became, welcome--welcomed. Reading 1. Would you mind keeping your voice down?你介意放低你的聲音嗎? (1)keep down“控制,抑制,減弱”屬于“動(dòng)詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu) We must keep down the cost of the production.我們必須降低生產(chǎn)成本。 (2) keep 意為“保留、保存、保持、留住’等,后接復(fù)合賓語。 Keep+賓語+形容詞 keep the
47、window open,please. Keep+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞don’t keep me waiting too long. Keep+賓語+副詞 nobody can keep him back. Keep+賓語+介詞短語 I always keep the keys in my pocket. Keep doing sth.“一直做某事” he kept smiling when he read the letter. (3)voice“聲音,嗓音” My daughter has a sweet voice.我女兒的聲
48、音很甜。 She speaks in a low voice.她說話聲音很低。 辨析:sound, noise ,voice Sound 泛指自然界的各種聲音; Light travels faster than sound.光比聲音傳播速度快。 Noise 意為“噪音,吵鬧聲”Don’t make any noise. Dad is sleeping.不要吵鬧,爸爸在睡覺。 Voice 指人與其他動(dòng)物的“嗓音” Your voice sounds as if you had a cold.你的聲音聽起來好像你感冒了。 2. If you spend some ti
49、me in an English-speaking country, you might hear the term “etiquette”.如果你在一個(gè)講英語的國家待上一段時(shí)間,你可能就會(huì)聽到“禮節(jié)”這個(gè)術(shù)語。 (1)spend V.花費(fèi),度過(時(shí)間) I spent two weeks at the country.我在鄉(xiāng)下待了兩周。 Jenny likes spending her weekends with her parents. 辨析:spend,pay, take和cost ① spend表示花費(fèi)時(shí),賓語通常是時(shí)間、金錢等,句子的主語必須是人
50、,常用的句型有spend…on sth. 和spend…(in) doing sth. She spent a lot of money on books She spent the whole evening (in) reading. ② pay 指花費(fèi)金錢,句子的主語時(shí)人。 I paid 5000 yuan for the computer . ③take 常指花費(fèi)時(shí)間,所在句子常常是用it作形式主語放在句首,真正的主語動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)放在句末。 It took more than 100000 men twenty years
51、to build the Great Pyramid. ④ cost表示花費(fèi)時(shí),既可以指花費(fèi)時(shí)間,也可以指花費(fèi)金錢,句子的主語通常是物或事,只有主動(dòng)式,沒有被動(dòng)式。 The pen cost me ten yuan. The job cost a lot of time. [小貼士] 一句多譯:我爸爸買那輛車花了12萬元錢。 The car cost my father 120000 yuan. It took my father 120000 yuan to buy the car. My father paid 12000
52、0 yuan for the car. My father spent 120000 yuan on the car. My father spent 120000 yuan buying the car. 中考鏈接 How much does the ticket from Shanghai to Beijing? A cost B took C spend D pay 解析:本題考查表示“花費(fèi)”的動(dòng)詞辨析。Cost的主語是物;take表“花費(fèi)”的常用句型是It takes sb some
53、 time to do sth,其中it為形式主語;spend的主語為人;pay常與for搭配。由 主語the ticket可知選A。 (2)辨析:hear與listen (to) ①hear意為“聽見,聽到”,強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的結(jié)果,不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Speak loudly, so we can hear you. 大點(diǎn)聲說,讓我們都能聽到。 ②listen意為“聽,傾聽”,強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的動(dòng)作,可用于各種時(shí)態(tài),它是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞,如跟賓語, 其后需加介詞to。 Listen to me careful
54、ly. 認(rèn)真聽我說。 We are listening to the radio. 我們正在聽收音機(jī)。 3. ……,standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries.…… 在一些亞洲國家,和別人說話的時(shí)候與對(duì)方站得很近是相當(dāng)正常的。 這是一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(standing…)作主語的句子。其結(jié)構(gòu)為: Doing sth is + adj. (n.) 做某事是……的,還可以表示為:It is + adj.(n.)+ t
55、o do sth. 此時(shí)it作形式主語,真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。 Learning English well isn't difficult. = It isn't difficult to learn English well. 學(xué)好英語并不難。 4. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. 或許我們認(rèn)為在我們自己家里大聲談話是好的,但在其他地方
56、大聲交談是不允許的。 (1)該句是由并列連詞but連接的并列句。前一句為一個(gè)含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句,后一句為含有 定語從句的復(fù)合句,where talking loudly is not allowed是定語從句,修飾前面的名詞 Places, 由于places表示地點(diǎn),故從句用where引導(dǎo)。 I want to go to the city where we met each other for the first time again. 我想再去一次我們初次見面的那個(gè)城市。 (2) allow“允許,準(zhǔn)許”。后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓
57、語補(bǔ)足語,即allow sb to do sth意為“允許某 人做某事”。被動(dòng)語態(tài)為be allowed to do sth意為“被允許做某事”。 Mom allows me to watch TV on weekends. 媽媽允許我在周末看電視。 Children aren't allowed to go out at night. 兒童晚上不允許外出。 5. Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep our voice down in public places
58、. 即使你和朋友們?cè)谝黄?,在公共?chǎng)合最好也要低聲說話。 (1) even if 意為“即使”,用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,相當(dāng)于even though Even if you work till midnight, you won’t finish it. 即使你一直工作到半夜,你也玩不成。 (2) It is better to do sth.相當(dāng)于had better do sth.意為“最好做某事” It’s better to put on your coat.= You’d better put on your coat.你最好穿上外套。
59、 6.In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public. 事實(shí)上,我們也應(yīng)該注意不要當(dāng)眾大聲咳嗽和打噴嚏。 (1)take care not to do sth.意為“注意(當(dāng)心)不要做某事”。 Take care not to go across the street alone.當(dāng)心不要自己過馬路。 (2) take care 可單獨(dú)使用,意為“注意,當(dāng)心,留心,”也可以跟不定式或that 從句。 Take care! The bus i
60、s coming.小心!公共汽車來了。 7. Perhaps one of the most polite ways is to ask someone,…… 或許最有禮貌的方式之一是問某人,…… (1)perhaps adv. “或許,大概,可能”表示對(duì)某一事物的觀點(diǎn)、看法有待商榷或?qū)ζ淇赡苄宰鞒? 判斷。同義詞有maybe及probably。 Perhaps I can help you. 或許我能幫助你。 Maybe Mr Zhao isn't at home. 可能趙先生不在家。 (2)to ask someone為動(dòng)詞不定
61、式短語作表語。動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞不定式短語可以放在連系動(dòng)詞后 作表語,構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 The best way is to keep silent. 最好的辦法是保持沉默。 8. If you see someone you know doing this… 如果你看到你認(rèn)識(shí)的人這樣做,… (1) if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,意為“如果”引導(dǎo)賓語從句,意為“是否” If you have some question to ask, hands up,please.如果你們有問題要問,請(qǐng)舉手。 注意 ①if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,從句用一般現(xiàn)
62、在時(shí),主句用將來時(shí),if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句時(shí),其主句也可以使祈使句或含有感情動(dòng)詞的句子。 ②if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,常??膳cwhether 互換使用。 He asked me if (whether)I could speak English.他問我是否會(huì)說英語。 中考鏈接 We will have no water to drink we don't protect the earth. A until B before C though D if 解析:本題考查連詞的用法。題意:如果我們不保護(hù)地球,我們
63、將無水引用。If意為“如果”,符 合題意。Until到……為止;before在……之前;though雖然。 答案:D (2)see“看見”,為感官動(dòng)詞。在feel, hear, make, let, have, see, look at, watch, notice等 詞組后的動(dòng)詞不定式常省略to。 I saw the boy run into the classroom. 我看見那個(gè)男孩跑進(jìn)了教室。 辨析:see/hear sb do sth與see/ hear sb doing sth ①see/hear sb do sth“看/聽
64、見某人做某事”,其中do為省略to的不定式。這種表達(dá)指賓語(某 人)經(jīng)常做或已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作。 I saw the children play football yesterday. 昨天我看見孩子們踢足球了。(已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作) I often see the children play football. 我經(jīng)??匆姾⒆觽兲咦闱颉#ń?jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作) ②see/ hear sb doing sth“看/聽見某人政在做某事”,其中doing為現(xiàn)在分詞,表示在“聽/看” 的瞬間,賓語正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。試比較: I saw the children playing football w
65、hen I passed by. 當(dāng)我路過的時(shí)候,我看見孩子們正在踢足球。(指孩子們正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作) Did you hear Jack call you? 你聽見杰克叫你了嗎?(動(dòng)作結(jié)束) We often hear the girl sing English songs. 我們經(jīng)常聽到那個(gè)女孩唱英文歌曲,(經(jīng)常發(fā)生) I heard the strong wind blowing when it was raining heavily. 下大雨的時(shí)候我聽見狂風(fēng)呼嘯。(動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行) 語法要點(diǎn)歸納 提出請(qǐng)求的表達(dá)方式 1. ①Would you min
66、d doing sth.?或Do you mind doing sth?用來表示一種有禮貌的詢問,請(qǐng)求別 人做某事,意為“你介意……嗎?”“請(qǐng)你……好嗎?”肯定回答通常用Not at all./ Of course Not./ Certainly not. 否定回答Sorry…… Would you mind washing the dishes? 請(qǐng)把餐具洗了好嗎? ②這個(gè)句型的否定式是Would you mind not doing sth……?或Do you mind not doing sth? 意為“請(qǐng)你不要……好嗎?” Would you mind not turning off the light? 請(qǐng)你別關(guān)燈好嗎? 2. Could you please…?或Would you please…?也常用來禮貌地提出請(qǐng)求,意為“你能……嗎? 請(qǐng)你……好嗎?”。 肯定回答常用Certainly……,sure……,OK……,No problem. 否定回答常用So
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