（天津?qū)Ｓ茫?019高考英語二輪增分策略 專題二 完形填空 第二節(jié) 三 說明文課件.ppt

三、說明文,專題二第二節(jié)分類突破,感悟體會(huì),名師點(diǎn)津,內(nèi)容索引,隨堂限時(shí)練,感悟體會(huì),Men and women may have different experiences in shopping for clothes. A man goes shopping because he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided in 1 .He knows what he wants，and his 2 is to find it and buy it.All men 3 walk into a shop and ask the shop assistant for what they want.If the shop has it in stock(庫存)，the deal can be done and 4 is pleted in less than five minutes，with hardly any chat to everyones 5 .,For a man，slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants.In that 6 ，the salesman tries to sell the customer something elsehe 7 the nearest to the article required.A good salesman brings out such a substitute(替代品) 8 ；he may say，“I know this jacket is not the style you want，sir，but would you like to try it for size？It 9 to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have 10 with this treatment，and the usual answer is：“This is the right color and may be the right size，but I shouldnt be 11 my time and yours by trying it on.”,語篇解讀本文為說明文。文章介紹了男女在購物方面的不同表現(xiàn)。,For a woman，buying clothes is always done in the 12 way.Her shopping is not often 13 on need.She has never fully decided what she wants，and she is only “having a look around”.She is always 14 to persuasion，willing to try on any number of things.Deep in her mind is the thought of finding something that 15 thinks suits her.Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the lookout for the unexpected 16 .Faced with a roomful of dresses，a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another 17 selecting the dress she wants to 18 .It is a tiresome process，but clearly a(n) 19 one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting 20 .,語篇解讀,1.A.detail B.hurry C.advance D.mind,解析根據(jù)下句“He knows what he wants.”可知男人購物時(shí)，他們要買的東西預(yù)先(in advance)就決定好了。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.A.advice B.goal C.demand D.question,解析既然他知道他想要什么，因此他的目標(biāo)(goal)就是發(fā)現(xiàn)它并購買。advice建議；demand要求；question問題。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.A.quickly B.immediately C.soon D.simply,解析所有的男士只是(simply)走進(jìn)商店向售貨員要他們想要的東西。quickly迅速地；immediately立即；soon不久。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.A.often B.constantly C.normally D.finally,解析如果商店有現(xiàn)貨就可以進(jìn)行交易，交易過程常常(often)在不到5分鐘之內(nèi)就可完成，幾乎沒有閑聊且皆大歡喜(to everyones satisfaction)。constantly不停地；normally正常地，一般地；finally最后。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.A.confidence B.amusement C.satisfaction D.surprise,解析解析見上題。confidence信心；amusement娛樂；satisfaction滿意；surprise驚奇。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.A.time B.event C.situation D.case,解析如果那樣的話(in that case)，售貨員就會(huì)竭盡全力賣給顧客其他東西售貨員會(huì)把離這位男顧客想要的東西最近的那件提供(offer)給他。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.A.gives B.offers C.presents D.delivers,解析解析見上題。give給予；present贈(zèng)送，呈現(xiàn)；deliver送(貨)。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.A.skillfully B.attentively C.actively D.carefully,解析好的售貨員會(huì)巧妙地(skillfully)拿出這樣的替代品。attentively認(rèn)真地；actively積極地；carefully仔細(xì)地。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.A.occurs B.happens Ces D.takes,解析先生，我知道這件夾克不是你想要的款式，但是你能試一試這件看看尺碼合適嗎？那碰巧(happen)是你提到的那種顏色。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.A.patience B.interest C.expectation D.experience,解析根據(jù)上文男士購物特點(diǎn)的介紹可知：很少的男士會(huì)對這種服務(wù)有耐心(patience)。interest興趣；expectation期待；experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.A.losing B.spending C.giving D.wasting,解析這件的顏色和大小可能都合適，但我不應(yīng)該通過試穿它來浪費(fèi)(waste)你我的時(shí)間。lose丟失；spend花費(fèi)；give給予。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.A.same B.clever C.opposite D.similar,解析對于女士來說，她們總是以迥然不同的(opposite)方式購買衣服。same相同的；clever聰明的；similar相似的。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.A.relied B.based C.done D.related,解析女士購物經(jīng)常不是基于需要。be based on基于；be relied on被依賴。沒有be done on和be related on結(jié)構(gòu)。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.A.open B.ready C.close D.happy,解析根據(jù)后半句中的“.willing to try on any number of things.”可知，女士總是樂于接受(be open to)勸導(dǎo)。沒有be ready to sth. 和be happy to sth. 句式，故排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；be close to sth. 接近某物，不合句意，故被排除。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.A.nobody B.somebody C.everybody D.anybody,解析在女性購物者內(nèi)心深處是想找到每個(gè)人(everyone)都認(rèn)為適合她的東西。anybody常用于否定句和疑問句，故被排除。nobody和somebody不合本句句意，可直接排除。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.A.deal B.surprise C.luck D.bargain,解析根據(jù)上文(大多數(shù)女性都有超高的價(jià)值意識)可推知，女性購物者總是對意外的便宜貨(bargain)很留意。deal交易；surprise驚奇；luck運(yùn)氣。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,17.A.after B.as C.before D.by,解析面對滿屋子的衣服，女性購物者可能會(huì)很容易花一個(gè)小時(shí)從一個(gè)服裝架走到另一個(gè)服裝架才(before)會(huì)選中自己想要試穿(try on)的衣服。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.A.try on B.try out C.try up D.try for,解析參考上題解析。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,19.A.tiring B.enjoyable C.boring D.graceful,解析這個(gè)過程很煩人，但對女性購物者來說顯然是一種令她們很愉悅的(enjoyable)過程。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,20.A.customers B.assistants C.wives D.husbands,解析男士不愿意購物，因此大多數(shù)服裝店總是給等待女士購物的丈夫們提供椅子。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,名師點(diǎn)津,一、題型解讀 說明文是對事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)、用途、原理或事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果、用途、原理等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋、說明的一種文體。 與記敘文相比，說明文類完形填空有如下命題特點(diǎn)： 1.文章多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 說明文通常是對客觀事物或?qū)嵗慕榻B與說明，與時(shí)間的變化關(guān)系不大，所以文章常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 2.語言簡練、平實(shí)、準(zhǔn)確，常采用客觀描述。 說明文的目的是要幫助讀者認(rèn)清事物，明白事理，所以語言簡練、平實(shí)，易于理解，內(nèi)容客觀真實(shí)。 3.文章主題明確，層次分明。 高考說明文類完形填空往往文章開頭就點(diǎn)明說明對象，從而為同學(xué)們把握文章主題提供有利條件。 而且，作者借助合理的說明順序展開文章，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明。,二、解題技巧 1.明確說明對象，理清段落關(guān)系。 通讀全文，明確作者是針對哪一個(gè)說明對象從不同的角度和側(cè)面對其加以說明的。 在閱讀過程中要概括、總結(jié)每一段說明的側(cè)重點(diǎn)，理清各段之間的關(guān)系，加深對說明對象的理解。 2.弄清說明順序，把握文章脈絡(luò)。 在說明的過程中作者會(huì)選擇合理的說明順序?qū)φf明對象進(jìn)行解說。 把握了說明順序能準(zhǔn)確把握文章的脈絡(luò)，加深對整篇文章的理解。 常見的說明順序有時(shí)間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序(如因果關(guān)系、果因關(guān)系、先主后次等)和認(rèn)識順序(如由此及彼、由淺入深、由局部到整體、由現(xiàn)象到本質(zhì)等)。,隨堂限時(shí)練,While traveling，you might have stayed at a hotel or a family members house.But have you ever thought about staying in a strangers 1 ？ This might sound 2 ，but its actually a trend thats being popular around the world，including China. Lodging rental(借宿出租) panies like Airbnb are helping people look for cheap ways to 3 .This website allows people to rent out their 4 rooms or apartments as an alternative to 5 in over 190 countries.,Created by young American men Brian Chesky，Joe Gebbia and Nathan Blecharczyk，Airbnb is a good example of a 6 economy. Through the Internet，people share 7 such as cars，apartments and 8 their expertise. 9 post information about the location，prices，descriptions and pictures.Guests can go to the 10 and find their favorite place to stay.Users 11 their opinions on their stay so that people know whether a place is good or not.,A man in New York named Jonathan Powley even rents out his 12 for $22 (140 yuan) per night through Airbnb.This is no 13 car.Powley took out the car seats and changed the 14 to look more weling.He keeps it clean and puts flowers in it every day.He provides snacks and tells travelers where they can go and shower. But Airbnb does have some 15 .Sometimes you end up living with a stranger or it is not as 16 as it looked like online. 17 ，hosts sometimes get mad when they get home and its a plete 18 . In China，Airbnb operates in five 19 including Beijing and Shanghai. The country has seen a major 20 in Airbnb users in the past year.,語篇解讀,語篇解讀文章主要講述了現(xiàn)在社會(huì)流行的一種趨勢，越來越多的人使用Airbnb分享資源，并指出了它所存在的一些問題。,1.A.office B.camp C.home D.garden,解析句意為：但是你有沒有想過住在陌生人的家里。office辦公室；camp露營；home家；garden花園。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.A.great B.amazing C.dangerous D.strange,解析句意為：這聽起來有些奇怪。great偉大的；amazing令人驚異的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；strange奇怪的。故選D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.A.travel B.play C.walk D.live,解析句意為：像Airbnb這樣的住宿租賃公司正在幫助人們尋找便宜的旅行方式。travel旅行；play游戲；walk散步；live生活。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.A.new B.private C.spare D.separate,解析句意為：這個(gè)網(wǎng)站允許人們出租空余的房間或公寓，在超過190個(gè)國家里作為酒店的替代選擇。new新的；private私人的；spare空余的；separate單獨(dú)的。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.A.shops B.hotels C.restaurants D.homes,解析句意為：這個(gè)網(wǎng)站允許人們出租空余的房間或公寓，在超過190個(gè)國家城作為酒店的替代選擇。shop商店；hotel酒店；restaurant餐廳；home家。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.A.sharing B.different C.fresh Dmercial,解析由下文的share可知，此處指的是分享經(jīng)濟(jì)。sharing分享的，公用的；different不同的；fresh新鮮的；mercial商業(yè)的。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.A.objects B.rooms C.resources D.experiences,解析句意為：通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，人們共享資源，如汽車、公寓，甚至他們的專業(yè)知識。object物體；room房間；resource資源；experience經(jīng)歷。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.A.still B.yet C.always D.even,解析句意參見上題解析。still仍然；yet然而；always一直，總是；even甚至。故選D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.A.Hosts B.Travelers C.Guests D.Sellers,解析句意為：寄主發(fā)布關(guān)于位置、價(jià)格、描述和圖片的信息。host主人，寄主；traveler旅行者；guest客人；seller賣方。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.Apany B.website C.hotel D.agent,解析由文章第三段中的“This website”可知，此處指客人們可以到網(wǎng)站去找他們最喜歡的地方。pany公司；website網(wǎng)站；hotel旅館；agent代理人。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.A.show B.post C.put D.deliver,解析句意為：用戶發(fā)布他們的意見，讓人們知道一個(gè)地方是好還是壞。前文的post亦是提示。show顯示，說明；post發(fā)布；put放；deliver遞送。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.A.expertise B.car seats C.apartment D.taxi,解析句意為：紐約一位名叫喬納森波利的男子甚至以每晚22美元的價(jià)格出租他的出租車。expertise專門知識；car seats汽車座椅；apartment公寓；taxi出租車。下句“This is no car.”也是提示。故選D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.A.ordinary Bfortable C.terrible D.special,解析句意為：這不是一輛普通的車。由后邊波利對它進(jìn)行改裝可知。ordinary普通的；fortable舒服的；terrible可怕的；special特別的。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.A.outside B.inside C.size D.shape,解析句意為：波利拿出汽車座椅，改變了車的內(nèi)部使之看起來更加受歡迎。outside外觀；inside內(nèi)部，內(nèi)側(cè)；size尺寸；shape形狀。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.A.regulations B.reasons C.problems D.advantages,解析句意為：但Airbnb確實(shí)存在一些問題。regulation條例，規(guī)則；reason原因；problem問題；advantage優(yōu)勢。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.A.nice B.cheap C.bad D.real,解析句意為：有時(shí)，你和陌生人住在一起，或者它并不像網(wǎng)上看起來那么好。nice好的；cheap便宜的；bad壞的；real真實(shí)的。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,17.A.Also B.Instead C.Though D.Therefore,解析由上文語境“你可能會(huì)跟陌生人住在一起”和下文“房主可能發(fā)瘋”之間存在并列關(guān)系。都指Airbnb可能帶來的問題。also而且；instead代替；though盡管；therefore因此。故選A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.A.surprise B.trip C.mess D.joy,解析surprise驚奇；trip旅行；mess混亂；joy歡樂。由語境可知，以上四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)能使房主發(fā)瘋。故選C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,19.A.projects B.cities C.businesses D.agents,解析句意為：在中國，Airbnb在包括北京和上海等五個(gè)城市運(yùn)營。project項(xiàng)目，工程；city城市；business商業(yè)；agent代理。故選B。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,20.A.shift B.drop C.trend D.increase,解析由上文第二段中的“trend”“popular”也可知，此處指在過去的一年里，Airbnb的用戶數(shù)量大幅增長。shift移動(dòng)，變化；drop落下；trend趨勢，傾向；increase增長。故選D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,