M2U1 grammar(教師版) 2

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1、 四環(huán)節(jié)導(dǎo)思教學(xué)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 牛津高中英語(yǔ)模塊二第一單元 Module 2 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained Period 3 Grammar Present perfect tense&Present perfect continuous tense 目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航 課時(shí)目標(biāo)呈現(xiàn) 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】 1. 掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法。 2.區(qū)分現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)及現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 課前自主預(yù)習(xí) 新知導(dǎo)學(xué)【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】 【知識(shí)線索】 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是一種既涉及過(guò)去又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在的

2、時(shí)態(tài)。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能還會(huì)延續(xù)下去的時(shí)態(tài)。 1. He has lived in Beijing for ten years. 2. I have already seen the film. 3. He has been learning English for 6 years. 4. I have been looking for you everywhere. 疑難導(dǎo)思 課中師生互動(dòng) 【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：肯定句_________________ 否定句______________

3、 疑問(wèn)句______________ 主語(yǔ)( I/We/You/They) + ______ +過(guò)去分詞 主語(yǔ)(He/She/It) + _______ +過(guò)去分詞 Keys: have/has +過(guò)去分詞；have/has + not +過(guò)去分詞； Have/Has +主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞......?；have; has 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法： ⑴ The boy _ _ (catch) a bird. He is very happy. has caught (2) Jack _________ (see) the con

4、cert. He doesn’t want to see it again. has seen (3) She ____ just _______ (come) back from the USA. has come (4) I _____ never ______ (visit) San Francisco in the USA. have visited 總結(jié):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): 表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響(說(shuō)話者強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事 情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響)或說(shuō)話時(shí)剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有just(剛剛) already(已經(jīng)) ever(曾經(jīng)) recently(

5、最近) never(從未) yet(已經(jīng)，用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句) before(以前) lately(最近)。 (5)In the past few years, great changes _________ (take) place in my hometown. have taken (6)He _________(write) 8 books so far. has written (7)We _________(learn) English for 6 ye

6、ars. have learned (8)I ___________(work) here since I left college. have worked 總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：lately, recently, in the last/past few days/weeks/months/years(在過(guò)去的幾天/星期/月/年里), during the last/past two days(在過(guò)去的兩天里), so far(到目前為止), up to now, since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+一段

7、時(shí)間，since then(自從那時(shí)起）these days...... (9) We __________ (visit) Beijing three times. have visited 總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): 表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在之間曾經(jīng)歷過(guò)的事情，常和以下詞語(yǔ)連用：once(一次，曾經(jīng))， twice(兩次），three times(三次），before, ever, never。 (10) This is the first time that I ________ (come) here. have come (11) This is the best teacher I

8、______ ever _____(meet). have met 總結(jié)：This/It/That is the first/second...time +that從句(這是某人第幾次做某事)。This /That/It is the 形容詞最高級(jí)+n. +that從句。that從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 (12)Don’t get off the bus until it ________ (stop). has stopped (13)I won’t believe you unless I ________ (see) it with my own eyes. h

9、ave seen 總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中表達(dá)將來(lái)某時(shí)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái)完成時(shí)。 (14)---- Where is Li Hua ? -----He ______ to the reading room. (has been/has gone) has gone (15)----She knows about Shanghai. -----She _______ to Shanghai twice.(has been/has gone) has been 總結(jié)：表示曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，人已回來(lái)用have/has been to;

10、 表示已去某地，人還未回來(lái)用have/has gone to。 (16)我來(lái)這兒有20年了。 I have come here for 20 years. (False) I have been here for 20 years. (True) I came here 20 years ago. (True) 總結(jié)：瞬間動(dòng)詞可以用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，但不可以接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。若要接一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，需要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示。常見(jiàn)的瞬間動(dòng)詞有：come, go, join, buy, borrow, lend, leave, arrive, die, marr

11、y, begin, start, lose, finish, receive... 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)： 1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：_____________________ have/has been doing 2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 (17)這篇文章我已經(jīng)翻譯兩小時(shí)了。 I___________________ the article for two hours. have been translating (18)自從1987年以來(lái)，他一直在這兒工作。 He__________________ here since 1987. has been work

12、ing (19)I’m very tired. I ________________(paint) the room all the afternoon. have been painting 總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，有可能還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：for+時(shí)間段，since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)，all the time/morning。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別： (20)I ________ (write) a letter. (信已寫完) have written (21)I_________

13、____(write) a letter.(尚未寫完） have been writing 總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)著重表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果；而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)著重動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行，及動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別： (22)He ______ the door. 他鎖過(guò)門。(現(xiàn)在門是開(kāi)是鎖不清楚） locked (23)He _________ the door. 他把門鎖上了。(現(xiàn)在門是鎖著的） has locked 總結(jié)：兩者都可表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，而一般

14、過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去有這一動(dòng)作的事實(shí)。 (24)He ________ in Beijing for three years. 他在北京住了三年了。(現(xiàn)在仍住那兒。) has lived (25)He ________ in Beijing for three years. 他曾在北京住了三年。(現(xiàn)在不住那兒了。) lived 總結(jié)：兩者都可表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始并延續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示該動(dòng)作仍在繼續(xù)，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則說(shuō)明該動(dòng)作現(xiàn)已終

15、止。 【隨堂檢測(cè)】 單項(xiàng)選擇 1.Li Lei the pen for five years. A. has had B. bought C. have bought 2. It’s three years since he the army. A. has joined B. has been in C. joined 3.I have been here 4 years. A. since B. for C. from 4.We have

16、 learnt English six years ago. A. since B. for C. from 5.My brother the army for 5 years A. has joined B. has been in C. has been to 6.In the past ten years the workers many houses. A. have built B. had built C. built Keys: 1---

17、-5 ACBABA 【課堂小結(jié)】 課后訓(xùn)練提升 達(dá)標(biāo)導(dǎo)練 課時(shí)訓(xùn)練 （ 層次A ） 一.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空. 1. I never (hear) of that before. 2. She just (finish) her homework 3. you ever (ride) a horse? 4. -- you (milk)the cow yet ? --Yes, I (do)that alre

18、ady. 5. I (not see)her these days. 6. She (learn)English for three years. 7. They (live) here since 1990. 8. What (happen)to the USA in the last 350years? Keys: 1.have heard 2.has finished 3.have ridden 4.Have milked;

19、have done 5.haven’t seen 6.has learnt 7.have been living 8.has happened （ 層次B ） 單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. “_____ you _____ him around the museum yet？”(2007 江蘇) “Yes. We had a great time there.” A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show 2. With the rapid growth o

20、f population, the city _____ in all directions in the past five years. A. spreads B. has spread C. spread D. had spread 3. So far this year we _____ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.(2008 福建) A. saw B. see C. had seen

21、 D. have seen 4. I wonder why Jenny ______ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.(2002 全國(guó)) A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t written 5. The construction of the two new railway lines _____ by now.(2006 陜西) A

22、. has completed B. hae completed C. have been completed D. has been completed 6. “How long ______ you ____ each other?” “Well, it _____ nearly two years since we met last.” A. didn’t; see; is B. haven’t; seen; had been C. don’t; see; has been D. ha

23、ven’t; seen; has been 7. His sister left home in 1998, and _____ since.(2009 全國(guó)) A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of 8. “Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?” “Yes，since she ______ the Chinese Society.”(2008 海南 寧夏

24、) A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined 9. “A long time ago, I ______ in the USA for two years.” A. have lived B. had lived C. was living D. lived 10. Hello! I _____ you _____ here. How long have you been here? A. don’t know;

25、were B. hadn’t known; are C. haven’t known; are D. didn’t know; were 11. “I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?” “Sorry, I ____ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.”(2010 北京) A. hadn’t made B

26、. wouldn’t make C. don’t make D. haven’t made 12. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ half of it.(2004 全國(guó) ) A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed 13. “I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holi

27、day.” “Oh. How nice. Do you know when she ______.”(2004 湖南) A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left 14. Edward, you play so well. But I _____ you played the piano.(2009 全國(guó)) A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known C. don’t know

28、 D. haven’t known 15. I’m tired out. I ______ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.(2010 湖南) A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping 16. We _____ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.(2010

29、天津) A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked 17. Now that she is out of work, Lucy ____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.(2004 北京) A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered

30、 D. is going to consider 18. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshines School, where she _____ English for a year.(2007 湖南) A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying Keys: ABDAD DBDDD DDDAD BBD 【糾錯(cuò)·感悟】 6 7