2014屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit2《English around the World》詞匯與短語(yǔ)全方位訓(xùn)練 新人教版必修1

1112014屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)全方位配套訓(xùn)練人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World詞匯與短語(yǔ)1.voyage n.航行；航?！境？加梅ā縨ake a voyage to the Pacific Ocean到太平洋航行make a long sea voyage一次漫長(zhǎng)的海上旅行on a voyage from Yantai to Dalian在從煙臺(tái)到大連的航行中g(shù)o on a voyage去航行【辨析】voyage,tour,travel,journey與tripvoyage指不論距離長(zhǎng)短的海上旅行或空中旅行tour指巡回旅行，常含有去不同的幾個(gè)地方旅行之后又回到原出發(fā)地之意travel指長(zhǎng)距離旅行或國(guó)外旅行journey常指遠(yuǎn)距離的陸上旅行，不含有回到原出發(fā)地之意trip指較短距離的旅行，常含有回到原出發(fā)地之意2.because of 因?yàn)?；由于【?？加梅ā縝ecause of the bad weather由于壞天氣because of ill health由于健康狀況不佳because of the heavy rain由于下大雨because of his illness因?yàn)樗　径陶Z(yǔ)鏈接】due to因?yàn)?owing to因?yàn)?thanks to幸虧，由于 on account of因?yàn)椤臼旮呖兼溄印?2007·浙江高考)The open-air celebration has been put off the bad weather.A.in case ofB.in spite ofC.instead ofD.because of答案：D 本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)意義辨析。句意：因?yàn)閴奶鞖猓短鞈c?；顒?dòng)被推遲了。in case of以防萬一；in spite of盡管；instead of代替；because of因?yàn)椤?.come up 走近；上來，(太陽(yáng)、月亮等)升起；被提出；長(zhǎng)出【?？加梅ā縞ome up to your apartment到你的公寓來come up at the meeting（問題）在會(huì)上被提出【短語(yǔ)鏈接】come up with想出(計(jì)劃、回答)come about發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生come along進(jìn)展；進(jìn)步；進(jìn)行come at向接近；襲擊；攻擊come out出現(xiàn)；開花；出版come on快點(diǎn)；加油come over過來；順便來訪come to總計(jì)；總共；達(dá)到come across偶遇；碰到come true實(shí)現(xiàn)【十年高考鏈接】(1)(2013·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)高考)Would you like to with us to the film tonight?A.come alongB.come offC.come acrossD.come through答案：A 首先了解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的漢語(yǔ)意思。A項(xiàng)come along“一起來”；B項(xiàng)come off“成功；舉行”；C項(xiàng)come across“偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D項(xiàng)come through“公開；公布；（健康）恢復(fù)”。題干的意思是：“今晚你想和我們一起去看電影嗎？”根據(jù)with us及題意可知選A。（2）（2012·浙江高考） Alvin，are you coming with us? Id love to，but something unexpected .A.has come upB.was coming upC.had come upD.would come up答案：A 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法。句意：“阿爾文，你要和我們一起來嗎？”“我想來，但是發(fā)生了點(diǎn)意外情況?！爆F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情到現(xiàn)在為止且有可能持續(xù)下去，且對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響，符合語(yǔ)境，故答案選。項(xiàng)為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)；項(xiàng)為過去完成時(shí)，表示過去的過去；項(xiàng)為過去將來時(shí)，表示過去將要發(fā)生的事情，均不符合語(yǔ)境，故排除。（3）(2011·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)高考)I can the house being untidy,but I hate it if its not clean.A.come up withB.put up withC.turn toD.stick to答案：B 本題結(jié)合語(yǔ)境考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我能忍受這套房子凌亂，但不喜歡它不干凈。come up with找到（答案），想出（主意）；put up with容忍，忍受；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，翻頁(yè)，求助于；stick to堅(jiān)持。多歸類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，了解它們的含義和用法區(qū)別是做此類題目的關(guān)鍵。（4）(2011·天津高考)She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A.turned downB.dealt withC.took afterD.came across答案：D 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)在具體語(yǔ)境中的應(yīng)用。句意：昨天她在百貨商店購(gòu)物時(shí)偶遇了一位老朋友。turn down調(diào)低，拒絕；deal with處理，對(duì)付；take after與相像；come across偶然碰到。根據(jù)句意可確定選D項(xiàng)。（5）(2011·安徽高考)If you faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A.come acrossB.care aboutC.look forD.focus upon答案：A 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法辨析。句意：如果你偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)些瑕疵而又還想要那輛自行車，你可以讓店員降低價(jià)格。B項(xiàng)care about表示 “關(guān)心，在乎”， C項(xiàng)look for表示 “尋找”，D項(xiàng)focus upon表示“集中（注意力）”，這三項(xiàng)很明顯與題意不符；只有A項(xiàng)come across“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶然遇見”符合題意。因此選A項(xiàng)。做對(duì)這類題目的關(guān)鍵是牢牢掌握動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的含義，并理解句子的含義。（6）（2010·湖北高考）Had she her promise,she would have made it to Yale University.A.looked up toB.lived up toC.kept up withD.come up with答案：B 句意：如果她不辜負(fù)自己的諾言，她就會(huì)考上耶魯大學(xué)。look up to“尊敬，敬仰”；live up to“實(shí)踐；做到；不辜負(fù)”；keep up with“趕上”；come up with“提出，想出”。由句意以及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的含義可知，B項(xiàng)正確。（7）(2007·江蘇高考)Have you some new ideas?Yeah.Ill tell you later.A.come aboutB.come intoC.come up withD.come out with答案：C 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義辨析。come about發(fā)生；come into進(jìn)入，得到；come up with想出；come out with發(fā)表，公布，說出。句意：“你想出新的主意了嗎？”“是的，我過會(huì)兒告訴你?！保?）(2006·天津高考)Most of us know we should cut down on fat，but knowing such things isnt much help when it shopping and eating.A.refers toB.speaks ofC.focuses onD.comes to答案：D 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義辨析。句意：我們絕大多數(shù)人都知道應(yīng)該減肥，但是當(dāng)談及購(gòu)物和吃的時(shí)候，知道這些沒大有用。refer to提到，提及；speak of說起，評(píng)價(jià)；focus on集中注意力于；come to談及，when it comes to當(dāng)談及的時(shí)候，為固定句式，故D項(xiàng)正確。（9）（2006·湖南高考）Its already 10 oclock.I wonder how it that she was two hours late on such a short trip.A.came overB.came outC.came aboutD.came up答案：C 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義辨析。how did it come about為固定句式，意為“怎么會(huì)？”，故C項(xiàng)正確。4.actually adv.實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上【短語(yǔ)鏈接】actually=in fact=in actual fact=as a matter of fact=in reality事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上【十年高考鏈接】（1）(2009·安徽高考) Do you think its a good idea to make friends with your students? ，I do.I think its a great idea.A.ReallyB.ObviouslyC.ActuallyD.Generally答案:C 本題考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意:“你認(rèn)為和你的學(xué)生交朋友是個(gè)好主意嗎?”“是的，確實(shí)如此。我認(rèn)為是個(gè)很好的主意?！庇上戮淇隙ɑ卮鹂芍颂幈硎举澩瑢?duì)方的觀點(diǎn)，故用Actually。（2）(2009·浙江高考)In the good care of the nurses，the boy is recovering from his heart operation.A.quietlyB.actuallyC.practicallyD.gradually答案：D 本題考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:心臟手術(shù)后，在護(hù)士們的精心護(hù)理下，這個(gè)男孩漸漸地痊愈了。quietly靜靜地;actually實(shí)際上;practically實(shí)際地;gradually逐漸地。 5.base vt.建于之上，以為根據(jù)n.底；根基，基礎(chǔ)；基地，根據(jù)地【?？加梅ā縝ase his opinion on facts以事實(shí)為依據(jù)發(fā)表他的觀點(diǎn)base ones theory on practice理論以實(shí)踐為基礎(chǔ)be based on a true story以一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事為基礎(chǔ)the base of a building建筑物的根基at the base of the mountain在山腳下【十年高考鏈接】（2012·江蘇高考） an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it soon or later.A.BasedB.BasingC.BaseD.To base答案：B 本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：憑著感情而不是理智作出一個(gè)重要決定，你遲早會(huì)后悔的。you與base之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。6.present adj.目前的，現(xiàn)在的；出席的，在場(chǎng)的n.禮物；目前vt.把交給；提出；贈(zèng)送【?？加梅ā縯he present situation目前的形勢(shì)the present government leaders現(xiàn)任政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人be present at the World Media Summit出席世界媒體峰會(huì)at the present time目前at present目前，現(xiàn)在present a bunch of flowers to his mother =present his mother with a bunch of flowers贈(zèng)給他的母親一束花be presented to the headmaster被引薦給校長(zhǎng)【十年高考鏈接】（1）(2009·北京高考)All of them try to use the power of the workstation information in a more effective way.A.presentingB.presentedC.being presentedD.to present答案:D 本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法。此處用不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意:他們所有人都試圖借助工作站的力量用一種更有效的方式來呈現(xiàn)信息。 （2）(2008·浙江高考)There are plenty of jobs in the western part of the country.A.presentB.availableC.preciousD.convenient答案：B 本題考查形容詞的用法。available意為“可得到的，可利用的”。句意為“在這個(gè)國(guó)家的西部地區(qū)，有很多工作可找”。（3）(2008·湖北高考)As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer to the problem.A.handleB.raiseC.faceD.present答案：A 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)檫@兒沒有人知道機(jī)器出了什么故障，所以我們必須去請(qǐng)一位工程師來解決這個(gè)問題。handle處理，解決；raise抬高；飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；提出（問題等）;face面對(duì)，面臨；present呈現(xiàn)；介紹；贈(zèng)送。7.make use of 利用；使用【?？加梅ā縨ake full use of your time充分利用你的時(shí)間make the best use of your money充分利用你的金錢make use of your time to learn a foreign language利用時(shí)間學(xué)門外語(yǔ)make good use of any opportunity to practice English好好利用一切機(jī)會(huì)練英語(yǔ)make good use of the Internet resources充分利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源【短語(yǔ)鏈接】make the most of充分利用take advantage of利用in use在使用 out of use不再被用bring.into use開始利用；對(duì)加以使用 come into use開始使用【十年高考鏈接】(2011·浙江高考)The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to，but I suppose Ill just have to it.A.make the best ofB.get away fromC.keep an eye onD.catch up with答案：A 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義辨析。句意：這所學(xué)校并不是我真正想去的學(xué)校，但是我想我會(huì)充分利用它。make the best of 充分利用；get away from 逃離；keep an eye on照看，留神；catch up with趕上。結(jié)合句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。 此類題的解題關(guān)鍵是弄明白所給選項(xiàng)的意義，再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境作出選擇。8.latter adj.較后的，后期的，(兩者中)后者的【?？加梅ā縯he latter half of the year后半年 in the latter part of her life在她的后半生 the latter book后一本書 the former.the latter.前者后者【拓展】late adj. & adv.遲(的)，晚(的) later adj.后期的，較后的adv.后來，較晚地latest adj.最新的，最近的 lately adv.(recently)最近，近來9.such as 例如；像這樣的【?？加梅ā縮uch as tea and coffee例如茶和咖啡such as English and French例如英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)such as Canada，Britain and Japan比如加拿大、英國(guó)和日本【辨析】such as與for example（1）such as用于列舉事物時(shí)常放在所列舉事物與前面的名詞之間，且直接跟所列舉的事物，其后不用逗號(hào)。它所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提的事物的總和。（2）for example主要用于舉例說明，其位置比較靈活，可位于句首、句中或句末，前后多用逗號(hào)隔開?！臼旮呖兼溄印?2008·江西高考)My English teachers humor was make every student burst into laughter.A.so as toB.such as toC.such thatD.so that答案：B 本題考查代詞such的用法。句意：我的英語(yǔ)老師的幽默就是如此（好笑）以至于使每一個(gè)同學(xué)都哈哈大笑。such as （to do）到如此程度，如此以至于（正式或文學(xué)用語(yǔ)）。A項(xiàng)只能作目的狀語(yǔ)，不能作表語(yǔ)。C、D兩項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)從句。10.frequently adv.常常；頻繁地【?？加梅ā縭un frequently between the city and the airport頻繁地往來于城市與機(jī)場(chǎng)之間speak English frequently經(jīng)常說英語(yǔ)quarrel frequently經(jīng)常吵架【十年高考鏈接】（2010·福建高考）Drunk driving,which was once a occurrence,is now under control.A.generalB.frequentC.normalD.particular答案：B 句意：醉酒駕駛，曾經(jīng)是一件經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事，現(xiàn)在被控制住了。general一般的； frequent經(jīng)常的； normal正常的； particular特別的。根據(jù)句意選B項(xiàng)。111