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Module 1輔導(dǎo)
冠詞講解與考點分析
冠詞是中考單項填空必考的語法項目之一,一般每年有一道小題,兩個空。因為冠詞用法比較靈活,往往隨著語境的變化而變化,并且固定搭配和特例較多，失分的考生比較多。本文將結(jié)合中考試題,歸納冠詞的考點。
第一部分：基礎(chǔ)知識
一、冠詞概述
冠詞是虛詞，它不能單獨使用。只能附在一個名詞上說明這個名詞。冠詞分為不定冠a(an)詞和定冠詞the。不定冠詞一般表示泛指；定冠詞一般表示特指。
二、不定冠詞a(an)的用法
A. 不定冠詞a(an)用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。a用于輔音字母開始的詞前；an用于元音字母開始的詞前。如：a girl
2、 an English book
B. 不定冠詞用來表示類別，指某一類人或某一類事物中的一個(泛指)。如：
His father is a doctor.
I work in a middle school in Beijing.
C. 不定冠詞用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，可以表示其全類(泛指)。如：
An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English.
三、定冠詞the的用法
① 表示上文提到過的人或事物。
如：He bought an Englis
3、h-Chinese dictionary this morning.
The dictionary is very good.
?、凇∮糜趩螖?shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示整體或類別。
如：The panda is a rare animal.
此句等于：A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.
?、邸∮脕肀硎臼澜缟溪氁粺o二的事物。
如：the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world
④ 用于表示階級、黨派的名詞前。
如：the Chinese Comm
4、unist Party, the working class the proletariat 無產(chǎn)階級
?、荨〕Ｓ糜诤衅胀~或形容詞的專有名詞前。
A. 用于許多江海，山脈，群島等名詞前：
The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean
B. 用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國名：
The People's Republic of China the United States
C. 用于機關(guān)、團體、朝代、時代、報刊雜志等名詞前：
the Unit
5、ed Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty
the People's Daily the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel
the British Museum
?、蕖∮糜诒硎痉轿坏拿~前。
如：the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left
?、摺∮糜跇菲髅~前，但漢語拼音的樂器前不用冠詞。
如：play the piano play the violin
6、 play erhu
⑧ 用于復(fù)數(shù)的姓氏前，表示兩夫婦或全家，在此情況下，這類名詞作復(fù)數(shù)
對待。
如：When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us.
The Smiths watch TV every day.
?、帷∮糜谀承┬稳菰~或過去分詞前，表示一類人或事物。
如：the poor the rich the living the young
the wounded the oppressed the beautiful
7、?、狻∮迷谛稳菰~的最高級前或序數(shù)詞前。
如：Shanghai is the biggest city in china.
After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.
四、零冠詞用法
① 表示某一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，不用冠詞。
Now people are living a happy life.
Trees are planted everywhere.
② 不含普通名詞的專有名詞，表示泛指的物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名
8、詞前，不用冠
詞。
We are studying English.
He is leaving for America this year.
It is pleasant to walk in soft snow.
Love is always stronger than hatred.
?、邸∶~前有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾，不用冠詞。
I like this picture better.
Is that your book?
9、 Take their chairs away!
I do not have any money on me.
As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.
?、堋〖竟?jié)、月份、星期等名詞前，一般不用冠詞。
She likes spring while I like summer.
We have no classes on Saturday.
The Long March started in October 1934.
10、 ⑤ 表示只有一人擔(dān)任的職務(wù)、頭銜的名詞前，不用冠詞。
We have elected him our monitor.
?、蕖∪惋埖拿~前，一般不用冠詞。
When do you have lunch?
After supper we usually take a walk.
?、摺」?jié)假日等名詞前，不用冠詞。
Children all wear their best clothes on National Day.
People give gifts to each other on Christm
11、as Day.
注意：在eve后有of短語則要加定冠詞：
on the eve of National Day
on the eve of New Year’s Day
?、唷∏蝾惡推孱愡\動的名詞前，不用冠詞。
play basketball play chess
?、帷∽鞅碚Z用表示程度的形容詞最高級前，不用冠詞。
Your help was most timely.
This method is most effective.
注意：如果有比較范圍，形容詞最
12、高級前必須加定冠詞：
Of all methods, this is the most effective.
?、狻≡谀承┕潭ㄔ~組里，名詞前不用冠詞。
on foot by train/ boat / plane… in fact as a matter of fact
in class in church in danger in hospital in town in bed
at home at school at daybreak at sunrise at duskat sunset at night
at n
13、oon go to school go to class go to bed from morning till night
from victory to victory from door to door
五、注意事項
?、佟‘?dāng)man作人類講時，用零冠詞。
Man will conquer nature.
?、凇∧承┏橄竺~具體化時是可數(shù)名詞，其前可加a。surprise, fire, joy,
He is a success as a teacher.
Long Jing is a
14、 famous tea in China.
③ a 用于姓氏前表示某個只知道名字而不不熟悉的人。
A Mr Liu is waiting to see you outside.
④ 在某些句型中可加a
It is a pity that you have missed the chance.
It is a shame / a pleasure / a honour for sb. to do sth.
?、荨ord 作消息講時，用零冠詞。
Word came that he would go abroad.
15、
第二部分：考點分析
考點1 不定冠詞
一、用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示泛指，相當(dāng)于“any”，說明事物的種類或類屬。
例題：
1．It is often said that __________ teachers have __________ very easy life.
A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the, 不填 D. the, a
提示：這里的a very easy life（簡單的生活）表示泛指。
答案：B
2．When you come here for your holiday
16、next time, don\'t go to________hotel; I can find you________bed in my flat.
A. the; a B. the; 不填C. a; the D. a; 不填
提示：此處bed表示泛指,意思是“我能在我的公寓里為你找到一張床”。
答案：A
二、用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示某一個，相當(dāng)于“a certain”。
例題：
1．I knew ______ John Lennon, but not ______ famous one.
A. 不填；a B. a；the C.
17、不填；the D. the；a
提示：有一個叫John Lennon的人，用不定代詞，表示某一個。
答案：B
2．I can't remember when exactly the Robinsons left __ city. I only remember it was ____ Monday.
A. the, the B. a, the C. a, a D. the, a
提示：某個星期天是a Monday。
答案：D
三、不定冠詞a用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前,an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前。
例題：
T
18、he Wilsons live in ______ A- shaped house near the coast. It is ____ 17th century cottage.
A. the ; 不填 B. an; the C. 不填 ; the D. an; a
提示：因為a 屬于元音音素，應(yīng)該用an;
答案：D
四、不定冠詞位于抽象名詞前，與抽象名詞連用，使抽象名詞具體化，表示“一場、一次、一件”。如：a pleasure一件樂事，a surprise一件令人驚訝的事，a joy一件高興的事，a pity一件遺憾的事，an honour一個（件）經(jīng)以為榮的人(事)。
例題：
19、
1．It is _____ great pleasure to go to ____ cinema after a week’s hard work.
A. a; the B. the ; a C. a, a D. the , the
提示：a great pleasure 表示“一件快樂的事”。
答案：A
2．It's quiet obvious that the aging population I China will cause ____ heavy pressure on ____ whole society in the future.
A. a; a B. the ,
20、/ C. a ,the D. /, the
提示：a heavy pressure表示一個承重的壓力。
答案：C
3．I'd like ____ coffee.
A. a B.some C.the D. a cup
提示：a coffee表示一杯咖啡。
答案：A
五、用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一”。
例題：
Give it _____ second thought and you’ll find it wise to accept ___ job.
A. the ; the B. a ; a C. a ; the D. the ; a
提示：a second
21、thought 表示“再次考慮 ”。
答案：C
考點2 定冠詞
一、表示特指或第二次提到
例題：
The warmth of ____________sweater will of course be determined by the sort of __________wool used.
A．The ; the B．the ; / C．/; the D．/; /
提示：第一空格為特指，交待the warmth的內(nèi)容。
答案：B
二、用在序數(shù)詞前、最高級前、獨一無二的東西前
例題：
Paper money was in _______ use in China wh
22、en Marco Polo visited the country in __________thirteenth century.
A．the … / B．the … the C．/ … the D．/ … /
提示：序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞the。
答案：C
三、用于固定句型中
1．beat / hit / knock / strike sb +in / on the+人體部位
例題
When I told him he had to be paid by ____ hour, he become angry and hit me on ___nose.
A. an; my B.
23、the ; the C. an ;the D. / ;a
提示：hit sb on the nose表示“打在某人的鼻子上”，用the。
答案：B.
2．the+比較級，the+比較級，表示越來越……
例題：
____ more you use a dictionary, ____ more useful it will become to you.
A. The ;the B. The ;/ C. /; the D. / ; /
答案：A
四、由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前通常加定冠詞
例題：
The most important thing about cotton in
24、history is________part that it played in________Industrial Revolution.
A. 不填;不填 B. the;不填C. the ;the D. a; the
提示：Industrial Revolution是由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞,其前須用定冠詞。
答案：C
考點3 零冠詞
一、唯一的職務(wù)、頭銜名詞前不加冠詞。
如：captain, chairman, head, president, monitor.
例題：
Lincoln was elected ____ President of ____ United S
25、tates in 1860.
A. the ; the B. / ; the C. a; / D. /;/
提示：the president 表示頭銜。
答案：B
二、球類、三餐以及學(xué)科名詞前通常使用零冠詞
例題：
She is________newcomer to________chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.
A. the; the B. the; 不填C. a; 不填 D. a; the
提示：chemistry是學(xué)科名詞,前面不加冠詞。
答案：C
三、特殊用法
如word 表示“消息”時一般不加冠詞。
例題：
Early in the morning ____ word came that David had been made _____governor of the state.
A. the ;the B. / ; / C. a ; the D. / ; the
答案：B
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2013年九年級英語下冊 Module 1 Travel冠詞講解與考點分析 外研版
