2013高考英語 經典陷阱題大串講 逗號

2013高考英語經典陷阱題大串講·逗號 1. It was his word and action, but not his appearance, _ moved us deeply.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as【分析】許多同學會受空格前面逗號的影響，認為此句是非限制性定語從句，對前面的his word and action 或his appearance進行說明，從而將答案誤選為B、C或D。而事實上，此題的正確答案為A，整個句子是It was that 強調句型，強調his word and action, but not his appearance 部分。判斷這類句子的最佳辦法是將句子中的It was 及空格同時去掉，看其留下的部分是否還成為一個句子。若是一個完整的句子，則是強調句型；若不能成為完整的句子，則可能是定語從句或主語從句。2. _ is reported, the project was completed yesterday.A. ItB. AsC. ThisD. What【分析】許多同學會忽略了句子中間的逗號而認為此題是主語從句，于是將答案誤選為A。把It當作句子的形式主語，況且It is reported 也是一個常用句型，讀起來也很有英語語感。而事實上，答案選錯了，因為在主語從句中的連接詞that不能省略。正確答案應該選B，構成一個非限制性定語從句。3. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make【分析】許多同學會一看到句子中的逗號就會想到此題是考查非謂語動詞表結果的用法：現(xiàn)在分詞表結果時，跟句子間可用逗號隔開；而不定式表結果時，與句子間常不用逗號。于是將答案誤選為 C。其實，在此句中，逗號相當于連詞and 或 but, not to make it more difficult是與逗號前面不定式 to make it easier相并列，對之進行補充或說明，因此答案應該選B。全句的意思是：新技術的目的是為了使生活變得更容易，并不是使生活變得更困難。兩個不定式在句子中作表語說明主語的內容。有如此用法的詞還有 idea, suggestion, hope, goal, aim, dream 等，如：(1) My idea is to visit the museum, _ to the park.A. not goB. not goingC. not to goD. do not go(2) My dream is not to live on the earth but _ on the moon.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. being living同學們不難看出，以上兩題的答案都是C。但值得一提的是：不定式并列作表語時，若否定的不定式在前而肯定的不定式在后，一般須用but連接，而不用逗號。4. If a book is in English, _ means slow progress for you.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that【分析】許多同學會忽略句首的if，根據空格前面的逗號判斷填空句為一個非限制性定語從句，于是將答案誤選為B或A；其實，此題得正確答案應該選D。逗號前是一個條件句，逗號后面應該要有該狀語從句的主句，that在此代表前面的內容，作句子的主語?，F(xiàn)在請看下列幾道題：(1) If he is only interested in your books, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(2) If you want to go, _ is quite all right with me.A. thatB. whichC. and itD. so(3) When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(4) If you want a double room, _ will cost another $ 15.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(5) If you have the money, _ will be OK. A. thatB. whichC. and itD. so(6) Unless Im very much mistaken, _ is my watch you are wearing. A. asB. whichC. whatD. that它們的答案也應該選 that，而不應該選 which。5. There were a lot of people in the reading-room, most of _ with their heads bent down over their books.A. themB. whomC. thatD. which【分析】許多同學會根據句子中的逗號，想當然地認為這是考查非限制性定語從句，從而將答案誤選為 B。但事實上，逗號后面由于沒有謂語動詞，根本不是完整的句子，而是一個“代詞 + 動詞的過去分詞”的獨立主格結構，因此，正確答案應該選 A。6. Not far from the school there was a garden, _ owner seated in it playing chess with his grandson every afternoon.A. itsB. whoseC. whichD. that【分析】此題與上一題相似，許多同學會根據句子中的逗號，想當然地認為這是考查非限制性定語從句，whose 在定語從句中用作定語修飾其后面的名詞owner，從而將答案誤選為 B。從表面上看，似乎天衣無縫，但事實上，逗號后面由于沒有謂語動詞，根本不是完整的句子。盡管句子中優(yōu)兩個動詞(seated和playing)，然而它們并不是謂語動詞，而都是非謂語動詞，在句子中作定語，修飾說明名詞owner。因此，逗號后面是一個“代詞 + 動詞的過去分詞”的獨立主格結構，正確答案應該選 A?，F(xiàn)在請看下面兩個類似的句子：(1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ translated into foreign languages.A. itB. themC. whichD. that(2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A. itB. themC. whichD. that(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A. itB. themC. whichD. that第 (1) 題的答案應該選 B，而不能選 C。因為，句子中translated是非謂語動詞，不能充當句子的謂語，從而可確定逗號后面部分不是句子，故答案不能選C；第 (2) 題答案應該C，因為逗號后面部分由于有were translated作謂語，從而使后面部分構成定語從句來說明novels的情況；第 (3) 題的答案應該選 B，因為逗號后面雖然有 were translated，但是還有連詞 and，從而使前后兩個句子成為并列句，而不是主從復合句，故答案應該選C。從上面可以看出：在給句子選擇答案時，不僅要注意標符號，同時，也還要注意句子的結構。7. It is his dog, according to Li Lei, _ saved him from the trap.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. what【分析】許多同學會認為這是考查定語從句，先行詞是 his dog 或 Li Lei，于是將答案誤選為A、B，其實，這是一個強調句型，是對主語his dog 進行強調，因此，正確答案應該選 C。8. The children are having a good time, _ with sand, others with toys.A. some of them playing B. who playing C. some of whom are playing D. some of them【分析】許多同學會受第1個逗號的影響，以為是非限制性定語從句，將答案誤選為C。其實空格部分應與others with toys 并行，同為獨立主格結構。句意為：孩子們玩得很痛快，有的玩沙子，有的玩玩具。故答案選 A