非謂語動(dòng)詞 學(xué)案

非謂語動(dòng)詞一、非謂語動(dòng)詞的句法功能名稱語 法 功 能主語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語表語定語狀語不定式動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞二、非謂語動(dòng)詞的解題總方法與思路1.先看四個(gè)答案：如果四個(gè)答案分別為動(dòng)詞原形、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等情況，那么這個(gè)題多半是非謂語動(dòng)詞題。2.看符號(hào)：中間有個(gè)逗號(hào)，末尾有個(gè)句號(hào)（有時(shí)中間沒有逗號(hào)）。3.看有沒有連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）：如果用逗號(hào)隔開的兩個(gè)部分都沒有連接詞的話，一部分是句子時(shí)，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。4.定語態(tài)：如果本句的主語（或動(dòng)詞自帶的邏輯主語）與它是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，那么答案一般用V-ing形式；如果本句的主語（或動(dòng)詞自帶的邏輯主語）與它是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系（被動(dòng)關(guān)系），那么答案一般用V-ed形式。5.定時(shí)態(tài)：如果非謂語的動(dòng)作比謂語先（或先很久）發(fā)生，那么非謂語動(dòng)詞要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ having been done），否則要用非謂語的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。1. _ for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.A. Being scolded B. Having been scolded C. To be scolded D. Scolding三、非謂語動(dòng)詞可能出現(xiàn)的考查點(diǎn)及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)（一）使用非謂動(dòng)詞的語言結(jié)構(gòu)1）在“句子, and/or/but +句子” 的并列句結(jié)構(gòu)中，可能會(huì)考查“以動(dòng)詞原形開頭”的祈使句，四個(gè)答案表面上象非謂語，其實(shí)考查的是謂語。2. _ hard and you will succeed in the exam.3. _ hard or you will fail in the exam.A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studied2）在“句子，非句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中，非句子部分用非謂語。4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, _ most of his students successful in study.A. make B. to make C. making D. made3）在“非句子，句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中，非句子部分用非謂語。5. _ with children, I know what is needed most.A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. To work4）在“with + 賓語+ 賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補(bǔ)足語可能用非謂語動(dòng)詞。6. With her baby _ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich mans house.A. sleep B. slept C. to sleep D. sleeping7. With his hair _ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.A. cut B. to be cut C. cutting D. to cut5）在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear等使讓動(dòng)詞或感觀動(dòng)詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，也可能用非謂語動(dòng)詞。8. He made his sister _ by taking away her toy.9. His sister was made _ by his taking away her toy.A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried10. The policeman found the thief _ his hand into an old mans pocket and arrested him.A. put B. putting C. to put D. being put（二）非謂語動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1）表面上考分詞，實(shí)際上考形容詞的情況：11. _, he fell asleep quickly.A. Tire B. Tiring C. Tired D. To tire12. The man won a big prize, _ and _.A. surprised; happy B. surprising; happyC. surprised; pleasant D. surprising; pleased13. _ in thought of the problems, the man didnt realize his girlfriends coming in.A. Losing B. Lost C. To lose D. Having lost14. The students _ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school.A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. To interest2）在“被動(dòng)形式表主動(dòng)”情況中出題：15. _ a white skirt, the girl looks like an angel.A. Worn B. wear C. dressed in D. dressing16. _ in an armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips.A. Sit B. Sat C. Seating D. Seated3）在“主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)”的情況中出題：17. _ tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. Looking18. With many problems _, the newly selected president will have a hard time.A. remain unsettled B. remaining unsettledC. remained unsettling D. remained unsettling19. Having some clothes _, I cannot join you to see the film.A. to wash B. to be washed C. washed D. washing20. _ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school.A. To write B. Writing C. being written D. Written4）從“主語一致或主語不一致”角度出題：逗號(hào)分開的前后兩部分有時(shí)邏輯主語一致，有時(shí)邏輯主語不一致。邏輯主語不一致時(shí)，非謂語動(dòng)詞一般要自帶邏輯主語，這種現(xiàn)象叫做“分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。”21. _ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man.A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw22. _, Ill go there with you tomorrow afternoon.A. Time permits B. If time permittingC. Time permitting D. Time's permitting（三）非謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)1）有些分詞有時(shí)可作分詞有時(shí)又可作形容詞。23. _ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave.24. _ with difficulties, we should not give in.A. To face B. Faced C. Facing D. face25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, _ to help solve the crisis.26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, _ at helping solve the crisis.A. aim B. aiming C. aimed D. to aim 27. Though _ money, his parents sent him to a key university.28. Though _ in money, his parents sent him to a key university.29. Though in _ of money, his parents sent him to a key university.A. lack B. lacking C. lacked D. to lack2）作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，doing與 (only) to do的區(qū)別。表示結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞（v-ing）表示意料之中的結(jié)果；而不定式（to do/ only to do）表示意料之外的結(jié)果.30. His parents were killed in the accident, (thus ) _ him an orphan.A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to leave31. I hurried to school, only _ that it was Sunday.A. find B. finding C. found D. to find3）作主語時(shí)，非謂語動(dòng)詞之to do與doing 的區(qū)別。32. _ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk4）演變成了介詞或連詞的分詞。英語中有些詞表面上看是分詞，但實(shí)際上已經(jīng)變成了介詞，因此應(yīng)該用ing形式還是分詞ed形式已經(jīng)變得約定俗成了。這時(shí)往往不適用非謂動(dòng)詞規(guī)則，而是看英美人士的習(xí)慣。33. _her age, she looks quite young.A. Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering5） 有些非謂語動(dòng)詞是省略而來的，有些則不是。34. _ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. A. Be scolded B. Scolded C. Scolding D. To scold35. _ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less.A. Studying B. Having studied C. Having been studied D. To study6）“連詞+分詞”和“介詞+動(dòng)名詞”的區(qū)別。36. If _ (give) another hour, I would have finished it better.37. While _ (do) homework, the boy likes listening to light music.38. After _ (graduate), he found a job as a secretary in a company.