《被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)詳解》PPT課件.ppt

When How What 定義 :表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者 . 當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)的形式是 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。 When How What When do we use the passive voice? Many houses will be built here. 1. 不知道或沒(méi)必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English. 2. 出于禮貌 , 不愿意說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 When How What We keep food in the fridge. S V. O. Food How to change into the passive voice sentence is kept (by us) in the fridge. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 ： 1.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 賓語(yǔ) 提到前面作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 主語(yǔ) ; 2.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 動(dòng)詞 變成“ be + 過(guò)去分詞 ” ; 3.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 主語(yǔ) 變?yōu)榻樵~ by的 賓語(yǔ) ,可省略 。 They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made by them. They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing. Football is played by them on Sunday. The homework is done by Lucy in the evening. Computers are often used by them in class. These machines are made in Beijing. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： S+ am/is /are +done 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) They make TV sets in that factory . TV sets are made by themin that factory. The man _ (call) “ Good husband” . is called Please fill in the blanks according to the words in the bracket. Football by people all over the world. is played They bought ten computers last term 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： S+was/were +done 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Ten computers were bought by them last term. 1. Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 2. Tom closed the shop just now. The shop by Tom just now. The telephone by Bell in 1876. Finish the sentences was invented was closed They will finish the work in ten days. 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ： S+ will/shall+be+done 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The work will be finished by them in ten days. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) : S+be going to +be +done We are going to learn the words. The words are going to be learned by us. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) a talk, will give , soon A talk will be given soon. The flowers are going to be watered tomorrow. 根據(jù)圖片和提示詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)寫句子。 the flowers, are going to water , tomorrow. We have finished five English books up to now 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： S+ have/has + been+過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Five English books have been finished by us up to now Hamburgers have been eaten up . eat up, they, hamburgers, 根據(jù)圖片和提示詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)寫句子。 My heart _ already _ (steal)by you. has been stolen Some workers are painting the rooms now 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： S+ am/is/are + being +done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The rooms are being painted by some workers now. The pet dog _ (treat) by a vet. is being treated 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： S+ was/were+ being +done 過(guò)去 進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. Gina can take good care of Tina 帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： S+ can/may/must/should + be+done 帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Tina can be taken good care of by Gina. Songs can be sung by the birds. can carry, the basket, he. The basket can be carried by him. songs, can sing, birds make sentences. be + done am/is/are 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) was/were 一般過(guò)去時(shí) was/were+being 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are + being 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) be + done have/has + been 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) had+been 過(guò)去完成時(shí) would+be 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) will +be be going to be 一般將來(lái)時(shí) can/must/should+be 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 表格：被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu) 時(shí)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) am/is/are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done shall/will be done be going to be done would be done have/has been done had been done 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的特殊情況 1.不及物動(dòng)詞帶介詞和介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí) ， 在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ) 態(tài)時(shí) ， 仍然要帶上介詞 。 (動(dòng)詞后的介詞不可省 ） The students listen to the teacher carefully in class. 被動(dòng)句： The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class. 2.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) (有賓補(bǔ) ), 并且賓補(bǔ)是省去 “ to”的 動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí) ， 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中應(yīng)加上 “ to”。 （ 即：主 動(dòng)省 to， 被動(dòng)加上 to。 ） They make us do all the work. 被動(dòng)句： We are made to do all the work by them. We often hear her sing songs. 被動(dòng)句： She is often heard to sing songs by us.（ 常見(jiàn)詞有： make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等 。 ) 注意： 3.一般在下列動(dòng)詞后 ， 常在間接賓語(yǔ)前用介 詞 to， 如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等 。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列動(dòng)詞后 ， 間接賓語(yǔ)前用介詞 for, 如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等 。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 4. 當(dāng)主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)是 nobody, no one等含有否定意 義的不定代詞時(shí) ， 被動(dòng)句中將其變?yōu)?anybody, 作 by的賓語(yǔ) ， 并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ǖ谋粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。 如： Nobody can answer this question. 誤： The question can be answered by nobody. 正： The question can not be answered by anybody. 5. 當(dāng)否定句中的賓語(yǔ)是 anything, anybody, anyone等不定代詞時(shí) ， 在被動(dòng)句中應(yīng)將其分 別變?yōu)?nothing, nobody, no one作主語(yǔ) ， 并將 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榭隙ǖ谋粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。 如： They havent done anything to make the river clean. 誤： Anything hasnt been done to make the river clean. 正： Nothing has been done to make the river clean. 6. 有些動(dòng)詞既是及物又是不及物 ， 當(dāng)它們和 well, badly, easily等副詞連用時(shí) ， 表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能 ， 是不及 物動(dòng)詞 ， 用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng) ， 這時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ， 常見(jiàn)的有： write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等 。 如： (1)The cloth washes easily. 這布很好洗 。 (2)The new product sells well. 這新產(chǎn)品很暢銷 。 對(duì)比： The books sell well. (主動(dòng)句 ) The books were sold out. (被動(dòng)句 ) The meat didnt cook well. (主動(dòng)句 ) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被動(dòng)句 ) 6. 下列情況主動(dòng)句不能改為被動(dòng)句： 第一 ， 感官系動(dòng)詞一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 ， 如： feel， look, seem, taste, sound, remain等 。 (1) Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 誤： It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 誤： The food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 誤： The pop music is sounded beautiful. 第二 ， 謂語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞 leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等 。 如： He entered the room and got his book. 誤： The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 誤： Her hand was had burned. 7. 在漢語(yǔ)中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)，在英語(yǔ)中一般可 用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，例如： 據(jù)說(shuō) It is said that 據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo) It is reported that 據(jù)推測(cè) It is supposed that 希望 It is hoped that 眾所周知 It is well known that 普遍認(rèn)為 It is generally considered that 有人建議 It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given. 1. I _ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday. 2. English _ (find) very useful. 3. The work _ (finish) tomorrow. 4. The flowers _ (water) by them now. was given is found will be finished are being watered 5. The railway _ (build) this time last year. 6. The new lab _ already _ (build) 7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year. 8. He told me the sports meeting _ (hold) the next month. 9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of the States. was being built has been built had been built would be held is grown 10.The song often (sing) by the young man. 11. The window (break) by a little boy yesterday. 12. Its a rule in our school that the classroom should (clean) every day. is sung was broken be cleaned sing-sang-sung Last Tuesday, Tom received a letter from the police . In the letter， he (ask) to go the police station. He didnt know why he was wanted by the police. At the station , he (tell) by a smiling man that his bicycle (find) . The policeman told him that his bicycle (pick) up in a small village 400miles away. was asked was told had been found had been picked Now it (send)to his home by train.Tom felt amused, because he never thought that the bicycle could _(find).It (steal) 20 years ago,when he was only a boy of 15. is being sent be found was stolen When How What conclusion