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1、When How What 定義 :表示主語是動作的承受者 . 當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時， 謂語的形式是 主動語態(tài) 。 When How What When do we use the passive voice? Many houses will be built here. 1. 不知道或沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者。 The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English. 2. 出于禮貌 , 不愿意說出動作的執(zhí)行者。 When How What We keep food in the
2、 fridge. S V. O. Food How to change into the passive voice sentence is kept (by us) in the fridge. 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法 ： 1.把主動語態(tài)的 賓語 提到前面作被動語態(tài)的 主語 ; 2.把主動語態(tài)的 動詞 變成“ be + 過去分詞 ” ; 3.把主動語態(tài)的 主語 變?yōu)榻樵~ by的 賓語 ,可省略 。 They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made by them. They play football on Sunday. Lucy does
3、the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing. Football is played by them on Sunday. The homework is done by Lucy in the evening. Computers are often used by them in class. These machines are made in Beijing. 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)： S+ am/is /are +done 一般現(xiàn)在時的被
4、動語態(tài) They make TV sets in that factory . TV sets are made by themin that factory. The man _ (call) “ Good husband” . is called Please fill in the blanks according to the words in the bracket. Football by people all over the world. is played They bought ten computers last term 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)： S+was/were +
5、done 一般過去時的被動語態(tài) Ten computers were bought by them last term. 1. Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 2. Tom closed the shop just now. The shop by Tom just now. The telephone by Bell in 1876. Finish the sentences was invented was closed They will finish the work in ten days. 一般將來時 的被動語態(tài) ： S+ will/sha
6、ll+be+done 一般將來時的被動語態(tài) The work will be finished by them in ten days. 一般將來時的被動語態(tài) : S+be going to +be +done We are going to learn the words. The words are going to be learned by us. 一般將來時的被動語態(tài) a talk, will give , soon A talk will be given soon. The flowers are going to be watered tomorrow. 根據圖片和提示詞用被動
7、語態(tài)寫句子。 the flowers, are going to water , tomorrow. We have finished five English books up to now 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài) Five English books have been finished by us up to now Hamburgers have been eaten up . eat up, they, hamburgers, 根據圖片和提示詞用被動語態(tài)寫句子。 My heart _ already _ (stea
8、l)by you. has been stolen Some workers are painting the rooms now 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)： S+ am/is/are + being +done 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài) The rooms are being painted by some workers now. The pet dog _ (treat) by a vet. is being treated 過去進行時的被動語態(tài)： S+ was/were+ being +done 過去 進行時的被動語態(tài) I was doing my homework at 8:00 last
9、night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. Gina can take good care of Tina 帶有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： S+ can/may/must/should + be+done 帶有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) Tina can be taken good care of by Gina. Songs can be sung by the birds. can carry, the basket, he. The basket can be carried by him. songs, can sing,
10、 birds make sentences. be + done am/is/are 一般現(xiàn)在時 was/were 一般過去時 was/were+being 過去進行時 am/is/are + being 現(xiàn)在進行時 be + done have/has + been 現(xiàn)在完成時 had+been 過去完成時 would+be 過去將來時 will +be be going to be 一般將來時 can/must/should+be 情態(tài)動詞 表格：被動態(tài)基本結構 時態(tài) 被動語態(tài)結構 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時 一般將來時 過去將來時 現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時 am/is/
11、are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done shall/will be done be going to be done would be done have/has been done had been done 被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況 1.不及物動詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時 ， 在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z 態(tài)時 ， 仍然要帶上介詞 。 (動詞后的介詞不可省 ） The students listen to the teacher carefully in class. 被動句： The teacher is listened t
12、o carefully by the students in class. 2.當動詞帶有復合賓語 (有賓補 ), 并且賓補是省去 “ to”的 動詞不定式時 ， 在被動語態(tài)中應加上 “ to”。 （ 即：主 動省 to， 被動加上 to。 ） They make us do all the work. 被動句： We are made to do all the work by them. We often hear her sing songs. 被動句： She is often heard to sing songs by us.（ 常見詞有： make, see, hear, fee
13、l, watch, notice 等 。 ) 注意： 3.一般在下列動詞后 ， 常在間接賓語前用介 詞 to， 如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等 。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列動詞后 ， 間接賓語前用介詞 for, 如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get,
14、keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等 。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 4. 當主動句的主語是 nobody, no one等含有否定意 義的不定代詞時 ， 被動句中將其變?yōu)?anybody, 作 by的賓語 ， 并將謂語動詞變?yōu)榉穸ǖ谋粍诱Z態(tài) 。 如： Nobody can answer this question. 誤： The question can be answ
15、ered by nobody. 正： The question can not be answered by anybody. 5. 當否定句中的賓語是 anything, anybody, anyone等不定代詞時 ， 在被動句中應將其分 別變?yōu)?nothing, nobody, no one作主語 ， 并將 謂語動詞變?yōu)榭隙ǖ谋粍诱Z態(tài) 。 如： They havent done anything to make the river clean. 誤： Anything hasnt been done to make the river clean. 正： Nothing has been
16、done to make the river clean. 6. 有些動詞既是及物又是不及物 ， 當它們和 well, badly, easily等副詞連用時 ， 表示主語內在品質或性能 ， 是不及 物動詞 ， 用主動表示被動 ， 這時不用被動語態(tài) ， 常見的有： write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等 。 如： (1)The cloth washes easily. 這布很好洗 。 (2)The new product sells well. 這新產品很暢銷 。 對比： The books sell well. (主動句 ) The books were
17、 sold out. (被動句 ) The meat didnt cook well. (主動句 ) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被動句 ) 6. 下列情況主動句不能改為被動句： 第一 ， 感官系動詞一般用主動形式表示被動意義 ， 如： feel， look, seem, taste, sound, remain等 。 (1) Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 誤： It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 誤： Th
18、e food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 誤： The pop music is sounded beautiful. 第二 ， 謂語是及物動詞 leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等 。 如： He entered the room and got his book. 誤： The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 誤： Her hand was ha
19、d burned. 7. 在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可 用被動結構來表示，例如： 據說 It is said that 據報導 It is reported that 據推測 It is supposed that 希望 It is hoped that 眾所周知 It is well known that 普遍認為 It is generally considered that 有人建議 It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known
20、that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given. 1. I _ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday. 2. English _ (find) very useful. 3. The work _ (finish) tomorrow. 4. The flowers _ (water) by them now. was given is found will be finished
21、are being watered 5. The railway _ (build) this time last year. 6. The new lab _ already _ (build) 7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year. 8. He told me the sports meeting _ (hold) the next month. 9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of the States. was being built has been built had been buil
22、t would be held is grown 10.The song often (sing) by the young man. 11. The window (break) by a little boy yesterday. 12. Its a rule in our school that the classroom should (clean) every day. is sung was broken be cleaned sing-sang-sung Last Tuesday, Tom received a letter from the police . In the le
23、tter， he (ask) to go the police station. He didnt know why he was wanted by the police. At the station , he (tell) by a smiling man that his bicycle (find) . The policeman told him that his bicycle (pick) up in a small village 400miles away. was asked was told had been found had been picked Now it (send)to his home by train.Tom felt amused, because he never thought that the bicycle could _(find).It (steal) 20 years ago,when he was only a boy of 15. is being sent be found was stolen When How What conclusion
《被動語態(tài)詳解》PPT課件.ppt
