期末復(fù)習(xí)U1-10知識(shí)梳理.ppt

八年級(jí)下期末復(fù)習(xí) 知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理 編者： Sherman Yale U1-1 一般將來(lái)時(shí)（ will / shall, be going to） 【 語(yǔ)法聚焦 】 一般將來(lái)時(shí)（現(xiàn)在看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 或存在的狀態(tài)） 【 結(jié)構(gòu) 】 1) shall / will + _ 2) be going to + _ 【 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 】 soon, some day, this evening, tomorrow, in five years等 【 知識(shí)梳理 】 _ pollution (fewer, less), _ trees / pollution (many, much, more) Will there _ (have, be) less pollution? No, there wont. There will be more pollution. What do you think life will be like in 100 years? Every home will _ (have / be ) a robot. I dont know if he _(will come, comes) tomorrow. If he_ (will come, comes) tomorrow, I will let you know. U1-2 一般將來(lái)時(shí)（ will / shall, be going to） 【 重點(diǎn)句型 】 Will there be less pollution? No, there wont. There will be more pollution. What do you think life will be like in 100 years? Every home will have a robot. What do you think Sally will be in five years? I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. I dont know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes tomorrow, I will let you know. There were many famous predictions that never came true. Before 1929, there was no sound in movies. The head of one of the biggest movie companies in the United States predicted that no one would want those actors talk. We never know what will happen in the future. Predicting the future can be difficult. U2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could, should 【 語(yǔ)法聚焦 】 could（ can的過(guò)去式）： 1）表示 “許可”、“請(qǐng) 求”，用 could 比 can更委婉（常用于疑問(wèn)句）。 2） 給出建議（陳述句） should：表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)，或給出建議。 【 知識(shí)梳理 】 Whats wrong? My clothes are out of style. What _ I do? You _ write him a letter. Maybe he _ say hes sorry. - _ I use your bike? -Yes, you can. U3 過(guò)去進(jìn)行 時(shí)（ was / were doing ） 【 語(yǔ)法聚焦 】 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) （過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或者某段時(shí) 間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ,常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 連用） 【 結(jié)構(gòu) 】 was / were _ 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ： this time yesterday / last night, at 9 oclock this morning, when I came back, at that time / moment 【 知識(shí)梳理 】 The boy _(walked, was walking) down the street _ (while, when) the UFO landed. He _ (watched, was watching) TV _(while, when) I his wife _ (read, was reading ) a newspaper. land, get out of, in front of, follow, surprised, amazing, kid, anywhere, happen, accident, hear about, in silence, asas, take place, ask sb (not) to do sth., in space, all over the world. U4 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) 【 語(yǔ)法聚焦 】 直接引語(yǔ) （直接引述別人的原話，一般前后加 _。） 間接引語(yǔ) （用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成 _從句，無(wú)引號(hào)。） 【 知識(shí)梳理 】 直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)一律用 _語(yǔ)序 ,如 : He asked me where _ (do I, I, did I,) lived. 直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)有變化。 如果主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，或間接引語(yǔ)為真理 /自然現(xiàn)象，那么 間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)不變。 He said the earth _ (goes, went) around the sun. 陳述句間接引語(yǔ)由 that （可省略）引導(dǎo)；一般疑問(wèn)句的間接引 語(yǔ)由 _引導(dǎo)；特殊問(wèn)句間接引語(yǔ)由 _引導(dǎo)； 祈使句間接引語(yǔ)用 _ / _/ _ sb. to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)。 ask tell order 【 結(jié)構(gòu) 】 1）陳述句的間接引語(yǔ)： He said (that). 2）一般疑問(wèn)句的間接引語(yǔ)： He asked if / whether. 3）特殊疑問(wèn)句的間接引語(yǔ)： He asked where / when / why . 4）祈使句的間接引語(yǔ)： He told / asked / ordered me to do. Direct speech I am mad at Marcia. He said to me, “I will call you tomorrow.” Do you get up early every day?”. Turn off the light when you leave Dont forget to close the door, please. Reported speech She said _ _ mad at Marcia. He _ me he _ call _ tomorrow / the next day. He asked me _ _ got up early every day. She _ me _ turn off the light when _ left. He asked me _ to forget to close the door. Unit 4 U5 if 引導(dǎo)的 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 【 語(yǔ)法聚焦 】 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句 【 結(jié)構(gòu) 】 主將從現(xiàn)（主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)， if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， if從句可以放在主句前也可以放在主句后） 條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常由連詞 if 引導(dǎo) , 意為“如果、假如” , 主 句不能用 be going to表示將來(lái) , 而應(yīng)該用 shall、 will。 If you leave now, you _（ are never going to / will） regret it. if “如果” , 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 , 主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，記住 “主將從現(xiàn)”， 從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，如： If it rains tomorrow, I shant climb the hills. 注意 : 賓語(yǔ)從句中的 if與條件狀語(yǔ)從句 if 的區(qū)別： 賓語(yǔ)從句中的 if “是否”相當(dāng)于 whether, 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 , 時(shí) 態(tài)需根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定。 I dont know if / whether he_ （ will come/comes） tomorrow. If he_ (comes / will come） tomorrow, I will call you up. U6 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 【 語(yǔ)法聚焦 】 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（ 動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或繼續(xù)延續(xù)下 去。） 【 結(jié)構(gòu) 】 have / has been + _ 【 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 】 for eight years, since 1980, since 32 years ago, since I was 24等 【 語(yǔ)法鞏固 】 How long have you _ skating? Ive been skating _ nice oclock. Ive been skating _ five years. When did you start skating? I started skating _ nice oclock. Unit 7-1 Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示建議和請(qǐng)求 【 語(yǔ)法聚焦 】 Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 表示建議和請(qǐng)求 【 結(jié)構(gòu) 】 would you mind + _? 區(qū)別； Would you please (not) do sth.? Could you (not) do sth.? 【 肯定回答表示介意或反對(duì) 】 Im sorry, but 或 Yes, youd better not. 【 否定回答表示同意 】 not at all, of course not, certainly not, no problem 等 【 重點(diǎn)詞匯 】 mind doing, turn down, right away, get out of, at a meeting, have to do sth., help sb. (to) do sth., no problem, give sb. sth., get annoyed, wait in line, in the future, try (not) to do sth., cut in line, follow sb., order food, half an hour ago, complain about, at first, break the rule, in public, even if, give suggestions, Unit 7-2 Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示建議和請(qǐng)求 要 點(diǎn) 梳 理 Would you mind (not) doing sth.? Could you please (not) do sth？ sure, of course, certainly, no problem 或 Im sorry I cant. Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so polite. try to do, try doing, try ones best to do sth This happens to me all the time in the school library. 物 /事 + happen to + 人 /物 “ 某人或某事發(fā)生了 事 ” If we see someone breaking the rules, we may politely give them some suggestions. (比較 see sb do) Unit 7-3 Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示建議和請(qǐng)求 【 重點(diǎn)句型 】 Would you mind turning down the music? Sorry, Ill do it right away. Would you mind not wearing those old jeans? Ok, Ill put on another pair. When I finish, could you help me with my homework? Sure. Your barber gave you a terrible haircut. The pen you bought didnt work. I get annoyed when someone talks to me while Im reading. I get annoyed when someone cuts in line. What annoys you? I ordered my food half an hour ago and it hasnt arrived yet. Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice down in public places. In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public if possible. U8 Give advice be busy with sth. 3. Look through: look after, look for, look up, look at 4. -It looks like rain, doesnt it？ -Yes, it does. “it” 表示天氣。 5. I hope so. : I hope not. I think so. I dont think so. 6. show: Please show your ticket. Thanks for showing the school. 7. get along; come along; ask sb. to do sth. 8. Do you think itll stop by noon? （賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序） 9. by noon (no later than; before) 10. Their prices are really low, arent they? 區(qū)別： expensive, high, low 11. alone, lonely 區(qū)別 He lives _, but he doesnt feel _. 12. cross, across, through, over The Yellow River winds its way from west to the east, _ valleys, _ the fields and _ the mountains until at last it reaches the sea. 13. enjoy, like, love enjoy sth / doing sth / ; like sth. / doing sth. / to do sth. ; love sth. / to do / doing enjoy oneself ; would like / love to do sth. 14. feel like sth. / doing 15. Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place. think / find / make it + adj. to do sth. 16. both, either, neither, none, all 17.The two cars are in poor condition, so my father didnt buy _ of the cars. 18._ of the two boys are my students, but they are not _ good students. 【 注意 】 notboth; not all; noteither （ = neither) ; notany (= none) U10-2 Its a nice day, isnt it? It looks like rain, doesnt it? Do you think it will stop by noon? Two people are looking through the books in a bookstore. Two people are waiting to cross a busy street. It isnt easy being the new kid at school. They are really friendly to me. I feel like part of the group now. Thanks for the tickets for next weeks game. I am really happy to have the tickets. I was having a hard time finding it until you came along. Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place. Ill think of you as we watch the Black Socks win the game. U10-3 Important sentences