前驅(qū)轎車轉(zhuǎn)向系設(shè)計(jì)【只有CAD】
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哈工大華德學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)評(píng)語(yǔ)
姓名: 鄭旭 學(xué)號(hào): 1079312224 專業(yè): 交通運(yùn)輸(汽車運(yùn)用工程)
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)題目: 前驅(qū)轎車轉(zhuǎn)向系設(shè)計(jì)
工作起止日期: 2010 年 10月 11 日起 2010 年 12 月 29 日止
指導(dǎo)教師對(duì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)進(jìn)行情況,完成質(zhì)量及評(píng)分意見(jiàn):
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根據(jù)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)的材料和學(xué)生的答辯情況,答辯委員會(huì)作出如下評(píng)定:
學(xué)生 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)答辯成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定為:
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答辯委員會(huì)主任(簽字) 職稱:
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答辯委員會(huì)委員(簽字):
年 月 日
哈工大華德學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)任務(wù)書
姓名:鄭旭 院(系):汽車工程系
專業(yè): 汽車運(yùn)用工程 班 號(hào):0793122
任務(wù)起止日期:2010 年10月 11 日至2010 年 12 月 29 日
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)題目:
前驅(qū)轎車轉(zhuǎn)向系設(shè)計(jì)
立題的目的和意義:
轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)是汽車底盤的重要組成部分,轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)性能的好壞直接影響到汽車行駛的安全性、操縱穩(wěn)定性和駕駛舒適性,它對(duì)于確保車輛的行駛安全、減少交通事故以及保護(hù)駕駛員的人身安全、改善駕駛員的工作條件起著重要作用。隨著現(xiàn)代汽車技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,汽車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)已從純機(jī)械式轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)、液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系(HPS)、電控液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)(EHPS),發(fā)展到利用現(xiàn)代電子和控制技術(shù)的電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)(EPS)及線控轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)(SBW)。
技術(shù)要求與主要內(nèi)容:
技術(shù)要求:基本參數(shù)
車體結(jié)構(gòu):承載式
風(fēng)阻系數(shù):0.34
整備質(zhì)量 (kg):1255
驅(qū)動(dòng)方式:前置前驅(qū)
滿載質(zhì)量 (kg):1545
動(dòng)力助力轉(zhuǎn)向:標(biāo)配
最大功率 (kw/rpm):68/5600
后備箱容積 (L):660
軸距 (mm):2750
最高時(shí)速 (km/h):175
助力轉(zhuǎn)向方式:齒輪齒條式
最小轉(zhuǎn)向半徑 (m):6.9
最小離地間隙 (mm):137
助力轉(zhuǎn)向:標(biāo)配
百公里加速時(shí)間(s):18.2
發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排氣量 (cc):1595
扭矩 (Nm/rpm):140/3500
懸掛系統(tǒng):前懸掛:麥弗遜獨(dú)立懸架?后懸掛:?jiǎn)慰v臂扭轉(zhuǎn)梁式非獨(dú)立懸架
長(zhǎng)∕寬∕高 (mm) :4428*1660*1415
主要內(nèi)容: 1、 轉(zhuǎn)向系的結(jié)構(gòu)分析
2、 轉(zhuǎn)向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)
3、 轉(zhuǎn)向操作機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)
4、 轉(zhuǎn)向器設(shè)計(jì)
5、 CAD繪制裝配圖、零件圖完成設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書
進(jìn)度安排:
第1~2周:選題,進(jìn)行調(diào)研,收集資料,完成開題報(bào)告。
第3~4周:確定總體方案,完成總體和詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算任務(wù)。
第5~6周:進(jìn)行總體設(shè)計(jì),完成一張總裝圖。
第7~8周:進(jìn)行詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì),完成部件裝配圖和必要的零件圖。
第9~10周:完成設(shè)計(jì)修改,進(jìn)行分析;整理完成設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書。
第11周:解題,完成圖紙和說(shuō)明書錯(cuò)誤修改,打印提交正式稿。
同組設(shè)計(jì)者及分工:
指導(dǎo)教師簽字
年 月 日
系(教研室)主任意見(jiàn):
系(教研室)主任簽字
年 月 日
哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)華德應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)
題 目前驅(qū)轎車轉(zhuǎn)向系設(shè)計(jì)
專 業(yè) 汽車運(yùn)用工程
學(xué) 號(hào) 1079312224
學(xué) 生 鄭旭
指導(dǎo)教師 樊久銘
答辯日期 2010年12月29日
哈工大華德學(xué)院
附 錄
General electric steering development at home and abroad
Since the 1980s abroad in bus vigorously develop electric steering (EPS), has made considerable achievements in light, small cars, van widely used car, and every year with 300 million speed. With the plough in 2000 changhe automobile electric steering gear, van car installation in China's automobile redirector uncovers a new page in history. Due to its advantages of the steering clearly, is well received by customers welcome. First assembly of 200 electric steering trial car were soon snapped up. This years are increased production of installed electric steering car this year will reach SanWanLiuQianTai. Because the first domestic cars in the plough installed electric steering, drive the domestic electric steering develop these. To now had 10 colleges and 10 state-owned and private enterprises developing project or alone is expected to every year this product in China with 10 to 20 million speed development. Because of various aspects of electric to the study of investment, this product has come close to success, there have been some goods start loading test. In the auto electric steering product development embodies the characteristics of China's market economy competition, some colleges and enterprises, state, combine together, the private enterprise to battle the result of competition all aspects of accelerated development progress.
Electric steering so called "precise steering", which is in automotive steering process, the steering gear according to different speeds, steering wheel rotation and screw accurate offers all kinds of driving the best conditions, this is steering in computer (ECU) control to realize. Electric steering gear is under computer control of electric current implementation of the size of the change control, the realization of different steering. So it can accurately realize people at different speeds, predefined turning Angle need different steering.
The development of the electric steering is mainly for hydraulic steering solve pure the biggest problem, a high speed FaPiao steering wheel, which is a big problem for the vehicle steering stability. Hydraulic steering although solved the vehicle steering light sexual problems, but a high speed, steering wheel is too light it caused a pilot FaPiao feeling. New steering pump although can achieve high speed steering pump flow can be decreased, but a high speed does not guarantee the engines driving in high speed rotating pump also working conditions. So can't completely solve the problem FaPiao car at high speed. Electric steering system can control power motors, reduce a high speed increases to hand power steering, FaPiao problems and solve high-speed, and relatively low cost. But because of the motor power, torque and size limit, so many small cars and van for light car. With the new electric steering structure research and development, the future will gradually extended to senior cars and trucks. Due to the existing outfit electric steering gear market, future potential market also relatively broad; The steering gear with low cost and popular by auto makers will.
國(guó)內(nèi)外電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向發(fā)展概況
國(guó)外20 世紀(jì)80 年代以來(lái)在汽車上大力發(fā)展電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向(EPS),已經(jīng)取得相當(dāng)大的成果,在輕微型轎車、廂式車上得到廣泛的應(yīng)用,并且每年以300 萬(wàn)臺(tái)的速度發(fā)展。隨著2000 年昌河汽車之北斗星廂式車安裝電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向器,掀開我國(guó)汽車轉(zhuǎn)向器歷史上新的一頁(yè)。由于它在轉(zhuǎn)向方面明顯的優(yōu)越性,很受廣大客戶歡迎。最初組裝的200 臺(tái)電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向試銷車很快被搶購(gòu)一空。這幾年正逐年增加安裝電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向汽車的產(chǎn)量,今年將達(dá)到三萬(wàn)六千臺(tái)。正是由于北斗星汽車在國(guó)內(nèi)首裝電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向,帶動(dòng)了國(guó)內(nèi)電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向開發(fā)熱。到現(xiàn)在已有10 家大專院校和10 家國(guó)營(yíng)和民營(yíng)企業(yè)立項(xiàng)或獨(dú)自開發(fā)該種產(chǎn)品,預(yù)計(jì)我國(guó)每年會(huì)以10-20 萬(wàn)臺(tái)速度發(fā)展。正是由于各方面電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向研究的大量投入,該產(chǎn)品已接近成功,已有一部分產(chǎn)品開始裝車調(diào)試。在汽車電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)中充分體現(xiàn)了我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的特點(diǎn),一些大專院校和企業(yè)相結(jié)合,國(guó)營(yíng)、民營(yíng)企業(yè)齊上陣,這種各方面競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果加快了開發(fā)的進(jìn)度。
電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向所以稱之為“精確轉(zhuǎn)向”,就是在汽車轉(zhuǎn)向過(guò)程中,該轉(zhuǎn)向器根據(jù)不同車速、方向盤轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的快慢,準(zhǔn)確的提供各種行駛路況下的最佳轉(zhuǎn)向助力,這是在計(jì)算機(jī)(ECU)控制下實(shí)現(xiàn)的。電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向器是在計(jì)算機(jī)控制下實(shí)施對(duì)電機(jī)電流大小的變化控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)不同的轉(zhuǎn)向助力。所以它能精確的實(shí)現(xiàn)人們預(yù)先設(shè)置在不同車速、不同轉(zhuǎn)彎角度所需要的轉(zhuǎn)向助力。
電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向的發(fā)展主要是針對(duì)解決純液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向的最大難題,高速行駛時(shí)方向盤發(fā)飄,這是汽車操縱穩(wěn)定性的一大課題。液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向雖然解決了汽車轉(zhuǎn)向輕便性問(wèn)題,但高速行駛時(shí)方向盤太輕,就造成了駕駛員發(fā)飄的感覺(jué)。新型轉(zhuǎn)向油泵雖然可以作到高速轉(zhuǎn)向時(shí)油泵流量可以下降,但高速行駛時(shí)并不保證發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)下的油泵亦處于高速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)工況。因此不能徹底解決汽車高速行駛發(fā)飄的問(wèn)題。電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)可通過(guò)控制助力電機(jī),降低高速行駛時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)向助力,增大轉(zhuǎn)向手力,解決高速發(fā)飄問(wèn)題,而且成本相對(duì)較低。但由于電機(jī)的功率、扭矩及尺寸的限制,故多用于輕微型轎車和廂式車。隨著新的電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向結(jié)構(gòu)研發(fā),未來(lái)將逐步推廣到中高級(jí)轎車和卡車上。由于目前已有裝電動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向器的市場(chǎng),未來(lái)潛在的市場(chǎng)也較廣大;該種轉(zhuǎn)向器成本較低,必將受到汽車廠家的歡迎。
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