2019-2020年高考英語 基礎知識練習 冠詞的講解與訓練.doc

2019-2020年高考英語 基礎知識練習 冠詞的講解與訓練冠詞 知識要點 冠詞是虛詞，放在名詞之前，用來說明名詞所指的人或事，一般沒有句子重音。冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an），定冠詞（the）和零冠詞。 疑難突破1. 不定冠詞a/an的用法：1指一類人或事，相當于a kind ofA car is a machine that can run fast.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A man is waiting for Tom.3表示“每一”相當于every，oneWe work nine hours a day.4表示“相同”相當于the sameThey are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不認識此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事A Mr. Mike came to see him when you were at school.That writer is rather a Lu Xun.6用于固定詞組中a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so(as, too, how)+形容詞之后John is as clever a boy as you can wish to meet.9用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“一個人（或物）。但是用an或是a，不是有后面的詞的首字母是否是原音決定的，而是由首字母的發(fā)音是否是原音決定的。At an early age, she began to like it.在早年，她就開始喜歡它。Its a used tool, so it is smooth.那是一件被用過了的工具，所以很光滑。There is an hour left.還剩一小時。2. 定冠the詞的用法：1表示某一類人或物The dog is a useful animal.2用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人the poor, the dead, the green3用于樂器前面play the violin, play the guitar 4表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事Would you mind my opening the door?5用于世上獨一無二的事物名詞前the earth, the sun, the Pacific Ocean6表示“一家人”或“夫婦”the Smith, the Hongs7用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級前He is the shorter of the two boys.8用于黨派、國家等以及江、河、湖、海及山川群島的名詞前the United States, the munist Party of China, the French9用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前The pass was invented in China.10用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞，及表示時間的詞組前He hit me on the shoulder.11用于表示單位的名詞前I hired the truck by the hour.12在逢十的復數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀的某個年代in the 1980s3.零冠詞的用法：1專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前Mike,Wuhan University, Jack, China, love, air2名詞前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示泛指的復數(shù)名詞前pens are useful tools.5學科，語言，球類，棋類名詞前He likes playing football/chess.6與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前by train, by air, by land7以and連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時writer and poest, knife and fork, day and night8 表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前Mary was made monitorof our class.注意： 高考一般偏重于考查冠詞的特指、泛指、零冠詞的用法及其加在形容詞前面表示一類人或事物等較多。 即學即練1.Wecanneverexpect_bluerskyunlesswecreate_lesspollutedworld.A.a;aB.a;the C.the;aD.the;the2.Thebiggestwhaleis_bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslongtheheightof_9-storybuilding.A.the;the B.a;a C.a;the D.the;a3.Somepeoplefearthat_airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_weatheraroundtheworld.A./;the B.the;/ C.an;the D.the;a4.Letsgotocinema-thatlltakeyourmindofftheproblemfor_while.A.the;the B.the;a C.a;the D.a;a5.Whatpitythatyoucouldntbetheretoreceive_prize! A.a;a B.the;a C.a;the D.the;the6.Inordertofind_betterjob,hedecidedtostudy_secondforeignlanguage.A.the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;the7.Idontunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butIvegot_roughideaof_projectplan. A.the;a B.不填;the C.the;不填 D.a;the8,WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewon_worldwideattentionandHaierhasbee_popularname. A.a;theB./;a C./;theD.the;a9.WhatIneedis_bookthatcontains_ABCofoilpainting.A.a;不填 B.the;不填 C.the;an D.a;the10.Lets go to _ cinema thatll take your mind off the problem for _while.A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a; a冠詞即學即練1. A。這兩空都是泛指。第一空泛指蔚藍的天空；第二空泛指沒有污染的世界。2.B。第一空泛指藍鯨，第二空泛指一幢九層的高樓。3.A?？疾楣谠~用法。Airpollution是抽象名詞這里是泛指，weather這里是特指全球的氣候，根據(jù)theweatheraroundtheworld可知。4.B?？疾楣谠~的用法。gotothecinema表示具體的某地，forawhile固定搭配，表示“一會兒”。6.B?？疾楣谠~的用法。該題的意思是：為了找到一個更好的工作，他決定再學習另外一門外語。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a+序數(shù)詞+名詞表示又一，再一。7.D。第一空是泛指，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用a，第二空是特指心目中所知道的項目計劃。8.B。第一空不可數(shù)名詞泛指，不用冠詞。第二空泛指一個受歡迎的名字用a。9.D。第一空是泛指一本書。第二空是特指油畫ABC。10.B?？疾楣谠~。go to the cinema屬于固定詞組“去電影院”；for a while表示短暫的時間，“一會兒”。句意：咱們?nèi)タ措娪鞍?，這樣就會暫時忘記這個煩惱。