賓語從句 (3)

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1、英 語 賓 語 從 句 【名題實(shí)戰(zhàn)】1.Can you tell me D？Yang Bo is ill.(2014，遼陽)A.how I can get to the zooB.what medicine I can takeC.if theres an airportD.where I can find a hospital2.Do you know A a battery for my camera？(2013，葫蘆島)A.where I can buy B.where I could buyC.which I can buy D.which I could buy3.Could you

2、 please tell me D？(2015，遼陽)Of course.Ill go to the library.A.what will you do B.how will you do itC.when you will go D.where you will go .Have you asked the teacher B tomorrow morning？(2014，蘭州)A.if we needed an umbrellaB.when and where we shall meetC.how shall we get thereD.what should we take5.I do

3、nt understand B such a silly question in class yesterday.(2015，廣州)A.why did John ask B.why John askedC.why is John asking D.why John asks【考點(diǎn)梳理】中考對賓語從句考查的重點(diǎn)是引導(dǎo)詞、時態(tài)和語序。 高頻考向一賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句是陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞用that，在口語中that可以省略。如：We believe(that)he is honest.我們相信他是誠實(shí)的。如果賓語從句由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換而來，其引導(dǎo)詞用if或whether。一般情況下，二者可以通用，但從

4、句中有or not或從句充當(dāng)介詞的賓語時，只能用whether。如：I dont know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否將來這兒。Sorry，I dont know whether he will come or not.對不起，我不知道他是否會來。賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，引導(dǎo)詞就是特殊疑問詞。如：Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告訴我郵局在哪里嗎？The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老師問學(xué)生他們正在做什么。 【例1】Co

5、uld you say it again？I cant understand you are talking about.A.how B.when C.what D.which解析：how和when在賓語從句中作狀語，而此處賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在賓語從句中作talk about的賓語，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；what“什么”，which“哪一個”，由句意“我無法理解你正在談?wù)撌裁础笨芍獞?yīng)選what。答案：C【例2】 Could you tell me he came here？He drove here himself.A.how B.why C.when D.whether解析：本題考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)

6、詞。how“怎樣”，why“為什么”；when“什么時候”；whether“是否”。由答語“他是自己開車來這兒的”可知問句為“你能告訴我他是怎樣來這兒的嗎？”。答案：A 高頻考向二賓語從句的時態(tài)賓語從句中的謂語動詞的時態(tài)是由主句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)來決定的，一般有下面幾種情況：主句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時或祈使句時，從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)要根據(jù)具體的情況用相應(yīng)的任何時態(tài)。如：He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他說他將叫胡先生給吉姆一些工作。主句的時態(tài)為過去時態(tài)時，從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)要用相應(yīng)的過去的某一時態(tài)。如：She said s

7、he missed us very much.她說她非常想念我們。從句表示的是客觀真理、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象時，從句的時態(tài)一律使用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他說太陽比地球大。 【例3】 The official said that they a new law to protect the tourists the next year.A.makes B.would makeC.made D.have made解析：主句的謂語動詞said是過去式，因此從句也應(yīng)用過去的某種時態(tài)，由時間狀語the next year可

8、知應(yīng)用過去將來時。答案：B【例4】 Can you tell me the prize，Tom？Last year.A.when you got B.when did you getC.when will you get D.when you will get解析：賓語從句的語序須是陳述句語序，排除B、C項(xiàng)；由答句last year可知從句的時態(tài)為一般過去時。答案：A 高頻考向三賓語從句的語序在含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，賓語從句要使用陳述語序，即“引導(dǎo)詞主語謂語其他”。如：I want to know when the train left.我想知道火車是什么時候離開的。注意：有些特殊疑問句本身

9、是陳述句語序。如：Whats wrong with？Which is the way to？What happened to you？Whats the matter/trouble？Who studies the hardest in your class？do you think后接賓語從句時，特殊疑問詞即引導(dǎo)詞要前置，do you think作為插入語。如：Who do you think he is talking with？你認(rèn)為他正在和誰交談？ 由do，does，did構(gòu)成的疑問句，在轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語從句時，要去掉do，does，did，且從句中的謂語動詞要根據(jù)主句時態(tài)作出相應(yīng)的變化。如

10、：“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.這個音樂老師想知道他唱得是否很好。如果是will，be，have，can組成的疑問句，在變?yōu)橘e語從句時，要把這些詞還原到句中原來的謂語位置上，并根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。如：“Will you be free tomorrow？”She asked me.She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她問我明天是否是空閑的。 【例5】 Hi

11、，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.Thanks.I wonder .A.who the letter was fromB.who was from the letterC.who was the letter fromD.who from the letter was解析：賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序，即be動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞都應(yīng)放在主語后，在此賓語從句中，主語是the letter，謂語was from應(yīng)放在主語后，故排除選項(xiàng)B和C；選項(xiàng)D將from置于主語前，是錯誤的。句意“嗨，布魯斯。這兒有你的一封信。”“謝謝。我想知道這封信是誰寄來的?！贝鸢福篈 【例6】 C

12、an you tell me this morning？Sorry，Ive no idea.A.why didnt Daming come to schoolB.why Daming didnt come to schoolC.why doesnt Daming come to schoolD.why Daming doesnt come to school解析：由this morning可知事情發(fā)生在過去，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序。答案：B 高頻考向四賓語從句的否定前移在賓語從句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞為think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等時

13、，如果主句為I或we時，從句中表示否定意義的not應(yīng)移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：I dont suppose he will come.我猜他不會來?！咀⒁狻咳绻骶渲髡Z不是I或we，則not不前移。如：She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她認(rèn)為她不能按時到那兒?！纠?】 翻譯：我認(rèn)為明天不會下雨。I_dont_think_it_will_rain_tomorrow. 高頻考向五賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且謂語動詞是hope，wish，decide等時，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為不定

14、式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次見到你。當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且謂語動詞是know，remember，forget，learn等時，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I dont know what I should say.I dont know what to say.我不知道該說什么。當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask，tell，show，teach等，且賓語從句的主語和主句的間接賓語一致時，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”或“疑問詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如： Mr.Hu tells us t

15、hat we shouldnt draw on the wall.Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老師告訴我們不應(yīng)該在墻上畫畫。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？請告訴我在哪兒能買到郵票？有些賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，常用動詞find，think，make。如：I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.I think it necessary

16、for us to learn to wait.I find she is a good girl.I find her a good girl.由what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句。如：We did what we could to help you.We did everything (that) we could to help you.Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did. 【例8】 將下列句子改為簡單句。The teacher told the boy he shouldnt

17、spend too much time playing games.解析：主句的謂語動詞是tell，賓語從句的主語是主句的間接賓語，故從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)：tell sb.not to do sth.。答案：The_teacher_told_the_boy_not_to_spend_too_much_time_playing_games. 1.I wonder C Kim Soohyun(金秀賢).I think he is really cool.(2015，鐵嶺)A.why you dont like B.where you have heard ofC.what you think o

18、f D.when you know about2.Sichuan food is hotter than Shanghainese food.Thats C.(2014，沈陽)A.what I like it B.what do I like itC.why I like it D.why do I like it3.The high school entrance exam will be over soon.Could you tell me B the summer holiday？(2014，盤錦)A.where are you going to spendB.how you are

19、going to spendC.where you were going to spendD.how you were going to spend 4.Do you still remember D，Tom？Last year.(2014，本溪)A.where Sheila wentB.how Sheila learned EnglishC.who helped SheilaD.when Sheila got the prize5.He asked me A at eight oclock yesterday.(2015，錦州)A.what I was doing B.what was I

20、doingC.what I did D.what did I do6.Could you please tell me D？I want to buy something to eat.(2014，營口)A.where will the shop openB.when will the shop openC.where the shop will openD.when the shop will open 7.Could you please tell me B？Over there，the man in blue.(2014，撫順)A.where we can learn EnglishB.

21、who our new English teacher isC.why we learn EnglishD.what well learn in English classes8.Mum，summer holiday is coming.I wonder B.How about Qinling Wild Zoo？(2014，陜西)A.where can we go B.where we can goC.how we can go D.how can we go 9.Could you tell me D？At 9：20 tomorrow morning.(2015，濟(jì)寧)A.what time you arrivedB.who you are coming withC.when will you be hereD.what time you are arriving10.Thats a nice toy.Could you tell me B？I made it with my uncles help.(2014，臺州)A.how did you make itB.how you made itC.who did you make it forD.who you made it for