測控技術(shù)與儀器 自動化 外文翻譯 外文文獻(xiàn) 英文文獻(xiàn)

《測控技術(shù)與儀器 自動化 外文翻譯 外文文獻(xiàn) 英文文獻(xiàn)》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《測控技術(shù)與儀器 自動化 外文翻譯 外文文獻(xiàn) 英文文獻(xiàn)（14頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、(用外文寫) 外文出處：資料1：Virtual instrument based on serial communication and data acquisition system of management . 資料2：LabVIEW serial communication based on Frequency Control Monitoring System 附 件： 資料1：1.翻譯譯文；2.外文原文。

2、 資料2：1.翻譯譯文；2.外文原文。 附件：資料1翻譯譯文 在自動化控制和智能儀器儀表中, 單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛, 由于單片機(jī)的運(yùn)算功能較差, 往往需要借助計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng), 因此單片機(jī)和 PC機(jī)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程通信更具有實(shí)際意義, 通信的關(guān)鍵在于互傳數(shù)據(jù)信息。51系列單片機(jī)內(nèi)部的串行口具有通信的功能,該串行口可以作為通信接口, 利用該串行口與 PC機(jī)的串行口 COM 1或 COM 2進(jìn)行串行通信, 將單片機(jī)采集的數(shù)據(jù)傳送到 PC機(jī)中, 由 PC機(jī)的高級語言或數(shù)據(jù)庫語言對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行整理及統(tǒng)計(jì)等復(fù)雜處理就能滿足實(shí)際的應(yīng)用需要。 軟件設(shè)計(jì)，初始化后，打開數(shù)據(jù)通道對上下游信號進(jìn)行采樣，并進(jìn)行

3、相關(guān)運(yùn)算，求峰值R~，對R.二是否峰值進(jìn)行判斷，以確保正確求出延時r，從而得出正確的流量。由于一次相關(guān)計(jì)算所需時間很短，因此，采用計(jì)數(shù)器控制。 PC機(jī)和單片機(jī)在進(jìn)行通信時, 首先分別對各自的串行口進(jìn)行初始化、 確定串行口工作方式、 設(shè)定波特率、 傳輸數(shù)據(jù)長度等, 然后才開始數(shù)據(jù)傳輸, 這些工作是由軟件來完成的, 因此對 PC機(jī)和單片機(jī)均需設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的通信軟件。DOS環(huán)境下, 串行通信一般用中斷方式來實(shí)現(xiàn),用戶對通信端口進(jìn)行完全控制。而在 W i ndow s環(huán)境下, 系統(tǒng)禁止應(yīng)用程序直接對硬件進(jìn)行操作。在W indows環(huán)境下提供了完備的 AP I應(yīng)用程序接口函數(shù), 程序員通過這些函數(shù)與通信硬

4、件接口。通信函數(shù)是中斷驅(qū)動的: 發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)時, 先將其放入緩存區(qū),串口準(zhǔn)備好后, 就將其發(fā)送出去; 傳來的數(shù)據(jù)迅速申請中斷, 使 W i ndow s接收它并將其存入緩沖區(qū), 以供讀取。接收方式主要有查詢和中斷方式。采用查詢方式時, CPU要不斷測試串口是否有數(shù)據(jù),以防接收串口數(shù)據(jù)時出現(xiàn)錯誤、 效率低; 而采用中斷方式則無需測試串口, 一旦有數(shù)據(jù)傳至, CPU終止當(dāng)前任務(wù),由中斷服務(wù)程序完成操作。因此, 中斷方式具有效率高、 接收準(zhǔn)確、 編程簡單等特點(diǎn)。 在工業(yè)通信及控制領(lǐng)域， 特別是分布式的控制系統(tǒng)中， 常常需要在各設(shè)備之間交換和共享數(shù)據(jù)， 而且對于數(shù)據(jù)交換的實(shí)時性 可靠性要求很高 在這種情

5、況下， 現(xiàn)場總線應(yīng)運(yùn)而生了 現(xiàn)場總線由于其良好的實(shí)時性 開放性以及工業(yè)針對性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)， 在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域得到了長足的運(yùn)用和發(fā)展 可以說， 現(xiàn)場總線在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域正發(fā)揮著不可或缺的重要作用。 在 PLC 系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用中， 經(jīng)常需要將多臺 PLC連成一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)， 其中每臺 PLC 可以實(shí)時地獲知網(wǎng)絡(luò)中其它任何一臺 PLC 的特定信息， 從而達(dá)到整個網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的數(shù)據(jù)同步， 實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)動控制;同時在性能上要求良好的實(shí)時性和可靠性 而且， 在很多情況下， 通信的開銷也不能太高 因此， 怎樣以較低的開銷， 較好地實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)備間的數(shù)據(jù)同步功能， 在PLC 及其他工業(yè)通信產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)中具有很積極的意義。模擬系統(tǒng)需要盡量對指控計(jì)算機(jī)的各

6、個分系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行逼真的模擬， 不僅要實(shí)時響應(yīng)指控計(jì)算機(jī)的請求， 及時回送符合要求的報(bào)文，正確監(jiān)測通信的時序，檢測傳輸過程中的 CRC 校驗(yàn)錯， 還需要嚴(yán)格控制通信的誤碼率， 具有良好的人機(jī)界面。鑒于此，模擬系統(tǒng)采用了硬件智能板設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合軟件優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的思想， 設(shè)計(jì)了滿足要求的智能高速通信板， 然后在此基礎(chǔ)上再開發(fā)具有良好用戶界面的驅(qū)動控制軟件。 固件程序的主要功能包括自檢及初始化通信板器件、提供上層驅(qū)動軟件接口、 監(jiān)測雙口存儲器中標(biāo)志字節(jié)請求、 根據(jù)請求完成數(shù)據(jù)傳送、 判斷數(shù)據(jù)傳輸狀態(tài)并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)處理、 硬件斷處理等。固化程序主體可分為自檢、初始化、程序主流程、中斷處理等幾部分。為使系統(tǒng)在某些惡劣環(huán)境

7、下也能可靠工作， 滿足對信息傳輸?shù)膶?shí)時性、 高可靠、 安全性的要求， 在通道的硬件設(shè)計(jì)上采取了一系列必要的措施，并在固件中作了處理。其中包括超時計(jì)時器的設(shè)置和通道故障報(bào)警等。 傳統(tǒng)儀器面板上的器件都是實(shí)物，而且是用手動和觸摸進(jìn)行操作的，而虛擬儀器面板控件是外形與實(shí)物相像的圖標(biāo)，通、斷、放大等對應(yīng)著相應(yīng)的軟件程序. 這些軟件已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)好了，用戶不必設(shè)計(jì)，只需選用代表該種軟件程序的圖形控件即可，由計(jì)算機(jī)的鼠標(biāo)來對其進(jìn)行操作. 因此，設(shè)計(jì)虛擬面板的過程就是在面板設(shè)計(jì)窗口中擺放所需的控件，然后編寫相應(yīng)的程序. 大多數(shù)初學(xué)者可以學(xué)習(xí)利用虛擬儀器的軟件開發(fā)工具，例如LabWindows/CVI、La

8、bVIEW 等編程語言，在短時間內(nèi)輕松完成美觀又實(shí)用的虛擬儀器面 附件：資料1外文原文（可以用復(fù)印件） In automatic control and intelligent instrumentation, the MCU should more and more widely used, due to poor function of the microcontroller operation is often required to the use of computer systems, remote microcontroller and PC,

9、more meaningful communication, communication is the key to each data channel transmission information. 51 computers with the internal serial port communications features.The serial port can serve as a communication interface with the PC using the serial port serial port COM 1 or COM 2 serial communi

10、cation, the monolithic can gather data to the PC machine, the PC, high-level language or database language for data compilation and statistical processing to the complex to meet the needs of practical application. Software Design,after initialization, open the data channel on the upstream and downs

11、tream signals are sampled.And associated operations, find the peak R ~, on whether the peak for the second sentence R.Off, find the delay to ensure the correct r, to arrive at the correct flow. As A very short time the relevant calculation, therefore, the use of the counter control. Communication d

12、uring PC, and SCM, the first for their respective Initialize the serial port, serial port work to determine and set waves special rate, transmission of data length, and then began to data transmission, these work is done by software, so the PC, and microcontroller need to design appropriate communi

13、cation software. DOS environment, the serial communication interrupt mode generally used to achieve.Users complete control of the communication port. In the W i ndow s environment the system prohibits the application directly on the hardware to operate. In w indows in the provision of a complete ap

14、plication program interface functions AP I number of these functions by the programmer hardware interface and communications. Communication letter number is interrupt-driven: to send data, first put it in cache serial ready, it will be sent; application data from the rapid please interrupt, so that

15、W i ndow s receive it and store them in buffer for read. The main methods of inquiry and received interrupt. Using query mode, CPU to constantly test the serial port for data, to prevent receiver serial data errors and low efficiency; and no use of interrupt need to test the serial port, once the da

16、ta is transmitted, CPU terminates the current task complete the operation by the interrupt service routine. Therefore, an effective interrupt rate, to receive accurate, programming and simple. Communication and control in industrial fields, particularly in distributed control system of systems, oft

17、en require different equipment in the exchange and sharing between the number of It is, but also for the reliability of real-time data exchange are high in this case ,the field bus came into the scene bus due to its good real-time for open and industrial strong features in the industry have seen s

18、ignificant use and development fair to say, fieldbus is playing in the industrial field is not indispensable role. In the PLC system applications, often need more than one PLC connected into a network, each of them in real time by the Knowledge network PLC network in any other specific information

19、 of a PLC to achieve the whole data synchronization on a network, to achieve joint control; while in the performance on the requirements of a good time and reliability and, in many circumstances case, the communication overhead can not be too high, therefore, how to overhead,achieve better synchroni

20、zation of data between devices in PLC and other industrial communication products that have very positive. Analog systems require as much as possible the various subsystems of the alleged conduct realistic computer simulation, real-time response to allegations of not only the computers request, sent

21、 back in time to meet request packet, the correct timing to monitor communications, detection of CRC in the school transfer process test wrong, but also the need for strict control of communication error rate has a good user interface.In view of this, the simulation system uses a combination of hard

22、ware, software optimization Intelligent design.The idea of intelligent design to meet the requirements of high-speed communication board, and on this basis further development of good user interface drive control software.The main features include firmware and initialize the communication board self

23、-test devices, to mention software interface for the upper drive, monitor flag byte dual-port memory request, according to data transfer request is completed to determine the state and the corresponding data processing hardware interrupt processing. Body can be divided into self-curing process, the

24、 initialization, the program mainstream process, interrupt handling and other parts. To make the system in some harsh environments can be by working to meet the real-time transmission of information, high reliability, safety requirements. Hardware design of the channel a series of necessary measure

25、s taken, and the firmware for the treatment. Including time-out timer settings and channel failure alarm.Traditional instruments are physical devices on the panel, and is operated by hand and touch, and virtual instrument surface board control is similar to the icon with the physical appearance, pas

26、s, off, zoom, etc. correspond to the appropriate software program. The software has been good design, users do not design, just use software program that represents the kind of graphical controls can be, by the computer mouse scale to its operations. Therefore the process of designing the virtual pa

27、nel is placed in the panel needed to design window controls.Then write the appropriate programs. most beginners can learn to use virtual instrument software development tools, such as LabVIEW and other programming languages easily completed in a short time beautiful and practical surface of the virt

28、ual instrument. 附件：資料2翻譯譯文 如何將硬件軟件化，軟件通用化成為虛擬采集系統(tǒng)的研究熱點(diǎn)。本課題以串行虛擬采集系統(tǒng)為研究對象，設(shè)計(jì)了一個硬件成本低，軟件功能強(qiáng)的虛擬采集系統(tǒng)。本文首先在介紹虛擬儀器和采集系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上，對采集系統(tǒng)的原理進(jìn)行分析，研制了一個隨著計(jì)算機(jī)軟硬件技術(shù)的發(fā)展，虛擬儀器技術(shù)被廣泛地應(yīng)用到數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)，16位精度的RS232數(shù)據(jù)采集卡。在LabVIEW軟件環(huán)境下，建立了串行虛擬數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)。隨后剖析軟件結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合組件技術(shù)，提出測量功能組件的思想，重點(diǎn)闡述了串口通信、測量功能組件和數(shù)據(jù)管理

29、模塊的實(shí)現(xiàn)。最后利用abV工Ew的菜單和Queue技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的集成。 數(shù)據(jù)記錄、 存儲模塊.數(shù)據(jù)記錄存儲模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的記錄保存,便于后期分析和歷史數(shù)據(jù)的積累。LabVIEW 提供了很多數(shù)據(jù)存儲的方法,本文采用的是 Excel 表格記錄存儲數(shù)據(jù)。數(shù)據(jù)存儲和數(shù)據(jù)采集及實(shí)時顯示所需要的采用頻率有很大不同。數(shù)據(jù)的采集和實(shí)時顯示所需的采樣頻率很高,若數(shù)據(jù)存儲模塊也采用這樣的采樣頻率會產(chǎn)生大量的冗余數(shù)據(jù),這些數(shù)據(jù)將占用大量的硬盤空間,需要采用降低采樣頻率的方法過濾掉冗余數(shù)據(jù),減少存儲空間。為此,將采集模塊得到的數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)定兩個不同的數(shù)據(jù)流動路線:一路不降低采樣頻率, 送給實(shí)時數(shù)據(jù)顯示程序;一路用抽取一

30、維數(shù)組的方法降低采用頻率,組成新的數(shù)組寫入磁盤保存. 數(shù)據(jù)分析處理主要包括:數(shù)據(jù)的轉(zhuǎn)化及顯示、 數(shù)據(jù)分析、 圖形化處理等. 檢測系統(tǒng)的硬件組成有多種形式,比較典型的有傳感器和變換器、 信號調(diào)理盒、 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡、 計(jì)算機(jī)。本文采用的硬件組成包括傳感器、 智能儀表、 數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換器. 智能儀表又稱測量控制儀集成了信號調(diào)理盒、 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的功能,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)信號的測量、 變換、 顯示、 傳送、 記錄和控制;數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換器實(shí)現(xiàn)不同類型信號的轉(zhuǎn)換. 檢測系統(tǒng)一般包括傳感器系統(tǒng),數(shù)據(jù)采集、 處理、 分析系統(tǒng)。傳感器系統(tǒng)將被檢信號(壓力、 流量、 速度、 溫度、振動、 噪聲等物理量)轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號(電壓值或電流值) ,

31、數(shù)據(jù)采集、 處理、 分析系統(tǒng)將電信號進(jìn)行處理分析,最終完成數(shù)據(jù)的顯示、 存儲、 打印、 傳送等。 虛擬儀器技術(shù)的核心思想是軟件就是儀器。它利用計(jì)算機(jī)作為一個控制和數(shù)據(jù) 處理中心，使傳統(tǒng)儀器的部分硬件被軟件代替，用戶可以通過僅修改軟件就能改變儀器功能。因此在虛擬測量系統(tǒng)中，軟件功能強(qiáng)化后，其硬件主要根據(jù)信號類型，實(shí)現(xiàn)信號的采集功能。而現(xiàn)在的任何一代儀器，其采集功能都具備，有些儀器還具備高速、高精度等特點(diǎn)，同時還留有通用的串行通信。因此本文在硬件上選用串行數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)為研究對象，以硬件和軟件兩條主線，并在虛擬儀器的思想指導(dǎo)下，對采集系統(tǒng)的軟件可重組性、數(shù)據(jù)管理等方面展開研究。 在分析硬件各組

32、成部分的功能及關(guān)鍵技術(shù)后，設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了高精度的串行RS232數(shù)據(jù)采集。在軟件上，先分析虛擬儀器采集體系結(jié)構(gòu)，在選擇適合的虛擬軟件環(huán)境后討論了采集卡驅(qū)動程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)的方法，實(shí)現(xiàn)串口采集卡的通信。在分析ADO數(shù)據(jù)庫訪問技術(shù)后，針對LabV工EW提出用LabSQL實(shí)現(xiàn)大信息量的存儲和管理，實(shí)現(xiàn)信息的查詢、刪除等功能。研究組件技術(shù)和秦氏智能控件模型，提出測量功能組件的思想，并應(yīng)用到設(shè)計(jì)的虛擬RS232采集系統(tǒng)中，將各測量功能組件化，實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件的可重新組合，拓寬了設(shè)計(jì)的測量系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用范圍。同時利用LabV工EW的的運(yùn)行技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)測量功能組件的集成，這是本文的創(chuàng)新之處。 附件：資料2外文原文（可以用復(fù)

33、印件） With the development of computer hardware and software technologies, virtual instrumentation technology is widely applied to the data acquisition system,How to hardware and software, software as a virtual universal collection system research focus. The topics to serial acquisition system for th

34、e study of virtual design a low cost of hardware, software features powerful virtual collection system. This article first describes the development of virtual instrument and acquisition system based on the principle of the acquisition system for analysis, developed a 16-bit precision of the RS232 d

35、ata acquisition card. In the LabVIEW software environment, the establishment of a virtual serial data acquisition system. Subsequent analysis of software architecture, combined with component technology, the idea proposed by measuring the functional components and focuses on serial communication, me

36、asuring functional components and data management module implementation. Finally abV menu and Queue work Ew technology systems integration. Data recording, storage modules. data records of test data storage module for record keeping to facilitate later analysis and the accumulation of historical d

37、ata. LabVIEW provides a lot of data storage methods, this paper is Excel table to store data records. Data storage and data acquisition and real-time display with the required frequency.are very different. Data acquisition and real-time display the required sampling frequency is high, if the data s

38、torage module also used this sampling frequency will produce a large number of redundant data, which will take up a lot of hard disk space, need to adopt lowerlow sampling frequency, methods to filter out redundant data, reduce storage space. As this will be the data acquisition module to set two di

39、fferent data flows Way Line: not all the way to reduce the sampling frequency.Give real-time data display program; all the way with extracted one-dimensional array of ways to reduce with the frequency, form a new array is written to disk Save. Data analysis include: data conversion and display, data

40、 points analysis, graphics processing, etc. Detection system composed of many forms of hardware, typically a sensor devices and converters, signal conditioning box, data acquisition card, the computer. The research is the hardware used consists of sensors, intelligent instrumentation data conv

41、erters. Intelligent Instrumentation also known as the integrated measurement and control instrument signal modulation.Case management, data acquisition card functions, can realize the signal measurements, transformation were display, transmit, record and control; data converters to achieve different

42、 types of signal conversion. Detection systems typically include sensor systems, data acquisition, processing, analysis system. Sensor system will be seized signals (pressure, flow, speed, temperature,Vibration, noise and other physical quantities) into electrical signals (voltage or current value),

43、 data acquisition, processing, analysis, processing and analysis system will signal the end to complete the data display, storage, printing, transmission and so on. The core idea of ??virtual instrumentation is software is the instrument. It uses the computer as a control and data Treatment center

44、, part of the traditional instruments by the software instead of hardware, the user can modify the software can be changed by only Instrument function. Therefore, the virtual measurement system, the software functions strengthened, mainly based on signal type of its hardware, real is the signal acqu

45、isition. Now, any generation of instruments, the collection features are available, some instruments also have high speed, precision and other characteristics, but also left universal serial communication. This article used in the hardware serial data mining Collection system as the research object

46、to the two main lines of hardware and software, and the idea of virtual instruments under the guidance of the acquisition system.Reconfigurable software systems data management, and start the study specifically as follows. In the analysis of the function of the hardware components and key technolog

47、y designed and implemented a high-precision serial RS232data acquisition. In software, the first virtual instrument collection of architecture, the choice of the virtual software environment for post-discussed the capture card driver to implement the method of communication to achieve serial acquisi

48、tion card. In the analysis of ADO database access technology, working for LabVIEW realize large amount of information presented by LabSQL storage and management, the information query, delete and so on. Of component technology and Qin intelligent control model, the ideological measure the functional

49、 components and applied to set virtual RS232 meter collection system, the functional components of each measure, realize the software can be re-combination, widened measurement system design applications. LabVIEW while taking advantage of the operation of technology, integration of functional components measured, it is the innovation of this article.