現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別 1

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1、 The Present Perfect Tense 英語(yǔ)課件一一. .表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的某個(gè)不確定時(shí)間，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的某個(gè)不確定時(shí)間，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響或結(jié)果，留下了某種影響或結(jié)果，e.g.：I have already had lunch 我已經(jīng)吃了午飯。（現(xiàn)在不餓了）我已經(jīng)吃了午飯。（現(xiàn)在不餓了）二二. .表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或事情或事情, ,這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能仍將進(jìn)行下去，也可能剛停止。這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能仍將進(jìn)行下去，也可能剛停止。eg：1. He has taught here since 1981.他自從他

2、自從1981年就在這里教書(shū)了。年就在這里教書(shū)了。 2. I havent seen you for four years.我有我有4 4年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到過(guò)你了。年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到過(guò)你了。三三. .表示曾有過(guò)或到目前為止從未有過(guò)的經(jīng)歷表示曾有過(guò)或到目前為止從未有過(guò)的經(jīng)歷. .（曾經(jīng)（曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的一次或多次動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在已成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)。）發(fā)生過(guò)的一次或多次動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在已成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)。）e.g.：1. Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?你曾去過(guò)頤和園嗎你曾去過(guò)頤和園嗎? 2. I have never had a car.我從未有過(guò)汽車。我從未有過(guò)汽車?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的

3、區(qū)別相同點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的相同點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的動(dòng)作都是發(fā)動(dòng)作都是發(fā)生在過(guò)去。生在過(guò)去。不同點(diǎn)：不同點(diǎn)：1 1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)（因此可能與的時(shí)態(tài)（因此可能與nownow，this morningthis morning等表現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間連用）等表現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間連用） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)是過(guò)去過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。的時(shí)態(tài)。2 2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的不是動(dòng)作本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的不是動(dòng)作本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作與作與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響影響, ,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）而一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則只表示

4、發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和事而一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則只表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和事情與情與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系。 eg：1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已經(jīng)他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。買了一本英漢字典。eg：2. He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾他曾買過(guò)一本英漢字典。買過(guò)一本英漢字典。 第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，意為：第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，意為：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “過(guò)去他買過(guò)去他買了一本英

5、漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典” 。 第二句用過(guò)去時(shí)只敘述過(guò)去他買過(guò)一本英漢字典這一第二句用過(guò)去時(shí)只敘述過(guò)去他買過(guò)一本英漢字典這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明。事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明。二當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示二當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過(guò)去某一特定時(shí)間過(guò)去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不不用用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用而用一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí): : eg：1. I saw the film on television yesterday . 但但since(since(自自以來(lái)以來(lái))+)+某一過(guò)去時(shí)間或敘述過(guò)去事情的某一過(guò)去時(shí)間或敘述過(guò)去事情的從句總

6、是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。eg：1. They have known each other since 1950 . 2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England.三常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的典型的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)三常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的典型的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)yesterday(昨天昨天), just now(剛才剛才)，時(shí)間，時(shí)間+ ago,last +時(shí)間時(shí)間 ; in 1998, once upon a time, the other day(前幾天前幾天) eg: 1. The plane took off ten mi

7、nutes ago 飛機(jī)十分鐘前起飛了。飛機(jī)十分鐘前起飛了。 eg: 2. We finished our task last week .我們上周完成了我們的任務(wù)。我們上周完成了我們的任務(wù)。四常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段四常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段時(shí)間的詞短語(yǔ)或從句時(shí)間的詞短語(yǔ)或從句: : so far (到現(xiàn)在為止到現(xiàn)在為止)，up to (till,until,by)now直到現(xiàn)在，直到現(xiàn)在，lately（最近）（最近）,recently, yet ,since+過(guò)去時(shí)間或敘述過(guò)去事過(guò)去時(shí)間或敘述過(guò)去事情的從句。情的從句。for+時(shí)間段，時(shí)間段，just, yet,

8、 ever, already, in the last (past)15 years, before(單獨(dú)使用時(shí)單獨(dú)使用時(shí))eg：1. The weather has been hot so far this summer 到目前為止，今夏天氣一直很熱。到目前為止，今夏天氣一直很熱。2.I havent seen her yet .我還未見(jiàn)到過(guò)她。我還未見(jiàn)到過(guò)她。 PART B:EXERCISESPART B:EXERCISES 一.Find the choice :1.When I was at school,I_to the library every day.A.go B.was goi

9、ng C.have goneD.went2.The new books_yet. A.havent arrived B.hast arrived C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive3._you ever_to shanghai. A.Havent arrived B.Hasnt arrived C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen4.He_his lunch. A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with the help of mic

10、roscopes. A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving6.I was so happy to see John again last Sunday .We _each other for more than two years. A.havent seen B.hadnt seen C.didnt see D.hasnt seen7.We _three lessons this month. A.have learned B.learned C.has learned D.were having8.I_to Paris several

11、times. A.went B.have gone C.have been D.was going9.Alice _ in china for ten years. A. has lived B.have lived C.lived D.has live 10.My uncle _in this city since 1980. A.lives B.have lived C.has lived D.lived11.By now old Wang _in that factory for twenty years. A.have worked B.worked C.works D.has wor

12、ked12.Christianity(基督教基督教) has become a worldwide religion(宗教宗教) since it _almost two years ago. A. begin B.begins C.began D. has begin13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written C.wrote D.has written14.When we lived in phoenix we _at Arizona State univers

13、ity.A.studied B.have studied C.study D.were studying15.I wrote to my parents three month ago but I_to my parents lately. A.havent written B.dont write C.didnt write D.will not write16.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month. A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.will go 17.She _an actress for some

14、 time . A.was B.being C.is D.has been18.Professor Chen _our exams yet. A.didnt mark B.hasntmarked C.will not mark D.havent marked20. I_my task the other day.A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish 二. choose the one that is wrong:1.I lived in this city since I was a child .2.I lost my pen,

15、I have to write with a pencil .3.Hangzhou is the most beautiful city I saw . 4.She has read the book last week . 5.My classmates and I have visited the memorial hall of chairman Mao yesterday .6.My grandmother has lived with us since my grandfather has died six years ago . 7.After breakfast she takes a walk to buy the morning paper she does this every morning for ten years .8.It was very hot lately ,but its beginning to get a bit cooler .9.Have you gone to the great wall?Yes,I have ,I went there last Sunday .