2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 第十五講 數(shù)詞講練.doc
2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 第十五講 數(shù)詞講練語(yǔ)法精講 數(shù)詞有兩種,表示數(shù)目的叫基數(shù)詞,如:one, two, three等。 表示順序的叫序數(shù)詞,如:first, second, third等。一、數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及運(yùn)用。(1)基數(shù)詞1-12是獨(dú)立的單詞,one, two, three.(2)基數(shù)詞13-19是以teen結(jié)尾,由個(gè)位基數(shù)詞加后綴。但要注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen三詞的拼法有變化。(3)基數(shù)詞20-90整十位數(shù)都是以-ty結(jié)尾。但注意twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty的拼寫(xiě)變化。(4)基數(shù)詞21-99是由“幾十和幾”合起來(lái)構(gòu)成的,中間加連字符,如:twenty-one, thirty-three.(5)基數(shù)詞101-999等三位數(shù)中,十位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加and。305:Three hundred and five, 999: nine hundred and ninety-nine.(6)1000以上的數(shù),要用逗號(hào)。4,596 four thousand, five hundred and nicety-six. 18,261 eighteen thousand, two hundred and sixty-one.(7)基數(shù)詞hundred,thousand, million,表示確切數(shù)目的不加s,如;five hundred.但表示不確切數(shù)目時(shí),要用復(fù)數(shù),如:thousands of.(8)dozen和score的復(fù)數(shù)形式注意以下幾點(diǎn),當(dāng)dozen與數(shù)詞或many several等連用時(shí),不加s,所修飾名詞前省去of,如:two (many, several)dozen pencils但dozens of, scores of, “好幾十”。(9)在“幾十年代”用“in the +幾十復(fù)數(shù)”,如:in the 1990s或in the 1990s,要表達(dá)“幾十多歲”時(shí)用“in + ones+幾十復(fù)數(shù)”,如:in her twenties.二、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1、除first, second, third外,其他序數(shù)詞是在基數(shù)詞后加-th, sixth, seventh.2、fifth, eighth, eighth, twelfth要記清3、整十的基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞時(shí),把y改為ie再加th.twenty-twentieth , forty-fortieth.4、第幾十幾,只需把“幾”變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。Twenty-onetwenty-first, forty-fourforty-forth三、序數(shù)詞的運(yùn)用序數(shù)詞前需用the.The second is my brother, April is the forth of the year.但有在序數(shù)詞前加a/an,表示“再一”“又一”。Try is a third time ,please.四、分?jǐn)?shù)和小數(shù)1、分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法one half或a half, two- thirds , two and one third , one-fourth或 a quarter2、小數(shù)的表示法0.1 zero point one. 2.25 two point two five 205.37 two hundred and five point three seven五、倍數(shù)表示法:常用三種句型1、主+謂+倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than2、主+謂+倍數(shù)+as形/副原級(jí) as3、主+謂+倍數(shù)+the名(size, height, length)of如:A is five times longer than B. A is five times as long as B. A is five times the length of B.六、日期表示法如:1998年5月1日可以寫(xiě)作,May I (st),xx或I (st)May,xx不能說(shuō)1949 year,但可說(shuō) in the year 1949.公元前BC 221BC 公元后AD 1949AD=AD1949七、編號(hào)的表示法在談編號(hào)時(shí),可用基數(shù)詞,也可用序數(shù)詞。the+序數(shù)詞+名 名詞+基數(shù)詞如:the first part part one. The tenth lessonLesson ten.另還有:Room 201, Gate 3, platform 5 Bus(N0)7, 1378 Yanan Road.