新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) 復(fù)習(xí)提綱

新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下全冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)提綱Unit 1 Will people have robots?1.in the future 在將來(lái)2. live to (be) years old 活到歲3.in 100 years 100 years from now 一百年后4.free time 空閑時(shí)間 be free 免費(fèi)；自由5. talk about 談?wù)?，談及，談?. high school 高中7. computer programmer 電腦程序員8.on a space station 太空站9.fall in love with 愛上 10.go skating 去滑冰11.be able to 能，會(huì)12. I disagree= I dont agree我不同意 agree with sb. 同意某人的意見13.the World Cup 世界杯 14.keep pets 養(yǎng)寵物15.job interview 工作面試16.flyto 乘坐飛往e true 實(shí)現(xiàn)，成為現(xiàn)實(shí)18.see sb. do sth. 看見某人做了某事 see sb doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事19.ones own 某人自己的my own pen20.science fiction movies 科幻影片21.help (sb.) with sth. 幫助（某人）做某事22.hundreds of數(shù)百，成百上千的hundred和thousand 具體時(shí)不加s，成百上千時(shí)加S23.the same as和相同24.wake up醒來(lái)；喚醒26.try to do sth. 試圖做某事，盡力做某事27.get bored 變得厭倦28. over and over (again) 一次又一次，再三地29.make predictions 做預(yù)測(cè)30.predict the future 預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)31.look for尋找32.the head of .的老板33.make sb do sth 使某人做某事34.be used by 被用35.less pollution 更少的污染36. live alone 單獨(dú)居住37.be in different shapes 形狀不同38.as a reporter 作為記者39.some.others. 一些另一些40.live in an apartment 住在公寓41.dress casually 穿得很隨意句型： 1. What do you think life will be like in 100 years? 2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.l few（修飾可數(shù)名詞）； less（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）表示幾乎沒(méi)有，有否定之意，；more二者都可以修飾。 a few a little 表示有一些，用于肯定 3. Will kids go to school? No, they wont/Yes, they will。4. Predicting the future can be difficult. 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)5. I need to look smart for my job interview.6. I will be able to dress more casually.7. I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.語(yǔ)法講解：一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表將來(lái)的時(shí)間連用，本時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：1.含tomorrow; next week/month/year;in the future;in 2020； 2.in+ 一段時(shí)間 ； 3.how soon；3.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do4.在時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來(lái)時(shí) If it rains tomorrow, we wont go hiking.表示將來(lái)時(shí)的常見句式：1. 用be doing表示將來(lái)：主要是表示按計(jì)劃，安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用于位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞；如come ,go, leave,arrive,fly, move,start, 等，也可以用其他動(dòng)詞。 Im doing my homework tomorrow.2. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情。 如： He is going to write a letter tonight. 3.be going to 表示 已有跡象表明即將發(fā)生的某種情況。 Look at the clouds. Its going to rain.4.在有條件從句的主句中，多用will, 如：例Be quick, or you will be late.=If you dont be quick, you will be late.Unit 2 What should I do?1. keep out 不準(zhǔn)進(jìn)，阻止進(jìn)入2.argue with sb. 和爭(zhēng)吵 argue about sth. 為爭(zhēng)吵3. out of style過(guò)時(shí)的，不時(shí)髦的 in style 流行的，時(shí)髦的4. call sb. up = ring sb. up = call/ring/phone sb.給.打電話(代詞放中間）5. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 給某人某物 (bring, lend, pass, sell, send, show, take,等與 give 一樣)6. a ticket to a ball game一張球賽的門票 (與 ticket 類似的名詞有：an answer to the question, a key to the door)7. talk on the phone 在電話中/用電話交談8. pay for 付的款9. a part-time job 一份兼職工作10. borrow from 從借( 進(jìn))11. lend to 把借（出去）給12.ask sb. for sth. 向要 ask sb. for help 向某人求助 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事13.bake sale 面包或糕餅售買活動(dòng)14.Teen Talk 青少年論壇15.buy sb. sth. = buy sth for sb. 買給16.the same as 和一樣的17.tell sb. (not) to do sth.告訴某人（不要）做某事18. want sb. to do sth = would like sb. to do sth. 想某人做某事19.find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；核實(shí)20.do sth. wrong 做錯(cuò)某事21.invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事22.be angry with 生的氣23.pass /fail the test 通過(guò)考試/考試不及格24.get on well/badly with 和相處得好（差）25.have a fight with sb. = fight with sb. 與某人打架26.fit in/into 把安排在27.not until 直到才28.as as possible =as as sb. can盡可能plain about doing sth 抱怨，埋怨做某事 complain to sb 抱怨某人30.take part in = join in 參加（某種活動(dòng)/集會(huì)） join 參加團(tuán)體、組織31.all kinds of 各種各樣的pare with 拿和比較33.on the one hand 一方面 34.on the other hand 另一方面35.by oneself =on ones own 某人自己，獨(dú)自地36.be surprised at 對(duì)感到吃驚37.get a tutor 請(qǐng)家教38. include (doing)sth 包括（做）某事39.give sb some advice(不可數(shù))/suggestions(可數(shù)名詞） 給某人一些建議40.find+it+形容詞+to do sth. ”表示”發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事41.organized activities 有組織的活動(dòng)42.be busy with sth 忙于某事be busy doing sth 忙于做某事43.learn to do 學(xué)做某事44.under pressure 在壓力下45.be the same age as sb.=as old as sb.和某人同齡46.its time for sb. To do sth.=its time for sth. 該到做某事的時(shí)候了47. take from to把從帶到48. write sb.a letter=write a letter to sb =write to sb. 給某人寫信49. push sb too hard 強(qiáng)逼某人50. forget sth 忘記某事51. leave sth somewhere（某地） 將某物忘在某地句型： 1. Whats wrong(with you)?/Whats the matter?2. What should I do? 我該怎么辦 3. You could write him a letter. 你可以給他寫封信 . You should say sorry to him.你應(yīng)該給他道歉.4. They shouldnt argue. 他們不應(yīng)該爭(zhēng)吵.J5. Why dont you talk to him about it?=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.=What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it.6. The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?1. in front of 在（范圍之外）的前面in the front of 在（范圍之內(nèi)）的前面2. barber shop 理發(fā)店3. get out of 到外，離開4. walk down/along沿走5.call the police 報(bào)警6.take off(飛機(jī))起飛；脫（衣帽）7. an unusual experience 一次不尋常的經(jīng)歷8. the Museum of Flight 航空博物館9. take photos照相10. a police officer 警官11. run away 跑開，逃跑12. walk around 四處走走13. think about 考慮，思考，回想14.Beijing International Airport 北京國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)15.at the doctors 在醫(yī)務(wù)室，在診所16. in the hospital 在醫(yī)院工作 in hospital生病住院17. in history 在歷史上19. hear about/of 聽說(shuō)，得知20. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人（不要）做某事21. in silence 沉默不語(yǔ)22. take place（有計(jì)劃、有安排）發(fā)生 happen(意外)發(fā)生 sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做了某事 sth happens to sb 某事發(fā)生在了某人的身上23. the World Trade Center 世貿(mào)中心（美國(guó)）24. in space 在太空25. a national hero 民族英雄26. all over the world = around the world全世界27.You are kidding.你在開玩笑28.follow sb to do sth跟隨某人做某事29.shout at 向某人大喊（不禮貌）30.shout to向某人喊叫（擔(dān)心聽不見）31.jump down 跳下32.climb up the tree爬樹33.in a tree在樹上（外來(lái)的物）34.on a tree在樹上（樹本身的物）35.have fun= enjoy oneself 玩得愉快36.be destroyed by被毀壞 be killed 被殺害37.have meaning to sb 對(duì)某人有意義38.cook dinner 煮飯39.cut hair 理發(fā)40.outside the station 在車站外41.sleep late 睡懶覺(jué)42.last about 22 hours 持續(xù)約22個(gè)小時(shí)42.do sth. For the first time 第一次做某事43.not all 并非所有44.everyday activity 日?；顒?dòng)句型：1. What were you doing when the UFO landed? 當(dāng)不明飛行物著陸時(shí)，你正在干啥？2. While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV. 當(dāng)媽媽正在做飯時(shí)，我在看電視。3. I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.4. You can image how strange it was. 5. I followed it to see where it was going.6. Isnt that amazing! 7. She didnt thinking about looking outside the station.8.I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed.語(yǔ)法講解：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)句型 主語(yǔ)+ was/were +V-ing否定句 主語(yǔ)+ was/were+not +V-ing一般疑問(wèn)句 was/were+主語(yǔ)+V-ing過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或者某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)：at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday(last night/sunday.),at +點(diǎn)鐘+Yesterday(last night/ Sunday.), when , while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 1. She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening. （昨天傍晚八點(diǎn)半她正在做家庭作業(yè)。） 2.When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen.（今天早上我起床時(shí)媽媽正在廚房里準(zhǔn)備早餐?！癕other?！笔侵骶洌皐hen，”是從句。）When 和while 的區(qū)別1、when，while都有“當(dāng)時(shí)候”的意思。when既可表示某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，也可以表示某一段時(shí)間 。在when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是非延續(xù)性的，可與主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可在其后發(fā)生。 例如： 1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走進(jìn)我房間時(shí)，我正在看書。 2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老師進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，你在寫信嗎？ 3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小時(shí)候就常常試驗(yàn)一些新的設(shè)想。2.while只能表示某一段時(shí)間，不能表示某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。在while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 只能 是延續(xù)性的，而且也只能與主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在。 例如：1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正當(dāng)吉姆修自行車時(shí)，林濤來(lái)看他。 2、You cant do your homework while youre watching TV. 你不能一邊看電視一邊做家庭作業(yè)。 3、另外，when和while的區(qū)別還在于：while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用一般時(shí)態(tài)。 例如： 1、While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他們談話的時(shí)候，上課鈴響了。 2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一Unit 4 He said I was hard-working1.soap opera 肥皂劇，電視（連續(xù)）劇2.on Friday night 在星期五晚上3.be mad at=be angry with 生的氣4.have a surprise partyfor sb 為某人舉行一個(gè)驚喜晚會(huì)5. not anymore 不再，再也不 not any longer 6. get nervous 變得緊張7. direct speech 直接引語(yǔ) reported speech 間接引語(yǔ)8.first of all首先9.do a homework project 做家庭作業(yè)10.pass on 傳遞pass sth to sbPass on the message to sb 向某人傳遞信息11.work on 從事，設(shè)計(jì)，演算，操作12.be supposed to do sth. 被期望（要求）做， 應(yīng)該做13.be good at doing sth= do well in 擅長(zhǎng)15.report card 成績(jī)單16.have a (bad) cold 患（重）感冒17.be in good health=keep/ stay healthy 身體健康18.end-of-year exams 學(xué)年考試19.have a big fightwith 和大打一架21.forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做了某事22.get over 克服，恢復(fù)，原諒23.a poor mountain village 一個(gè)貧窮的山村24.sound like+n 聽起來(lái)像25.Graduate from 從畢業(yè)26.In the mail 在郵箱里27.Its a good idea for sb to do sth某人去做某事是一個(gè)好主意28. Chinas rural areas 中國(guó)的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)29.sea level 海平面 above sea level海拔30.the thin air 稀薄的空氣31.agree with sb./sth. 同意, 與相符（一致）32. both and 兩者都33.finish doing sth 完成做某事34.open up 打開，展開，開發(fā)，揭露 open up ones eyes to 開拓某人的視野到.35.a good start 一個(gè)良好的開端36.care forlook after=take care of 照料，照 顧，計(jì)較，關(guān)心37.in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中38.start a bad habbit養(yǎng)成一個(gè)壞習(xí)慣39.copy ones homework抄襲某人的做業(yè)40.send ones love 問(wèn)好41.find science really difficult發(fā)現(xiàn)科學(xué)真的很難42.make a decision to do sth=decide to do sth 決定做某事43.decide to do sth決定做某事44.there is no difference between .and. 在.和.之間沒(méi)有區(qū)別45.its just that. 只不過(guò)，只是46.be over 結(jié)束，完成47.in the city of .市48.a one-year program 一個(gè)一年期的項(xiàng)目49.people who need help 需要幫助的人50.something we can do for them 我們能為他們做的事句型： 轉(zhuǎn)述他人話語(yǔ):What did sb. say? He said I She said sheThey said1. 許老師告訴我徐夢(mèng)蝶會(huì)說(shuō)二種語(yǔ)言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.2. 許老師說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun.(客觀真理用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))3. 許老師告訴我他將去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.4. 許老師說(shuō)歐洋正在做作業(yè)Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.5. 許老師說(shuō)王碩研勤奮。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.6. 在英語(yǔ)上，與聽相比，我更擅長(zhǎng)于讀。In English, Im better at reading than listening. 7. 情況怎樣？ Hows it going? 8. 她不想再當(dāng)我最好的朋友了。She didnt want to be my best friend anymore.9. I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work.10. Thats about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love. 11. She said helping others changed her life.12. Young people today need to experience different things13. I can open up my students eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.語(yǔ)法講解：直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語(yǔ)；用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)一般構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)必須放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，間接引語(yǔ)則不用引號(hào)。直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，除將引語(yǔ)部分變成賓語(yǔ)從句外，還必須對(duì)直接引語(yǔ)中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等進(jìn)行改變。 1. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化：直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動(dòng)詞said，asked等的影響而使用過(guò)去化的時(shí)態(tài)， 即 把原來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)向過(guò)去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)等。 例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 另外，在過(guò)去時(shí)的引述動(dòng)詞之后，當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理或是為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實(shí)時(shí)， 仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The teacher said,"light travels much faster than sound." 老師說(shuō)：“光的傳播速度比聲音快多了?！盩he teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.老師說(shuō)光的傳播速度比聲音快多了。時(shí)態(tài)變化的一般規(guī)律：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)； 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)； 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)； 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)2. 人稱的變化。人稱變化規(guī)則“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。即直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)與主句的主語(yǔ)保持一致，直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)與主句的賓語(yǔ)保持一致，直接引語(yǔ)中的第三人稱改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)人稱不變。 例：He said," I like it very much." He said that he liked it very much. 主語(yǔ) 第一人稱 第三人稱 He said to me," I broke your CD player." He told me that he had broken my CD player. 主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 第一人稱 第二人稱 3. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等等的變化；根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。 如：She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. （二）直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，都使用陳述語(yǔ)序，但是因?yàn)樵涞木涫讲煌?，所以變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)所用的連詞會(huì)有所不同。 1.陳述句的間接引語(yǔ)：陳述句由直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，由that引導(dǎo)，可以省略。 “I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蘭色的。” 他說(shuō)。 He told us that he wanted the blue one. 他說(shuō)他想要蘭色的。 4. 某些代詞，限定詞，表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的副詞和個(gè)別動(dòng)詞在間接引語(yǔ)中的變化規(guī)則： 直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ) today that day now then, at that moment yesterday the day before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next day / the following day the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two days next week/ month etc the next week/month etc last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before here there this that these those come go bring take Unit 5 If you go to the party，youll have a great time!1. have a great/good/nice/wonderful time =have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高興3.end of year party 年終晚會(huì)4. take away 拿走，取走5. all the time=always 一直，始終，總是6. ID card 身份證7.old peoples home 養(yǎng)老院8.make money 賺錢9. around the world = all over the world全世界，世界各地10. go to college 上大學(xué)11.work hard 努力工作（學(xué)習(xí)）12.a professional athlete 職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員13.a dream job 理想的職業(yè)14.make a living(by) doing 通過(guò)謀生do sth for a living 做某事謀生play sports for a living靠體育運(yùn)動(dòng)為生15.play sports 進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng) = get/do exercise16.get injured 受傷17.in fact 事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上18.mobile phone 移動(dòng)電話19.too much 太多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞） too many太多（修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)） much too 太.（修飾形容詞或副詞）20. laugh atsb 嘲笑某人21. wear jeans 穿牛仔22.let sb in/out 讓某人進(jìn)/出23.half the class 一半的學(xué)生24.have a difficult time with/doing sth做某事有困難25.be famous for 因.而著名26.be famous as 作為而著名27.work with 與.打交道；和.一起工作28.bring sth to . 把某物帶來(lái).29. watch a video 看錄像30. get an education 接受教育31. The rules for. .的規(guī)則32. study for a test 為考試而學(xué)習(xí)33. have a chance to do sth 有一個(gè)做.的機(jī)會(huì)34. in class 在課堂上35.花費(fèi)相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的總結(jié)： sb. pay some money for sth. 某人為某物花了（錢）。(pay-paid) Sth. cost sb. some money/time. 某物花了某人（錢/時(shí)間）。(cost-cost) Sb. spend some time/money on sth.某人花了（時(shí)間/金錢）在某事上。（spend-spent） Sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 某人花了（時(shí)間/金錢）做 It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 花了某人（時(shí)間）做某事。句型： 1. If you do, youll 2. Im going to 3. You should4. Dont you want to ? 5. Dont you think .?如果李老師去參加晚會(huì)，我們將會(huì)玩得非常高興。 If Ms Li goes to the party, well have a great time.如果你穿牛仔褲去晚會(huì)，李老師將不會(huì)讓你進(jìn)入。If you wear jeans to the party, Ms Li wont let you in.6.For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.7.If you become a professional athlete, you will be able to make a living doing something you love.8.However, professional athletes can also have many problems.9.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.10. If you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.11.In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy.語(yǔ)法講解： if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。If是連詞，所連接的句子 叫條件狀語(yǔ) 從句，表示假設(shè)或條件，意思是 “ 如 果的話”，用法如下： 表示假設(shè)，表示將會(huì)發(fā)生和可能發(fā)生的事，或進(jìn)行提醒警告。句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下： If +句子（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)），+主句（主語(yǔ)will/shall/may/can) +動(dòng)詞原形）(不能用be going to) a. If you finish your homework , you can go out and play. b. If I have enough money next year , I will go to travel .注意：賓語(yǔ)從句中的if與條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的區(qū)別。賓語(yǔ)從句中的if “是否”相當(dāng)于whether，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)句意來(lái)確定。 I dont know if (是否）it will rain tomorrow. If（如果） it rains, I will stay at home.我不知道明天是否會(huì)下雨。如果下雨，我將呆在家里在。Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?1. how long 多長(zhǎng)(對(duì)for一段時(shí)間提問(wèn))how soon 多久(對(duì)in一段時(shí)間提問(wèn))for+一段時(shí)間Since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)Since+從句(從句中多用過(guò)去式）Since+ 一段時(shí)間+ago2. a skating marathon 滑冰馬拉松 3. a pair of 一雙，一副,一把，一條 a pair of skates 一雙溜冰鞋 a pair of jeans 一條牛仔褲 a pair of glasses 一副眼鏡4.raise money （for charity）(為慈善機(jī)構(gòu))募捐，籌錢5. the whole five hours=all the five hours 整整五個(gè)小時(shí)6. three and a half years 三年半 = three years and a half7. thanks for (doing sth) 因而表示感謝8. run out of 用完，用盡9. by the way 順便說(shuō)一下，順便問(wèn)一下10. in Russian style 以俄羅斯的風(fēng)格11. fly kites 放風(fēng)箏12. a talent show 才藝表演13. finish doing sth. 結(jié)束做某事14. be interested in=take an interest in 對(duì)感興趣 15. Chinese dynasty 中國(guó)的王朝16. famous characters 著名人物17. think of 考慮，想起18. in Russian style 俄羅斯的風(fēng)格19. tell sb. about sth. 把的情況告訴某人20. enjoy doing sth. 喜愛做某事21. the Olympic Games 奧運(yùn)會(huì)= the Olympics22.far away 在遠(yuǎn)處23.be hard to understand很難理解24.make a list列一個(gè)清單25.the most common/unusual hobby最普通/最不尋常的興趣愛好26.learn about Chinese history學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于中國(guó)歷史27.thousands of 數(shù)千28.be welcomed by受到的歡迎29.the morethe more越越30.anyone else 其它任何人（else總是后置）31.the capital of的首都/省會(huì)32.be certain to do確定做某事33.miss my family想念我的家34.on my seventh birthday在我七歲的生日時(shí)35.an interesting city with a colorful history 一個(gè)具有多姿多彩歷史的有趣城市36.Collectors club收集者俱樂(lè)部37.old coins 古幣38.talk to /with sb 和某人交談39.globes with animals 帶有動(dòng)物的玻璃球40.be the first one to do sth 第一個(gè)做.的人41.tell sb about.告訴某人關(guān)于.42.more than=over 超過(guò)；多于43.learn a lot about 了解.很多句型： 1. How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？ 2. Ive been skating since nine oclock./since I was four years old. 我從九點(diǎn)一直滑到現(xiàn)在/我從四歲一直滑到現(xiàn)在。3. Ive been skating for five hours. 我一直滑了五小時(shí) 。4. Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours. Alison是第一個(gè)開始并且已經(jīng)滑了整整5個(gè)小時(shí)。5. For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity. 每滑一個(gè)小時(shí)，每位學(xué)生可為慈善事業(yè)籌集10元錢。 6. My mom says I have to stop, because weve run out of room to store them. 媽媽說(shuō)我必須停止了，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)沒(méi)有地方來(lái)存放他們了。 7. I particularly love globes with animals. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 我特別喜歡動(dòng)物雪球儀。如果你知道其他人收集他們的話，請(qǐng)告訴我們。8. By the way, whats your hobby? 順便問(wèn)一下，你的業(yè)余愛好是什么？9. Im interested in the job as a writer.我對(duì)這份當(dāng)作者的工作很感興趣。10. How many Chinese dynasties can you think of? 你能想起多少中國(guó)朝代？11. There is some European influence in the city, and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.這個(gè)城市有歐洲文化的影響，而且哈爾濱的一些老建筑還是俄羅斯風(fēng)格的。新 課 標(biāo)第 一網(wǎng)12. For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese culture, the more I enjoy living in China. 對(duì)于一個(gè)像我一樣的外國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，我對(duì)中國(guó)文化了解越多，我就越喜歡住在中國(guó)。13. And although I live quite far from Beijing, Im certain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008. 盡管我住得離北京很遠(yuǎn)，但我相信2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)我一定在這兒。語(yǔ)法講解：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能一直延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常與for, since,how long,these days等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行式結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have / has +been+ doing/否定句：主語(yǔ)+have / has +not+been+ doing一般疑問(wèn)句：Have / Has +主語(yǔ)+been+ doing/1I have been writing the letter since then.從那時(shí)起我一直在寫這封信。（動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）2I have been collecting stamps for ten years.自從10年前我就收集郵票了（動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直現(xiàn)在還在收集）。3 How long have you been living here?你在這兒已經(jīng)住了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。（“居住”動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)比現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性：2如果沒(méi)有時(shí)間強(qiáng)調(diào)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，3現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般不適用于表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則可Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?1. turn down (音量)放小，（光線）調(diào)暗turn up (音量)放大，（光線）調(diào)亮turn on 打開（開關(guān)、按鈕）turn off 關(guān)（開關(guān)、按鈕）2.not at all 一