山東省2019年中考英語題型專項復習 題型四 閱讀理解課件.ppt

濱州題型四閱讀理解,一、閱讀理解“三步定位法”第一步看題干，定位題干關(guān)鍵詞先看問題，找出題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，猜測文章大意。第二步讀文章，第二次定位找原文帶著關(guān)鍵詞快速通讀全文，畫出與題干內(nèi)容相關(guān)的詞匯和句子，并在腦海中形成篇章結(jié)構(gòu)圖。,第三步回看題，連線解讀定答案細讀題干、選項，針對已畫出的原文內(nèi)容進行第三次定位，精準連線，鎖定答案。,二、具體解題技巧1細節(jié)理解題多從文章的某個具體事實或細節(jié)出發(fā)來設(shè)計題目，考查對文章具體事實和細節(jié)的理解能力，屬于表層理解題范疇，難度較小，但所占比例最大，一般占總分值的60%85%。常見的設(shè)題方式有：用what,where,which,why,who,how等疑問,詞進行提問；用accordingto.開頭，后接短文具體內(nèi)容；用動賓結(jié)構(gòu)、介賓結(jié)構(gòu)或系表結(jié)構(gòu)等的設(shè)題方式；以.because的提問方式設(shè)題等。解答這類題要學會以下技巧：,(1)如果所提問題是文章中現(xiàn)成的內(nèi)容可直接搜尋；(2)細讀文章的第一段或前幾句，注意每段的開頭句和結(jié)尾句；(3)重視結(jié)尾段，作者一般會在結(jié)尾段作出總結(jié)，表達自己的觀點。,IgrewupinNewHampshire,asmalltowninSouthCanada,whereinmyfatherswordsfortheseasonswere“Spring,Summer,FairtimeandWinter！”Atthattime,aweeklongfair(集市)washeldinthetowneveryautumn.Thousandsofpeoplefromothertownscametosellandbuythings.Itwasthebusiesttimeoftheyear.,Thousandsofpeoplecametothetowntoatthefair.AenjoyGrandmasfoodBsellandbuythingsClearntocookDhaveabigparty,【解析】B由本段第三句話可知，數(shù)千人來到小鎮(zhèn)是為了在集市上買賣東西，故選B。,2推理判斷題一般說來主要有：對細節(jié)的推理判斷；對某個問題或某一部分的觀點、態(tài)度的推理判斷；對作者在整篇文章中的態(tài)度、觀點和寫作意圖的推理判斷。常見的設(shè)題方式有：,(1)Thesentence/paragraph/passageinfersthat.(2)Wecanlearnfromthesentence/paragraph/passagethat.(3)Thesentence/paragraph/passageimpliesthat.(4)Bysaying.,theauthormeans.(5)Whatcanweinferfromthe.?(6)Attheendofthepassagethewritersuggests.(7)Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthat.(8)Itcanbeconcluded/inferredfromthepassagethat.,Oneday,alittleboydecidedtodigaholebehindhishouseafterwatchingascienceprogram.Ashewasworking,acoupleofboysstoppedbytowatch.“Whatareyoudoing？”askedoneofthevisitors.“Iwanttodigadeepholeallthewaythroughtheearth！”theboyansweredexcitedly.Theolderboysbegantolaugh,tellinghimthatitwasimpossibletodoit.Thentheyleft.,Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheolderboysthinkthelittleboyis.AsillyBstrictCfriendlyDstrongminded,【解析】A由本段倒數(shù)第二句可知，那些年紀大一些的男孩嘲笑小男孩，說他不可能完成那件事，由此可推斷，他們覺得小男孩很愚蠢，故選A。,3詞義猜測題該題型要求在充分理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，對某個單詞或短語進行合理猜測。做題時可結(jié)合構(gòu)詞法、語法及相關(guān)知識積累進行猜測。Aserioussandstorm(沙塵暴)hashitBeijing,togetherwithfivetosevendegreestrongwind.AgreatyellowdustcloudenvelopedtheChinesecapitallastSunday.,Whatdoes“enveloped”meaninthispassage?A信封B遮蓋C刮走D灰塵,【解析】B由前面可知，沙塵暴襲擊了北京，再結(jié)合句法可知envelop在此是一個動詞，排除A、D兩項；再結(jié)合生活常識可判斷，此處envelop是表示“遮蓋”之意，故選B。,4主旨大意題考查考生對短文整體的理解概括能力。常見的提問方式有：Whatisthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage?(2)Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith.(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?(4)Thepassageismainlyabout.(5)Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?,解答該類題目時可注意以下幾點：(1)有標題的文章，要從標題開始閱讀，因為標題常是文章的主題；(2)注意段首和段尾，有些文章會在段首或段尾給出全文主旨；(3)有些文章的中心思想貫穿全文，建議最后做此類題目，因為做完其他題目后，自然就會對文章主旨有一定的把握；(4)留心關(guān)鍵詞，抓住文章主旨，關(guān)鍵詞即文中反復出現(xiàn)的、與主題有關(guān)的名詞或動詞。,Schoolswillgoelectronic.Computerswillbeimportantandpopularamongthestudents.Everythingwillbeinthecomputerandstudentswillnotneedtobringbookstoschool.TheywillfindinformationontheInternet.Acomputerwillbethestudentslibrary,schoolbagandconnectiontotheoutsideworld.Therewillberobotteachers.Theywillcheck,homeworkoncomputersandcommunicatewiththestudentsparentsthroughemail.Whatsthemainideaofthispassage?ASchoolswillgoelectronic.BComputerswillbeimportant.CTherewillberobotteachers.DTeacherswillcommunicatewiththestudentsparentsthroughemail.,【解析】A第一句為中心句，后面是對其擴展和論述，故選A。,5數(shù)字推算題要求學生根據(jù)提供的數(shù)據(jù)以及內(nèi)在關(guān)系做出簡單的計算和推斷。,IwonaprizeforoneofmypaintingswhenIwasfourteen.ThatmaybewhyIwenttoartschoolfouryearslater.WhenIleftschool,Igotsomemoney.Ihopetobecomeafulltimepainter.Whenfinishingschoolstudies,thewriterwasabout.A14B16C18D21,【解析】D作者14歲因繪畫獲獎，18歲進入藝術(shù)學校，畢業(yè)時一定在18歲以上，故選D。,