2019年高考英語一輪鞏固達標練題 Unit 4 Global warming（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc

Global warming一、閱讀理解。What are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may put them on hold. Theres a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星)On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. Set in the notsodistant year of 2037, the iglooshaped structure could be the home of your future.It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognisablekitchen, bedroombut there are fundamental differences that are vital for human survival.As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earths, people will need permanent shelter from the sun and society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses wont have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from dangerous rays that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double airlocked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.“We dont think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre，” says Stephen Petranek, author of How Well Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of scifi. “Ten to twenty years from now there will certainly be people on Mars，” Petranek says.“Weve had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we havent had the will，” Petranek says. “But two main factors have pletely swung public attitudes.”The private panies participation has forced government agencies to up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught societys eye.【解題導語】本文主要對人類未來在火星上居住作了相關介紹。1What can we know about the show home from the text?AIt has no windows or doors due to security concern.BIts design presents the idea of environmental protection.CIt has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.DIts underground passages connect all the buildings together.B解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段的第一句可推知，火星樣板房的設計采用了可回收的宇宙飛船上的一些部件，體現(xiàn)了環(huán)保意識，故選B。2What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?APut them off.BGive them away.CCarry them through.DTake them seriously.A解析：詞義猜測題。根據第一段的最后一句可推知，之前的列舉都可能被擱置下來，而去火星居住遲早會成為可能，故選A。3According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars?AThe great influence of Mars show home.BThe development of related technology.CThe petition from private panies.DThe popularity of influential books on Mars.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段的“The private panies participation has forced government agencies to up their game”可知，Petranek認為一些私人企業(yè)的參與促進了送人類去火星居住這一設想的進程，故選C。4What is the best title for the text?ALiving on Mars: Possible or NotBSending People to Mars: Yes or NoCFirst Ever Show Home: How Is It Made?DFuture Home on Mars: What Will It Be like?D解析：標題歸納題。根據全文的整體內容可推知，本文主要對人類未來在火星上居住作了相關介紹，故選D。二、語法填空。One day a young man was walking along the road when he heard a cry. It seemed _1_ (e) from underneath a bridge. As he approached the bridge, the sound got louder and then he saw _2_ pitiful sight. There, _3_ (lie) in the muddy riverbed, was a little dog about two months old, _4_ front legs were tightly tied with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.The young man wanted to help the dog, but as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started _5_ (gentle) talking to the dog. It took a long time but eventually the dog _6_ (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, cared _7_ its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of this, the dog was still _8_ (friend) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up. Weeks went by and the man continued _9_ (attend) to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail._10_ was consistent love and kindness that won a lifelong friendship of loyalty.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。一個年輕人在大橋下拯救了一只受傷被棄的狗，盡管小狗一開始不太友好，但他仍十分耐心地照顧它，最終小狗接納了他。這個故事告訴人們，只有始終如一的愛才能贏得終身忠誠的友誼。1to be ing考查非謂語動詞。句意：哀叫聲好像來自橋下面。seem to do sth. “似乎要做某事”。根據句意可知，聲音是正在傳過來，應用動詞不定式的進行時。故填to be ing。2a考查冠詞。sight是第一次出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，故填不定冠詞a，表泛指。3lying考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，這是一個there be句型。動詞lie與其邏輯主語dog之間是主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨。故填lying。4whose考查定語從句的引導詞。分析句子結構可知，關系詞引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞dog，且從句主語front legs與先行詞為所屬關系，故填whose。5gently考查詞性轉換。應用副詞修飾動詞短語，故填所給詞gentle的副詞形式gently。6stopped考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據上文提示詞took可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，故填動詞的過去式stopped。7for考查介詞。care for是固定搭配，意為“照顧”。故填介詞for。8unfriendly考查詞性轉換。根據前后語境，尤其是關鍵詞“even”和“still”可知，此處是表否定意義；be動詞后接形容詞，作表語。故填unfriendly，意為“不友好的”。9attending考查非謂語動詞。continue doing sth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事”，故填attending。10It考查強調句?！癐t is/was被強調部分that .”是強調句結構，故填it。三、完形填空。閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項。When my sister Diane began playing the violin，she was seven.How did she sound？Terrible.But she didnt _1_.At twelve，she asked our parents if she could _2_ a fulltime music school.They said no.Actually，everyone agreed that my sister_3_ talent.I was better at my _4_.My teacher had told my parents that I had great_5_.So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to _6_ me.But the only time he was _7_ was Saturday afternoons at 3 pm. Back then，I was _8_ about the British TV show“The Avengers”，which was_9_ every Saturday at 3 pm. I let nothing take up my “The Avengers”hour.So I _10_ this amazing opportunity.Today，I dont even have a_11_ in my house.My sister became an engineer，but she _12_ stopped making music.When she was in her 40s，she switched her _13_.She went back to college，got a(n)_14_ in music education，and became a music teacher.She starts kids off on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never _15_.Recently，she and a pianist pal put on a recital.A big crowd of friends and family _16_ for her.As she played，I looked around at the _17_.Everyone was _18_ enjoying the music.It occurred to me that I was the only person that remembered that 7yearold kid making those perfectly_19_ sounds and knew how far she had e，despite_20_.Talent is important.But enthusiasm is even more important.1A.advanceBquitCreflect Dlisten2A.inspect BopenCattend Dvisit3A.lacked BspottedCpossessed Dadmired4A.major BprojectCposition Dinstrument5A.patience BenthusiasmCpotential Dambition6A.train BexamineCcorrect Dchallenge7A.punctual BskillfulCoccupied Davailable8A.sensitive BcrazyCserious Dparticular9A.filmed BdesignedCaired Dmented10A.jumped at Bturned downCwaited for Dopened up11A.tutor BviolinCmusician Dpiano12A.never BonceCalready Deven13A.attitude BcareerCplan Dposition14A.scholarship BsponsorCdegree Dassistant15A.provided BimaginedCreceived Dexpected16A.voted BfearedCstayed up Dturned up17A.students BaudienceCspotlights Dplatform18A.obviously BdesperatelyCappropriately Danxiously19A.booming BpleasingCawful Dpowerful20A.everything BsomethingCeverybody Dsomebody【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，通過講述妹妹追求夢想的經歷告訴我們：天賦很重要，但更重要的是熱情。1B根據上文的“How did she sound？Terrible”可知，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了；結合本句的“But”表示的轉折意義可知，但她沒有放棄(quit)。2C根據上文可知，盡管妹妹的小提琴演奏得很糟糕，但是她仍不愿放棄；據此可以判斷，本句句意為：在十二歲時，她問父母她是否可以去全日制的音樂學校上學。attend school為固定搭配，意為“上學”。3A根據上文的“They said no”和父母沒有答應讓她去全日制音樂學校學習可以判斷，每個人都認為“我”的妹妹缺乏(lacked)天賦，故A項正確。4D根據本段第三句的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母為“我”找了當?shù)刈詈玫匿撉倮蠋熃獭拔摇睂W鋼琴；據此可以判斷，與妹妹相比，“我”更擅長“我”的樂器。5C根據下文的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母為“我”找了當?shù)刈詈玫匿撉倮蠋焷斫獭拔摇睂W鋼琴；據此可以判斷，老師告訴父母說“我”很有潛能(potential)。A項意為“耐心”，B項意為“熱情”，D項意為“抱負”，都與語境不符。6A參見上題解析。A項意為“培訓，教育”；B項意為“檢查”；C項意為“改正”；D項意為“挑戰(zhàn)”。7D根據語境可知，鋼琴老師只有每周六下午三點有空。D項意為“有空的”，符合語境，故D項正確。A項意為“準時的”，B項意為“技術好的”，C項意為“使用中”，都與語境不符。8B根據本句中的“about the British TV show”可判斷，“我”熱衷于一檔英國電視節(jié)目。be crazy about為固定搭配，意為“熱衷于”，故B項正確。A項意為“敏感的”，C項意為“嚴肅的”，D項意為“特別的，尤其的”，都與語境不符。9C根據該句中的“every Saturday at 3 pm.”可知，這檔英國電視節(jié)目在每周六的下午三點播放。air在本句中意為“播出，播送”，屬于熟詞生義，故C項正確。A項意為“拍電影”，B項意為“設計”，D項意為“評論”。10B根據上文的“I let nothing take up myThe Avengers hour”可知，“我”不讓任何事情占用“我”看這檔節(jié)目的時間，據此可以判斷，“我”拒絕了這一機會。B項意為“拒絕”，符合語境，故B項正確。A項意為“迫不及待地接受”，C項意為“等待，等候”，D項意為“打開；開發(fā)；展示”，都與語境不符。11D根據本段的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可以判斷，由于“我”拒絕了學鋼琴，所以現(xiàn)在家里甚至一臺鋼琴也沒有，故D項正確。12A根據空后兩句可知，“我”妹妹在四十幾歲時上大學學習音樂；據此可知，盡管“我”妹妹成了一名工程師，但是她從未(never)停止對音樂的追求，故A項正確。13B根據下文的“and became a music teacher”可知，在她四十幾歲時，她改變了職業(yè)(career)，從工程師成為一名音樂老師，故B項正確。A項意為“態(tài)度”，C項意為“計劃”，D項意為“地位；職位”，都與語境不符。14C根據句中的“She went back to college”和“and became a music teacher”可知，她重返大學學習音樂，并取得了音樂教育的學位(degree)，成了一名音樂老師。A項意為“獎學金”，B項意為“贊助人”，D項意為“助手”，都與語境不符。15C根據上文可知，“我”的父母認為妹妹沒有音樂天賦，拒絕了妹妹上全日制音樂學校的請求，據此可以判斷，妹妹做音樂老師時，給了孩子們她未曾得到(received)的鼓勵和支持。A項意為“提供”，B項意為“想象”，D項意為“期望”，都與語境不符。16D根據上文的“put on a recital”可知，妹妹和一位鋼琴家舉辦了一場演奏會；據此可以判斷，朋友和家人們都到場了。A項意為“投票”，B項意為“擔心，害怕”，C項意為“熬夜”，D項意為“到達，露面”。17B根據下文的“enjoying the music”可知，所有人都在欣賞妹妹演奏的音樂；據此可知，“我”環(huán)顧了四周的觀眾(audience)，故B項正確。A項意為“學生”，C項意為“聚光燈”，D項意為“平臺，講臺”。18A根據本句中的“enjoying the music”可知，很顯然(obviously)，所有人都在欣賞妹妹演奏的音樂。B項意為“極其”，C項意為“恰當?shù)亍保珼項意為“焦虛的；擔心的；著急地”，都與語境不符。19C根據上文的“How did she sound? Terrible”可知，七歲時，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了(awful)，故C項正確。A項意為“迅速發(fā)展的”，B項意為“令人愉快的”，D項意為“有力量的”，都與語境不符。20A根據本句中的“and knew how far she had e, despite”并結合上文可知，“我”想起了妹妹七歲時演奏小提琴的糟糕的聲音，只有“我”知道她不顧一切(everything)走了多遠。四、短文改錯。Time flies! This is a third year that I have been in this school. In the past two and a half years, our school had organized many activities. What impressed me most was an activity called “Learning to Farm”. In an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learnt to plant potatoes. Having been in the city for so a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside. After divided into three groups, we started to work. Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the hole, put the earth back and pushed them down hard. We continued doing that until all the work was done. Although we were exhausted, but we felt fulfilled on our way back home.答案：Time flies! This is third year that I have been in this school. In the past two and a half years, our school organized many activities. What impressed me most was an activity “Learning to Farm”. an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm we learnt to plant potatoes. Having been in the city for a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside. After divided into three groups, we started to work. Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the ， put the earth back and pushed down hard. We continued doing that until all the work was done. Although we were exhausted, we felt fulfilled on our way back home.難項分析：第二處：hadhas考查動詞的時態(tài)。當時間狀語為In the past . years時，句子通常用現(xiàn)在完成時。故had應改為has。第五處：which前加on或whichwhere考查定語從句。本句中，a farm之后的部分為定語從句，修飾先行詞farm，關系詞在從句中作狀語，表地點，應用關系副詞where；where也可以由on which代替。故which前加介詞on或者將which改為where。第十處：去掉but或butyet考查連詞。although與but不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個復合句中，但yet可以。故此處應去掉but或將but改為yet。五、七選五。