2018年中考英語真題分類匯編--閱讀理解--校園生活含解析

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2018 年中考英語真題分類匯編-- 閱讀理解--校園生活含解析專項訓(xùn)練五 校園生活時間：8～10 分鐘/篇 分值：2 分/小題Passage 1(2018 貴港)Mahalya Daye is a student in Grade 8 at Lamberton Middle School in Pennsylvania, US. Every afternoon at 2 o'clock, she runs to a store at her school, she is not running to buy snacks. Instead, she works as the storekeeper and helps count change(零錢) for customers.“I didn't know that it took so much work. I didn't do anything like this， ” Mahalya told The Sentinel, a local newspaper.In fact, she and another 11 students work as the storekeepers at Bison Bargains, the school's first student-run store. It started on February 22, and it opens each school day during break time from 2 to 2∶30 p．m. It mainly sells stationery and snacks.Through this, students see what a business is like. Christian Ilg, a 14-year-old student, was really surprised by how hard it was to not make mistakes and do the transactions(交易). “It's kind of a challenge to learn all the information on the stock(供應(yīng)物) lists and remember all the prices of the products， ” Christian told the newspaper.To help them learn about business, they took a class. The class taught students how to use money and some simple business rules.The school did a survey on what products students would buy from a school store. In the future, they plan to sell things made by the students themselves. For example, students can sell their homemade pencil boxes and phone cases.( )1. Mahalya runs to a store in her school to________．A. buy some snacks B. learn about customersC. work as the storekeeper D. learn about the information( )2. What does the underlined word “stationery” mean in Chinese?A. 文具 B. 餐具 C. 道具 D. 家具( )3. How long does Bison Bargains open each school day duringbreak time?A. 60 minutes. B. 50 minutes.C. 40 minutes. D. 30 minutes.( )4. The purpose of having a student-run store is to ________．A. teach students to learn from mistakesB. help students see what a business is likeC. sell more stationery and snacks to studentsD. start a class on how to use money in the store( )5. What is this passage mainly about?A. The school's new program, a student-run store.B. The results of a survey on the student-run store.C. The reasons of opening a student-run store.D. The rules of the student-run store.Passage 2(2018 麗水)A team is a group of people with a common goal. A school's football team has two goals. One goal is to win. That is what the team wants to do. The other goal is to build character. Character is what a person values, how a person gets along with others. That is why schools have football teams. They want to help students build good values.Each team member builds character. They learn to cooperate(合作). They learn to make good decisions. They work hard. They practice every day. They learn to follow the rules.Each team member has a position(位置). Each position is part of winning. No one player has the ability to win the game for the team. Only if the team works together does a team win. People often say, “There_is_no_I_in_TEAM.”Whether the team wins or loses, at the end of the game they congratulate the other team. That is called sportsmanship. While they fight to win during the game, it is just a game. They cannot be angry with the other team. If they are, they'll hear from their coach.__▲__ makes sure the team reaches the school's goal. The coach cares about the whole team. The coach gives each player advice. When the team wins, everyone celebrates. And the coach is glad. But after the season is over, the coach is still happy. The coach gets to see the players as they go to school every day. The character they have built is part of their success in school, too.Some coaches say that if you go into a classroom at their school you'll be able to tell the players. It is not that they are bigger than the other students. It is the ones who are helping other students work. Teamwork is part of their lives.( )1. Schools build football teams mainly to help students________．A. get good grades B. become leadersC. build good values D. improve football skills( )2. What does the underlined sentence “There is no I in TEAM.” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. I never take part in the game.B. I am not a member of the team.C. A famous star is the key to success.D. Teamwork comes first during the game.( )3. Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 5?A. The captain B. The coachC. The headmaster D. The monitor( )4. Some coaches think football players are different from others because they are ________．A. taller B. biggerC. more helpful D. more talentedPassage 3(2018 樂山)When we say a person blows his own trumpet(小號), we mean he talks a lot about his own achievements(成就). That expression usually shows disapproval(不贊成). But recently at a top private girls' school in Britain, students were encouraged to blow their own trumpet.Some excellent girls are under a great deal of pressure(壓力) and find it difficult to accept their success. The purpose of the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week was to help these students. “Some teenagers will continue to push themselves and never realise that they've done enough， ” said Ms. Hanbury, head of Wimbledon High School in London, “Without being able to accept when things have gone right, some girls might never be happy”．The school wanted to help the girls build an ability to get better from setbacks quickly, so they wouldn't think it was the end of the world if they didn't do well in an exam. In the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week, students were encouraged to talk about their experiences of success and failure. They were also asked to think carefully about their achievements in each subject during lessons, make videos and act out plays to tell the stories of success and failure in classes.Ms. Hanbury said she wanted her students to be confident in the things they're good at and to also know they're not good at everything. It was important for them to know their own strengths(長處) and weaknesses, she added. She also said girls needed to understand that being praised for achievements was quite different from showing off(炫耀)．( )1. If someone blows his own trumpet, he ________．A. likes playing musical instrumentB. always lies to people he doesn't likeC. likes talking about how successful he isD. always minds too much if others do something wrong( )2. The purpose of building up the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week was ________．A. to guide students how to manage their time wellB. to let students learn about the importance of winningC. to teach students how to praise themselves without being shyD. to help students deal with difficulties and accept their success( )3. If the girls didn't do well in an exam, the school wanted them to feel ________．A. sad and hopelessB. it was not the end of the worldC. they could do nothing but study harderD. it was necessary to always do better than others( )4. What does the underlined word “setbacks” mean in Chinese?A. 弱點 B. 吹噓 C. 病痛 D. 挫折( )5. Students at the school did all of the following in the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week EXCEPT ________．A. talking about their failuresB. making videos about their hobbiesC. thinking about the progress they've madeD. telling the stories of success and failure through plays, 小 詞 典)1．transaction n. 交易 2.stock n．供應(yīng)物3．cooperate v. 合作 4.position n. 位置5．trumpet n. 小號 6.achievement n. 成就7．disapproval n. 不贊成 8.pressure n. 壓力9．strength n. 長處 10.show off 炫耀 專項訓(xùn)練五 校園生活Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了 Mahalya 和其他11 名學(xué)生在學(xué)校商店工作的經(jīng)歷，這讓學(xué)生們對商業(yè)活動有了更深的了解。1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. APassage 2【主旨大意】本文為一篇議論文。作者通過介紹足球運動向我們闡述了團隊精神的重要性。1. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：學(xué)校組建足球隊主要是為了幫助學(xué)生們 。根據(jù)第一段第二至第五句“A school's football team has two goals.The other goal is to build character.”可知學(xué)校組建足球隊的目的有兩個，即贏得比賽和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生品質(zhì)，故選 C。2. D【解析】句意猜測題。題干意為：第三段中劃線句子“There is no I in TEAM.”是什么意思？由第三段第三、四句“No one player has the ability.Only if the team works together does a team win.”可知沒有一個運動員有獨自贏得比賽的能力，只有團隊協(xié)作才可能贏得(比賽) ，故劃線部分意為“在比賽中團隊合作是首要的” ，故選 D。3. B【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：下面哪一項能放在第五段空白處？根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知本段主要講的是教練在團隊合作中的作用，故選 B。4. C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：一些教練認(rèn)為足球運動員與其他人不同，是因為他們 。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句“It is not that they are bigger than the other students.It is the ones who are helping other students work.”可知足球運動員更懂得去幫助別人，故選 C。Passage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要圍繞 “Blow Your Own Trumpet(自吹自擂)”展開，以英國一所頂級私立女子學(xué)校為例介紹了這一活動，鼓勵學(xué)生說出自己取得的成功，借此來幫助她們建立從失敗或挫折中快速恢復(fù)的能力。1. C【 解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果有人自我吹噓，那么他。根據(jù)文中第一段第一句“.we mean he talks a lot about his own achievements(成就)． ”可知，他大肆談?wù)撟约旱某删汀９蔬x C。2. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：建立“自吹自擂”周的目的是。根據(jù)文中第二段第一、二句“Some excellent girls .The purpose of the ‘Blow Your Own Trumpet’ week was to help these students.”可知，有些優(yōu)秀的女生處于極大的壓力中，接受自己的成功是困難的，所以要建立“自吹自擂”周來幫助她們。故選 D。3. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果女孩們在考試中表現(xiàn)得不好，學(xué)校想要她們感覺。根據(jù)文中第三段第一句“The school wanted to help the girls build an ability to get better from setbacks quickly, so they wouldn't think it was the end of the world if they didn't do well in an exam.”可知，學(xué)校不希望她們認(rèn)為這是世界末日。故選 B。4. D【解析】詞義猜測題。題干意為：劃線單詞“setbacks ”的漢語意思是什么？根據(jù)單詞所在句子中的“.if they didn't do well in an exam.”可推知，它的意思是“挫折” 。故選 D。5. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在“自吹自擂”周中，學(xué)生們做了下面的事，除了。根據(jù)文中第三段第二句“In the ‘Blow Your Own Trumpet’ week, students were encouraged to talk about their experiences of success and failure.”可知 A 項是正確的；根據(jù)第三段最后一句“They were also asked to think carefully about their achievements in each subject during lessons, make videos and act out plays to tell the stories of success and failure in classes.”可知 C、D 是正確的。用排除法，故選 B。