高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 學(xué)通語(yǔ)法 第三講 介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)課件 北師大版

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1、介詞介詞用法用法示例示例at一般指在較小的地方一般指在較小的地方I met him at the shop.in一般指在較大的地方，一般指在較大的地方，或在某一范圍內(nèi)或在某一范圍內(nèi)They arrived in Beijing yesterday.Shandong Province lies in the east of China.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例on一般指在物體的表一般指在物體的表面，或相鄰并接壤面，或相鄰并接壤的兩個(gè)地域的兩個(gè)地域The picture is hanging on the wall.Vietnam is on the south of China.to表示某范圍外

2、不接表示某范圍外不接壤的兩位置壤的兩位置Jiangsu Province is to the southeast of Hebei Province. beside/by “在在的旁邊的旁邊”She was standing beside her mother.There is a small house by the river.near“接近；靠近接近；靠近”There is a supermarket near my home.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例between在兩者或每?jī)稍趦烧呋蛎績(jī)烧咧g者之間I sat down between Sue and Jane.among在三者或三者在

3、三者或三者以上之間以上之間The teacher was standing among the students.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例across從從的表面穿過(guò)的表面穿過(guò)He walked across the square to meet us.through從從的內(nèi)部穿過(guò)的內(nèi)部穿過(guò)The guide led us through the forest.over從從的上面跨過(guò)的上面跨過(guò)The thief jumped over the fence and fled away.past從從的旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)的旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)She walked past the shop.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例at表示

4、在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻表示在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻或重大節(jié)日或重大節(jié)日at 9：00; at noon; at daybreak; at Christmasin表示在某個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)，表示在某個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)，如世紀(jì)、朝代或年月；泛如世紀(jì)、朝代或年月；泛指的上午、下午、傍晚指的上午、下午、傍晚in the 21st century; in September; in the morningon表示在具體某一天或具體表示在具體某一天或具體某一天的上午、下午、晚某一天的上午、下午、晚上上on 2nd, September; on the morning of 1st, May介詞介詞用法用法示例示例for“f

5、or時(shí)間段時(shí)間段”意為意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，表示動(dòng)，表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短，一作持續(xù)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短，一般作完成時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)或般作完成時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)He has lived in the small village for five years.I studied in Peking University for 4 years.since“since時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”意為意為“自從自從(過(guò)去某時(shí)過(guò)去某時(shí))以來(lái)以來(lái)”，作完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)He has worked in this company since graduation.Tom has been

6、doing his homework since 7 oclock.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例by“by名詞名詞”表示交表示交通方式時(shí)，名詞前不通方式時(shí)，名詞前不加冠詞加冠詞My brother usually goes to school by bike.in/onin/on后的名詞必須有后的名詞必須有冠詞或代詞等修飾冠詞或代詞等修飾My father often goes to work in his car/on his bicycle.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例by指指“靠靠手段，手段，用用方法，憑方法，憑借借”，后可接名詞、，后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞代詞或動(dòng)名詞He made a liv

7、ing by selling newspapers when he was young.in多用于表示語(yǔ)言、材料多用于表示語(yǔ)言、材料的名詞前的名詞前All the applicants are required to fill in the form in ink.with多用于表示有形的工具多用于表示有形的工具或身體器官的名詞前或身體器官的名詞前They are busy digging with spades.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例except表示表示“除除之外之外(其其他的都他的都)”，其后的賓，其后的賓語(yǔ)是被排除在外的，語(yǔ)是被排除在外的，側(cè)重同類事物的排除側(cè)重同類事物的排除All m

8、y friends took part in the party except John.except for其后被排除的內(nèi)容與其后被排除的內(nèi)容與主語(yǔ)往往不是同一類主語(yǔ)往往不是同一類的的His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.besides表示表示“除除之外之外(其其他的也他的也)”，其后的賓，其后的賓語(yǔ)是被包括在內(nèi)的語(yǔ)是被包括在內(nèi)的He has learned German, French besides English.含義含義示例示例(表示態(tài)度表示態(tài)度)反對(duì)反對(duì)An agreement seems to be

9、impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.(表示對(duì)比表示對(duì)比)以以為背景為背景The skiers red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.(表示方位表示方位)倚靠著倚靠著The girl was leaning against the wall with her arms folded.含義含義示例示例(表示位置表示位置)在在另一另一邊，在邊，在更遠(yuǎn)處更遠(yuǎn)處The small village is 20 miles beyond the

10、town.(表示時(shí)間表示時(shí)間)晚于晚于He delayed the matter beyond the fixed time.(表示程度表示程度)超出，超出，非非所能及所能及To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.含義含義示例示例(表示方位表示方位)越過(guò)越過(guò)The airplane flew over the mountains and disappeared in the distance.(表示等級(jí)或數(shù)目表示等級(jí)或數(shù)目)高于，高于，在在之上，超過(guò)之上

11、，超過(guò)He has got the job because he has the advantage over others of knowing many languages.(表示時(shí)間或過(guò)程表示時(shí)間或過(guò)程)在在期間期間Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy over the past couple of weeks.含義含義示例示例(表示方向、距離表示方向、距離)到，向，去到，向，去It was on the way to the railway station.(表示時(shí)間表示時(shí)間)直到直到為止，到為止，到He wakes at

12、 a quarter to six every morning.(表示比較、比例、參照表示比較、比例、參照)與與相比，相對(duì)于相比，相對(duì)于而言而言I prefer oranges to apples.(表示對(duì)象關(guān)系表示對(duì)象關(guān)系)屬于，對(duì)，給屬于，對(duì)，給The hospital is attached to the university.達(dá)到達(dá)到(某一點(diǎn)或某個(gè)限度某一點(diǎn)或某個(gè)限度)Temperatures dropped to 25 degrees below zero.含義含義示例示例在在下面，在下面，在之下之下She placed the ladder under the window.在在過(guò)

13、程中過(guò)程中The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion.(數(shù)字、數(shù)量、年齡或價(jià)格數(shù)字、數(shù)量、年齡或價(jià)格)低于，少于，在低于，少于，在以下以下These toys are not suitable for children under five.受受影響影響Shes been under a lot of pressure at work.含義含義示例示例和和一起，和，一起，和，同，跟同，跟Would you like to go shopping with me？(表示同時(shí)或同一方表示同時(shí)或同一方向向)隨著隨

14、著With time going by, the little tree has grown up.具有，帶有具有，帶有The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money with me.由于，因?yàn)橛捎?，因?yàn)镠e trembled with fear.(表示方式表示方式)用用He cut it with a knife.典題精選典題精選我來(lái)改正我來(lái)改正常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)典題精選典題精選我來(lái)改正我來(lái)改正常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)典題精選典題精選我來(lái)改正我來(lái)改正常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)典題精選典題精選我來(lái)改正我來(lái)改正常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)典題精選典題精選我來(lái)改正我來(lái)改正常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)典題精選典題精選我來(lái)改正我來(lái)改正常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)常設(shè)誤點(diǎn)