（新教材）2021-2022學年上學期高二寒假鞏固練習5 表語從句 學生版

表語從旬練習5知識梳理表語從句放在連系動詞之后，充當復合句中的表語。表語從句就是指一個句子作為表語，說明主語是什么或者怎么樣。一般結構為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”。可接表語從句的連系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。1. 從屬連詞that引導的表語從句從屬連詞that的用法：無意義；不充當成分不可省略The reason for his absence is that he hasn't been informed.他缺席的原因是他沒接到通知。2. 從屬連詞whether引導的表語從句The point is whether we should lend him the money.關鍵在于我們是否應該借錢給他。3. 連接代詞和連接副詞引導的表語從句The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.問題是誰才真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。This is what I am interested in.這就是我所感興趣的。4. because, as if/though等引導的表語從句It's just because he doesn't know her.這僅僅是因為他不認識她。Now it seems as though she had known Millie for years.現(xiàn)在好像她認識米莉己有好多年了似的。5. why和because引導的表語從句的區(qū)別That's why.意為“那是的原因"，強調(diào)結果That's because.意為“那是因為”，強調(diào)原因I didn't phone her, and that's why she got angry with me.（強調(diào)"沒打電話"這一結果）（1）介紹垃圾污染的現(xiàn)狀；（2）提出減少垃圾污染的措施（不少于兩點）；（3）談談你對減少垃圾污染的看法。第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關鍵詞（組）,如：a great deal of （大量的）,garbage pollution （垃圾污染），be surrounded by （被包圍），be supposed to （應該）；economize （節(jié)約）；the amount of（的數(shù)量）等。第3步：根據(jù)提示及關鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當?shù)倪B詞進行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。本文內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當。另外全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。范文內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當。作者在范文中使用了較多高級表達方式，如The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now beingsurrounded by garbage and people arc suffering from the consequences of it.運用了 結果狀語從句；Second, we should sort the garbage properly so that they can be treated easily and differently.運用 了 目的狀語從句。全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、層次分明，上下句轉換自然，為文章增色添彩。我沒有給她打電話。那就是她對我生氣的原因。I didn't phone her, and that's because I got angry with her.（強調(diào)"生氣”這一原因）我沒有給她打電話。那是因為我生她的氣了。6. 表培從句中的虛擬語氣在表語從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是：advice,suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea 等,從句謂語形式是 should + 動詞原形"（should 可以省略）。My advice is that you （should） practise speaking English as often as possible.我的建議是你應該盡可能經(jīng)常地練習說英語。練習：1. Although a number of tombs have survived with little damage, the truth isall havesuffered at least some harm from centuries of rain,war,fire and theft.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）2. You have made great progress in English. This is you have improved your studyingmethods.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）3. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this isI disagree.（按要求*卜全句子）4. The reason why he was sent to the hospital washe was ill.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）5. The beautiful view of the city isattracts me most,（用適當?shù)膯卧~填空）6. The problem with building the factory iswe don't have enough money.（用適當?shù)膯卧~填空）7. Pressure isyou feel when you arc worried or uncomfortable about something.（用適當?shù)膯卧~填空）8. It seemsmost houses have been destroyed by the storm.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）9. One reason why there are so many French words in English isthe French ruled England forquite a number of years.（用適當?shù)膯卧~填空）10. But it seemsmany people don't cook fish at home.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）【答案】1. that 2. because 3. where 4. that 5. what6. that 7. what 8. that 9. that 10. that【解析】1.考查表語從句連接詞。句意：盡管有一些墓穴沒有受到什么破壞，但事實是，這些墓穴都受到了至少幾個世紀以來的雨水、戰(zhàn)爭、火災和盜竊的侵害。分析句子結構可知，the truthis后連接一個表語從句，從句中不缺少成分且句意也完整，因此表語從句用連接詞that引導。故填 that o2. 考查表語從句連接詞。句意：你在英語方面已經(jīng)取得很大的進步。這是因為你改進了你的學習方法。分析句子可知，空格所在句為表語從句，This指代前文的"You have made great progressin English", “英語進步很大”的原因是“你改進了你的學習方法”，故應用because來引導從句,意為“因為”,"This is because."意為“這是因為”，符合句意。故填becauseo3. 考查表語從句。句意：你可以說每個人都應該是平等的，這正是我不同意你的地方。 I disagree.是一個表語從句，在從句中缺少地點狀語，應用where引導。故填where o4. 考查表語從句。句意：他被送到醫(yī)院的原因是他病了。分析句子可知，句子為表語從句，空格處單詞用來引導從句，從句中不缺成分且意義完整，故應用that引導從句，只起連接作用，構成 uThe reason.was that.意為“ 的原因是 ”。故填 that。5. 考查表語從句。句意：這座城市的美麗景色最吸引我。分析句子可知，句子為表語從句，空格處單詞引導表語從句，從句中缺主語，指代句中的“這座城市的美麗景色”，為物，故應用what引導表語從句。故填whato6. 考查表語從句的引導詞。句意：建工廠的問題是我們沒有足夠的錢。設空處引導句子在句子中作表語，從句表達完整的意思，不缺成分。故答案為that。7. 考查表語從句。句意：壓力就是當你擔心或不舒服的時候的感覺。分析可知空格所在的句子是一個表語從句且缺少主語，故用連接代詞，此處指你所感覺到的東西。故答案為what。8. 考查表語從句。句意：看來大多數(shù)房屋都被暴風雨毀壞了。分析句子結構，seems為系動詞，設空處引導表語從句，從句不缺成分，需用連接詞that引導。故填thato9. 考查表語從句。句意：英語中有這么多法語單詞的一個原因是法國人統(tǒng)治了英國很長一段時間。此處放在系動詞is后面為句法完整的句子，用that引導表語從句。故填thato10. 考查表語從句。句意：但是似乎很多人不在家做魚。從句位于系動詞seem "似乎”后，是表語從句，從句中句意完整，用that引導表語從句。故填thato寒假集訓.（45分鐘）。鞏固集訓單詞默背1. Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amount in the diet for the n（正常的）growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）2. Water is e（維持生命必需的）for all known forms of life.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）3. The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we need to（處理）them soon.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）4. Genes determine the（特征）of every living thing.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）5. He lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to（克服）his handicap.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）6. It will also help people to use their 1（休閑）time well.（根據(jù)漢語意思單詞拼寫）7. The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of（化學制劑）in agriculture.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）8. Most authorities agree that play is an（至關重要的）part of a child's development.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）9. The plan received（廣泛的）support throughout the country.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）10. You cannot a （彳畏定）that a speaker of English is qualified to teach English forgranted.（根據(jù)漢語意思填空）閱讀理解Ninety-seven percent of Earth's water is ocean. No blue, no green. If you think the ocean isn'timportant, imagine Earth without it. Fifty years ago, when 1 began exploring the ocean, no one realizedthat we human being could do anything to harm the ocean.For me, as a woman scientist, it all began in 1953 when I first tried diving. In 1979, by using asubmersible, I had a chance to reach the ocean floor which was six miles offshore and 1,250 feet down.Since then, Tve used about 30 kinds of submarines. We need new deep-diving submersible. We need tosee the undersea mountains and understand life in the deep sea. Exploring and protecting the wildocean is my big wish.What's worrying us is that an icc free Arctic Ocean may happen in this century. That's bad news forthe polar bears. Additional CO2 is not only driving global warming, but also changing ocean chemistry,making the sea more acidic. That's bad news for coral reefs and oxygen-producing plankton. Actually,nearly half of the coral reefs have disappeared. We're putting hundreds of millions of tons of plasticand other rubbish into the sea. We're blocking the ocean, poisoning the planet's circulatory system.Most of the turtles, sharks, tunas and whales are way down in numbers. All of these arc part of our lifesupport system.Health to the ocean means health for us. I wish we would use all means一films, explorations, theweb, new submarinesand campaign to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas. My wish isa big wish, but if we can make it happen, it can truly save and restore the ocean, the blue heart of theplanet. For the children of today, for tomoiTOw's children: as never again, now is the time.11. Why docs the writer say "No blue, no green." in the first paragraph?A. To tell us the colors of the earth. B. To refer to the ocean and the landC. To show the importance of ocean. D. To encourage us to explore the ocean.12. What should we do to protect the ocean according to the text?A. Make joint efforts B. Save life support system.C. Encourage children to take action. D. Explore the ocean by new technology.13. What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Means. B. Campaign. C. Public support. D. Wish.14. What's the writer's attitude towards the current situation of the ocean?A. Negative. B. Concerned. C. Uncertain. D. Indifferent.七選五Tips for Cutting the Cost of TravelWhether for pleasure or business reasons, it is normal for us to sometimes want to pack our bags,hit the road, and head to a new destination. 15 , it is not without its expenses and those expensesare capable of drilling a hole in one's pocket if not properly planned out beforehand. Below are severaltips to ensure you don't end up too much out of pocket by the end of your travels. 16 . More often than not, people go directly to the airline websites to book their tickets. Butdid you know that there are so many websites, like Traveligo, which specialize in finding cheap flightsfor travelers? This is a great go-to website whenever you want to book your flight.Choose a cheaper means of transportation. While everyone likes to fly to their travel destinationfbr ease and speed, flying isn't the only transport option available. Depending on where you're livingand where you*re headed, you can always select public transport. 17 .Don't use hotels. 18 By using Airbnb or any of its popular competitors, travelers have theopportunity to not only live like locals but also spend far less.Use a travel credit card. When you apply fbr these cards, you can control opportunities likesigning-up bonuses(紅利)，most of which are offered by airline credit cards. 19 You can saveyourself a lot of money by way of extra miles, whenever you're ready to hit the road.A. Save on airfareB. Surf the website for ticketsC. While traveling is an exciting experienceD. These bonus points can help you increase a lot of milesE. Staying at someone's house can be cheaper than booking a hotelF. So research whafs available and choose the best option fbr your budgetG. If you're a budget sensible traveler looking to reduce the travel costs寫作(提綱類)假定你晨光中學的李津。你校的英文社團正在舉辦"How can vve reduce garbage pollutionM的征文活動。請根據(jù)以下提示，用英文寫一篇短文投稿。(1) 介紹垃圾污染的現(xiàn)狀；(2) 提出減少垃圾污染的措施(不少于兩點)；(3) 談談你對減少垃圾污染的看法。注意：(1)詞數(shù)不少于100；可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；How can we reduce garbage pollution參考答案o鞏固集訓單詞默背【答案】1. normal 2. essential 3. tackle 4. characteristics 5. overcome6. leisure 7. chemicals 8. essential 9. widespread 10. assume【解析】1.考查形容詞。句意：維生素是一種有機化合物，在日常飲食中小劑量對于動物的正常生長和維持生命是必需的，包括人類。該空修飾名詞growth,用形容詞，所以填normalo2. 考查形容詞。句意：水對所有己知的生命形式都是必不可少的。根據(jù)漢語意思“維持生命必需的”可知應填形容詞essential,作表語。故填essential<>3. 考查動詞。句意：問題不嚴重，不過我們還是需要盡快處理。根據(jù)漢語意思“處理”可知應填動詞tackle,且上文為短語need to do sth.,可知應填動詞原形。故填tackleo4. 考查名詞。句意：基因決定每個生物的特征。在定冠詞the后應是名詞；根據(jù)漢語意思；應是名詞characteristic； “每個生物的特征”應是指多種特征，characteristic應用復數(shù)形式。故填characteristics o5. 考查動詞。句意：他10歲時失去了一條腿，但學會了戰(zhàn)勝自己的殘疾。根據(jù)漢語意思“克服”可知應填動詞overcome,且上文為短語learn to do sth.,可知應填動詞原形。故填overcomeo6. 考查形容詞。句意：它也將幫助人們更好地利用他們的閑暇時間。該空修飾名詞time,用形容詞，所以填leisureo7. 考查名詞。句意：整個食物鏈都受到農(nóng)業(yè)中過度使用化學制劑的影響。在介詞M后應是名詞；根據(jù)漢語意思，應是名詞chemical；根據(jù)生活常識，應是指多種化學制劑，chemical應用復數(shù)形式。故填 chemicals o8. 考查形容詞。句意：大多數(shù)權威人士認為玩耍是孩子成長的一個至關重要的部分。根據(jù)漢語意思“至關重要的”可知應填形容詞essential，修飾后文名詞part,作定語。故填essential。9. 考查形容詞。句意：這項計劃得到了全國的廣泛的支持。根據(jù)漢語意思“廣泛的”可知應填形容詞widespread，修飾后文名詞support，作定語。故填widespreado10. 考查動詞。句意：你不能想當然地認為會說英語的人就有資格教英語。在情態(tài)動詞cannot后應該接動詞原形；根據(jù)所給漢語意思應該是動詞assumeo故填assumeo閱讀理解【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文中強調(diào)了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人類的破壞，作者認為海洋的健康意味著我們的健康，我們應該共同努力保護海洋。11. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中 Ninety-seven percent of Earth's water is ocean. No blue, no green. Ifyou think （he ocean isn't important, imagine Earth without it.（地球上 97%的水是海洋。沒有海洋,就沒有綠色。如果你認為海洋不重要，想象一下沒有海洋的地球）”可推知，作者在第一段說"No blue,No green."是為了顯示海洋的重要性。故選C。12. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“I wish we would use all meansfilms, explorations, the web, newsubmarines一and campaign to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas.（我希望我們能利用一切手段電影、探險、網(wǎng)絡、新潛艇和運動來激發(fā)公眾對海洋保護區(qū)的支持）”可知，我們應該通過共同努力來保護海洋。故選A。13. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“I wish we would use ail meansfilms, explorations, the web, newsubmarinesand campaign to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas.（我希望我們能利用一切手段一電影、探險、網(wǎng)絡、新潛艇和運動來激發(fā)公眾對海洋保護區(qū)的支持）”以及畫線詞所在句 “My wish is a big wish, but if we can make it happen, it can truly save and restore theocean”可知，作者認為自己的愿望是一個很大的愿望，但如果我們能實現(xiàn)它，這個愿望就能真正拯救和恢復海洋。故it指的是“愿望”。故選D。14. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Health to the ocean means health for us.（海洋的健康意味著我們的健康）”以及"For the children of today, for tomorrow's children: as never again, now is thetime.（為了今天的孩子，也為了明天的孩子：永遠不要再這樣了，現(xiàn)在是時候采取行動了）”結合作者在文中強調(diào)了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人類的破壞，作者認為海洋的健康意味著我們的健康，我們應該共同努力保護海洋?？赏浦?，作者對海洋現(xiàn)狀持關心態(tài)度。故選B。七選五【答案】15.C16. A 17. F 18. E 19. D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了減少旅行費用的一些小貼士。15. 根據(jù)下文 “it is not without its expenses and those expenses are capable of drilling a hole in one'spocket if nol properly planned out beforehand.（它不是沒有費用，如果沒有事先妥善計劃，這些費用有能力在一個人的口袋掏出一個洞。）”可知，此處與下文形成轉折關系，內(nèi)容與旅行有關，選項C中連詞While表示轉折，因此選項C "While traveling is an exciting experience （雖然旅行是一種令人興奮的經(jīng)驗）”符合題意。故選C。16. 根據(jù)下文"But did you know that there are so many websites, like Traveligo, which specialize infinding cheap flights for travelers?（但是你知道有很多像Traveligo這樣專門為旅行者尋找便宜機票的網(wǎng)站嗎？）”可知，此處是本段的小標題，內(nèi)容與節(jié)省機票錢有關，選項A "Save on airfare （節(jié)省機票）”符合題意。故選A。17. 根據(jù)上文 “ While everyone likes to fly to their travel destination fbr ease and speed, flying isn't theonly transport option available. Depending on where you're living and where you're headed, you canalways select public transport.（雖然每個人因為方便和快速都喜歡坐飛機去他們的旅行目的地，但飛機并不是唯一的交通選擇。根據(jù)你住的哪里和你要去哪里，你總可以選擇公共交通。）"可知，此處內(nèi)容與選擇合適的交通工具有關,選項F "So research what's available and choose the bestoption for your budget （所以，研究一下什么是可用的，然后根據(jù)你的預算選擇最好的選擇。）”符合題意。故選F。18. 根據(jù)本段小標題"Don't use hotels.n 和下文 utravelers have the opportunity to not only live likelocals but also spend far less （旅行者不僅有機會像當?shù)厝艘粯由?，而且花費也少得多）”可知，此處內(nèi)容與住當?shù)厝说募依锟赡鼙茸【频昊ㄙM少有關，選項E Staying at someone's house can becheaper than booking a hotel （ft在別人家里可能比預訂酒店便宜。）”符合題意。故選E。19. 才艮據(jù)上文"When you apply for these cards, you can control opportunities like signing-upbonuses（紅利）,most of which are offered by airline credit cards.（當你申請這些卡時，你可以"機會得到如注冊紅利，其中大部分是由航空公司的信用卡提供的。）”可知，此處內(nèi)容與紅利積分的用處有關，選項 D “These bonus points can help you increase a lot of miles （這些額外的紅利積分可以幫助你增加很多里程。）”符合題意。故選D。寫作（提綱類）【答案】At present, a great deal of garbage is being produced every day. The problem of garbage pollutionis getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage and peopleare suffering from the consequences of it.To solve the problem of garbage pollution, we are supposed to take some effective measures. First,we should economize on resources so as to reduce the amount of garbage. Second, we should sort thegarbage properly so that they can be treated easily and differently. Third, reusable garbage should berecycled as much as possible.In my opinion, it is everyone's responsibility to reduce garbage pollution. Only if we worktogether to reduce garbage pollution can we live in a better environment and leave a more beautifulworld for future generations.【解析】這是一篇說明文寫作。第1步：根據(jù)提示可知，本篇為寫一篇短文：假定你晨光中學的李津。你校的英文社團正在舉辦“How can we reduce garbage pollutionn的征文活動。請根據(jù)以下提示，用英文寫一篇短文投稿。