2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪核心考點(diǎn)探究與練習(xí) 教材復(fù)習(xí)篇 Unit 5 The power of nature（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc

《2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪核心考點(diǎn)探究與練習(xí) 教材復(fù)習(xí)篇 Unit 5 The power of nature（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc》由會(huì)員分享，可在線(xiàn)閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪核心考點(diǎn)探究與練習(xí) 教材復(fù)習(xí)篇 Unit 5 The power of nature（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc（11頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

Unit 5　The power of nature 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 3-D printers 1.　　　　　　　　　(be) around us for some time.There is a lot you can do and imagine with a 3-D printer.Now add “building a house in a day” 2.　　　　　　 the list. A pany in China has 3.　　　　　　　(recent) used 3-D printers to make ten full-size houses in just 24 hours.And each of the houses covers an area of 200 square meters.These houses are printed with special “ink”4. has been made from industrial construction waste.The using of cheap material makes 5.　　　　　　 possible to print each house under $5,000.The CEO of the pany says,“They are both environmentally 6.　　　　　　　(friend) and cost-effective.”He plans to set up 100 recycling factories across China and continue 7.　　　　　　　(change) waste into cost-effective “ink” for 3-D printers.He also hopes his printers can be used to build tall 8.(build).However,at present,multi-storey 3-D printed buildings are not allowed in China.So it’s impossible that the 3-D printing technology will be 9.　　　　　　(wide) used to build homes any time soon.Maybe there is still 10.　　　　　　 long way to go. 答案 1.have been　2.to　3.recently　4.that/which　5.it 6.friendly　7.changing/to change　8.buildings　9.widely 10.a (對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P154) appoint vt.任命，委派；指定；約定 (1)appoint sb.as/to be...任命某人為…… appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事 appoint a time/place for為……約定時(shí)間/地點(diǎn) (2)appointment n．任命；約會(huì) make/have/fix an appointment with sb.與某人預(yù)約 keep/break an appointment 守/違(失)約 ①(教材原句)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago. 二十年前我被任命為火山學(xué)家，為夏威夷火山天文臺(tái)工作。 ②The time __appointed__ (appoint) for the meeting was 10：30 am. 規(guī)定開(kāi)會(huì)的時(shí)間是上午10點(diǎn)30分。 ③Tom and John had made an __appointment__ (appoint) with the manager.Tom had arrived at the __appointed__ (appoint) time，while John had broken the __appointment__ (appoint) for some reason.Later，Tom __was appointed__ (appoint) as/to be a sales director. 湯姆和約翰與經(jīng)理做好了約定。湯姆在定好的時(shí)間到達(dá)；而約翰卻由于某種原因失約。后來(lái)湯姆被任命為銷(xiāo)售部經(jīng)理。 suit n．一套外衣；套裝vt. 適合；使適宜 (1)suit sb.適合某人 suit one’s needs 適合需要 (2)a suit of clothes 一套衣服 (3)suitable adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?；相配? be suitable for sb./sth.適合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth.適合做某事 ①(教材原句)We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves. 我們都穿著白色的防護(hù)服遮住全身，戴上了頭盔和特別的手套，還穿了一雙大靴子。 ②It was really difficult to find a __suitable__ (suit) job，but I was lucky to get one because the manager thought I was suitable __for__ the work.I went to buy a black suit to wear in the office.But when I arrived at the office，the manager said the color __didn’t suit__ (not suit) me.How disappointed I was. 找到一份合適的工作的確是很難，但我很幸運(yùn)的找到了，因?yàn)榻?jīng)理認(rèn)為我適合這種工作。我去買(mǎi)了一套黑色的衣服在辦公室里穿。但當(dāng)我到了辦公室的時(shí)候，經(jīng)理說(shuō)這種顏色不適合我。我是多么失望呀！ ③(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)If not，let me know what time __suits__ (suit)you best. 如果不行的話(huà)，請(qǐng)讓我知道什么時(shí)候最適合你。 effort n．努力；努力的成果，成就 make an effort/efforts(to do sth.)努力(做某事) make every effort 盡一切努力 spare no effort 不遺余力 with(an)effort 費(fèi)力地；使勁地 without effort 毫不費(fèi)力地 in an effort/efforts to do sth.努力做某事 ①I(mǎi) know you don’t like her，but you could make an effort __to be__ (be)polite. 我知道你不喜歡她，但你要盡量禮貌些。 ②They’ve been working day and night __in__ an effort to get the bridge ready on time. 為了使橋能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完工，他們一直夜以繼日地工作。 ③Despite all our __efforts__ (effort) we still lost the game. 盡管我們盡了全力，我們還是輸?shù)袅吮荣悺? panic n．驚慌，恐慌vi.驚慌vt.使恐慌 (1) (2) ①(教材原句)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic. 我非常緊張，不得不強(qiáng)迫自己不要驚慌。 ②The whole nation is __in__ a state of panic following the attacks. 襲擊過(guò)后整個(gè)國(guó)家一片恐慌。 ③The audience were thrown __into__ a panic when the fire started. 當(dāng)起火時(shí)觀眾頓時(shí)陷入了一片慌亂中。 guarantee vt.保證；擔(dān)保n.保證；保證書(shū) (1)guarantee against(from) 保證……不…… guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.向某人保證某事 guarantee to do sth.保證做某事 be guaranteed to do 肯定會(huì)做……，必定會(huì)做…… guarantee sth.(to be)．..保證某物是…… guarantee that...保證…… (2)under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi) give sb.a guarantee(that) 向某人保證…… ①(教材原句)Take this opportunity，and I guarantee you won’t regret it. 抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)吧，我保證你不會(huì)后悔的。 ②If you yell at him，he’s guaranteed __to do__ (do) the opposite of what you want. 如果你向他大喊大叫，他肯定會(huì)跟你對(duì)著干。 ③The car is less than a year old，so it is still __under__ guarantee. 這輛車(chē)還不到一年，因此還在保修期內(nèi)。 ④單句語(yǔ)法填空(2017江蘇卷)__To guarantee__ (guarantee) its economic growth, China needs to deal with the population issue properly, as its workers are getting older. 【七選五】 ing facetoface with your inadequacies(缺點(diǎn))can be painful，to say the least.__1__ It even makes you question yourself.Your kneejerk reaction may be to get defensive or even dismiss the critique entirely.But handling negative feedback with grace will not only make you look gracious，but it could ultimately help you grow as a person.Heres how to do it. 1．Be objective about the criticism Before you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other persons opinion，take a step back and look at it objectively. Next time you get a bad review，dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate.__2__ 2．Avoid unnecessary conflict If you decide that the point is valid，it may be hard to take.In your disfort，you may feel the urge to criticize the other person angrily and defend yourself.__3__ 3．Be open to the idea of change __4__ And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most. 4．Ask questions If youre open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement，you will likely need more information.__5__ Your emotions will be running high，and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information.However，when you feel ready，it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you.Even if you dont agree with their advice，thank them and promise to consider it. A．Most of us are pretty stubborn. B．There is no doubt that change is necessary. C．But its best to avoid getting into an argument. D．Being sensitive to criticism leads you nowhere. E．It challenges the way you believe people see you. F．Give yourself a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it. G．The initial moment you hear it may not be the best time to ask for more details. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】聽(tīng)到別人對(duì)你的批評(píng)也許會(huì)很痛苦，但是如果優(yōu)雅地處理這些問(wèn)題，自己將變得更好。 1．E　根據(jù)空后一句話(huà)可知，空處與下一句是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，E項(xiàng)“這會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)你認(rèn)為別人看待你的方式”，所以E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 2．F　根據(jù)空前的“dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate”可知，空處應(yīng)講給自己一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)真正吸收這些信息并對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)估。故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 3．C　根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Avoid unnecessary conflict”可知，C項(xiàng)“但是最好避免陷入爭(zhēng)吵”符合語(yǔ)境。 4．A　根據(jù)空后的“And it may be because of a concept called‘cognitive dissonance’ that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most”及本段小標(biāo)題可知，A項(xiàng)“我們大部分人都很倔強(qiáng)”符合語(yǔ)境。 5．G　根據(jù)空后的“Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information”并結(jié)合上文可知，空處應(yīng)講最開(kāi)始聽(tīng)到批評(píng)時(shí)不適合問(wèn)更多的細(xì)節(jié)，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 make one’s way 前往；獲得成功 fight one’s way 奮力前進(jìn) feel one’s way 摸索前進(jìn) force one’s way 強(qiáng)行前進(jìn)；擠出去 push one’s way 擠出來(lái) take/go one’s way 我行我素 wind one’s way 蜿蜒前進(jìn) make way for 為……讓路 lead the way 領(lǐng)路 ①(教材原句)It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre. 穿著這些衣服走起路來(lái)實(shí)在不容易，但我們還是緩緩?fù)鹕娇诘倪吘壸呷ィ⑶蚁蛳驴吹搅思t紅的沸騰的中央。 ②I’m glad that he __makes__ (make) his way in his career. 我很高興他在事業(yè)上有所進(jìn)步． ③__Having felt__ (feel) his way through the forest，he __lost__ (lose) his way back home，only to find a river __winding__ (wind) its way down the hill. 摸索著穿過(guò)森林，他迷失了回家的路，僅發(fā)現(xiàn)一條小溪沿著山坡蜿蜒流下來(lái)。 vary from...to...由……到……不等 (1)vary in sth.(大小、形狀等)不同；有別 vary with 隨……變化；改變 vary between...and...從……到……轉(zhuǎn)變 (2)various adj.各種各樣的；多姿多彩的 (3)variety n．種種；多樣化 a variety of 種種 ①(教材原句)The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. 這里地面的高度由海拔700米到2000多米不等，是多種多樣的珍稀動(dòng)植物的生長(zhǎng)地。 ②People vary very much __in__ their ideas. 人們?cè)谟^念方面大不相同。 ③The color of the leaves __varies__ (vary) with weather. 葉子的顏色隨著天氣而變化。 【短文改錯(cuò)】 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2018濰坊市高考模擬考試) Dear Sir/Madam， I have received the sneakers that I buy from your online shop.With the excitement，I unwrapped the package but found something wrong with them.So I’m writing to inform you the problems. First，the color of the sneakers that I want are red instead of black.Second，size 41 is too large for them.That annoys me most is that there are several little stain on one of the sneakers.They really look awfully.If putting in my situation，how would you feel? Id like to change this pair for a new one and give me the money back. Looking forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours， Lin Ming 【答案】 Dear Sir/Madam， I have received the sneakers that I from your online shop.With excitement，I unwrapped the package but found something wrong with them.So I’m writing to inform you the problems. First，the color of the sneakers that I want red instead of black.Second，size 41 is too large for . annoys me most is that there are several little on one of the sneakers.They really look .If in my situation，how would you feel? Id like to change this pair for a new one give me the money back. Looking forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours， Lin Ming 第一處：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“I have received”可知，此處表示過(guò)去的事情，因此應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。 第二處：考查固定搭配。with excitement是固定搭配，意為“懷著激動(dòng)的心情”。 第三處：考查固定搭配。inform sb.of/about sth.是固定搭配，意為“通知某人某事”。 第四處：考查主謂一致。本句中，主語(yǔ)“the color of the sneakers that I want”的中心詞是“color”，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。 第五處：考查代詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋是“我”買(mǎi)的，所以應(yīng)是對(duì)于“我”來(lái)說(shuō)41號(hào)太大了。 第六處：考查連詞。that雖然能夠引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，但不能在從句中充當(dāng)成分。本句中的主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此不能用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。名詞性從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，只能用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)。注意首字母大寫(xiě)。 第七處：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)?？蓴?shù)名詞stain前面有“several”修飾，因此要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第八處：考查形容詞。句中的“l(fā)ook”屬于感官類(lèi)動(dòng)詞，在句子中的用法相當(dāng)于系動(dòng)詞，因此后面應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。 第九處：考查動(dòng)詞。If引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句省略了主語(yǔ)“you”和be動(dòng)詞完整形式為if you were put in my situation，故將putting改為put。 第十處：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”想要換一雙新的，或者給“我”退款。此處表示選擇關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系。 __It is said that__ this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. 據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)男孩就是滿(mǎn)族人的祖先，他具有語(yǔ)言天賦和很強(qiáng)的說(shuō)服力。 It is said that...據(jù)說(shuō)…… 句中的It是形式主語(yǔ)，它所代表的是后面that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 (1)It is believed/reported/thought/supposed/hoped/expected that...據(jù)相信/報(bào)道/認(rèn)為/推斷/希望/預(yù)計(jì)……＝People believe/report/think/suppose/hope/expect that...人們相信/報(bào)道/認(rèn)為/推斷/希望/預(yù)計(jì)…… (2)It is known to all that...眾所周知…… ①The banks are widely __believed__ (believed) to be planning a cut in interest rates. 人們普遍認(rèn)為銀行正在計(jì)劃降低利率。 ②__It__ is known to all that China is a country with a long history. ＝__As__ is known to all，China is a country with a long history. ＝__What__ is known to all is that China is a country with a long history. 眾所周知，中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。 ③It is said that a new shopping mall __was built__ (build) in the city the other day. →A new shopping mall is said to __have been built__ (build) in the city the other day. 據(jù)說(shuō)幾天前一家新商場(chǎng)在該市落成了。 It is hoped that...可轉(zhuǎn)化為：“主語(yǔ)＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中不定式根據(jù)需要有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。 ④It is said that he __has gone__ (go)abroad. ＝He is said __to have gone__ (go)abroad. 據(jù)說(shuō)他出國(guó)了。 【閱讀理解】 If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may e as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all. Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(動(dòng)脈).Over time，this can cause serious injuries. Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.” The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”. 1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“___________”. A. hard B. regular C. practical D. flexible 2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to ___________. A. suggest giving up jogging B. show risks of doing sports C. provide supportive evidence D. introduce the research process 3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？ A. It may injure the heart and arteries. B. It can make the body tired out. C. It will bring much pressure. D. It consumes too much energy. 4.What can be inferred from the text? A. No exercise at all is the best choice. B. More exercise means a healthier life. C. Marathons runners are least likely to die. D. Proper exercise contributes to good health. 【文章大意】本文主要講述了做運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)多或過(guò)少都對(duì)身體有害，只有做適量的運(yùn)動(dòng)才對(duì)身體有益。 1.A 【解析】考查詞義推測(cè)。hard耗費(fèi)體力的；regular有規(guī)律的；practical實(shí)際的；flexible靈活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一點(diǎn)不做運(yùn)動(dòng)的人和非常艱苦鍛煉的人都極有可能死，故應(yīng)選A。 3.A 【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(動(dòng)脈).”可知，做過(guò)多的運(yùn)動(dòng)有害是因?yàn)樗赡軅π呐K和動(dòng)脈，故應(yīng)選A。 4.D 【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段可知，做運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)多或過(guò)少都對(duì)身體有害，只有做適量的運(yùn)動(dòng)才對(duì)身體有益，故應(yīng)選D。