（教學(xué)資料）滬教版小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)

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第1講 改否定句 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 1、 句子中有am/is/are/can時(shí)，直接在后面加not，其他不變，抄下來(lái)； 2、 句子中沒(méi)有am/is/are/can時(shí)，找到動(dòng)詞，在動(dòng)詞前面加don’t/doesn’t，其他不變，抄下來(lái)。 【練習(xí)題】 1、 I am Mike. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 2、 This is a pen. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 3、 You are a boy. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 4、 They can swim. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 5、 I like apples. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 6、 I am Danny. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 7、 This is my ruler. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 8、 Those are his robots. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 9、 You can go to have a look. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 10、 I know his name. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 11、 I am a student. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 12、 It is an apple. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 13、 They are my books. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 14、 I can see a boat. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 15、 Stand up. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 16、 I am in Grade 3. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 17、 She is Yang Ling. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 18、 We are teachers. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 19、 I can draw a toy car. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 20、 Jack speaks English very well. 否定句：____________________________________________________ 18 第2講 改一般疑問(wèn)句 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 1、 句子中有am/is/are/can時(shí)，放句首，其他不變，抄下來(lái)。 2、 句子中沒(méi)有am/is/are/can時(shí)，用Do/Does放句首，其他不變，抄下來(lái)。 3、 I變you，I am變Are you。 4、 標(biāo)點(diǎn)變問(wèn)號(hào)。 肯定回答：Yes，人稱+am/is/are/can/do。 否定回答：No，人稱+am/is/are/can/do+not。 【練習(xí)題】 1、 I am Mike. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 2、 This is a pen. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 3、 You are a boy. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 4、 They can swim. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 5、 I like apples. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 6、 I am Danny. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 7、 This is my ruler. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 8、 Those are his robots. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 9、 You can go to have a look. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 10、 I know his name. 一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________________________________ 否定回答：__________________________________________________ 第3講 改肯定句 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 1、一般疑問(wèn)句改肯定句 （1）將句首的am/is/are/can放回主語(yǔ)后面，其它照抄，標(biāo)點(diǎn)改成句號(hào)。 例如：Is she tall?She is tall. （2）句首是Do、Does的，去掉Do、Does，其它照抄，動(dòng)詞用原形，標(biāo)點(diǎn)改成句號(hào)。如果主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如：Do you like apples？肯定句：I like apples. 2、否定句改肯定句 （1）句子中有am/is/are/can時(shí)，直接把a(bǔ)m/is/are/can后面的not去掉，其他照抄。例如：I can’t run.I can run. （2）句子中有don’t或doesn’t時(shí)，直接去掉don’t或doesn’t，其他照抄。如果主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如：Don’t shut.Shut. 【練習(xí)題】 1、 Isthistallboythin? ________________________________________________________ 2、 Areyourearssmall? ________________________________________________________ 3、 Can Sarah clean the classroom? ________________________________________________________ 4、 Do you like the ducks? ________________________________________________________ 5、 Is this the playground? ________________________________________________________ 6、 Are you a boy? ________________________________________________________ 7、 Can they swim? ________________________________________________________ 8、 Does he like the dogs? ________________________________________________________ 9、 I am not a boy. ________________________________________________________ 10、 Sam isn’t sad. ________________________________________________________ 11、 We aren’t studying English. ________________________________________________________ 12、 I can’t dance ________________________________________________________ 13、 Don’t open the pencil-box. ________________________________________________________ 14、 He doesn’t know your name. ________________________________________________________ 15、 I am not Danny. ________________________________________________________ 16、 The man isn’t walking in the street. ________________________________________________________ 17、 They aren’t in the classroom. ________________________________________________________ 18、 Her mother can’t ride a bicycle. ________________________________________________________ 19、 We don’t have lunch at12:00 every day. ________________________________________________________ 20、 Tom doesn’t walk to school. ________________________________________________________ 第4講 縮寫(xiě)形式與完整形式 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 完整形式 縮寫(xiě)形式 完整形式 縮寫(xiě)形式 完整形式 縮寫(xiě)形式 完整形式 縮寫(xiě)形式 am ’m is ’s are ’re not n’t I am I’m he is he’s we are we’re is not isn’t she is she’s you are you’re can not can’t what is what's they are they’re do not don’t name is name’s does not doesn’t 【練習(xí)題】 1、 I am Mike. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 2、 It is a pen. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 3、 You are a boy. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 4、 They can not swim. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 5、 I do not like apples. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 6、 I am a student. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 7、 It is an apple. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 8、 They are my books. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 9、 I can not see a boat. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 10、 Do not stand up. 縮寫(xiě)形式：____________________________________ 11、 I’m Danny. 完整形式：____________________________________ 12、 This’s my ruler. 完整形式：____________________________________ 13、 Those’re his robots. 完整形式：____________________________________ 14、 You can’t go to have a look. 完整形式：____________________________________ 15、 I don’t know his name. 完整形式：____________________________________ 16、 I’m in Grade 3. 完整形式：____________________________________ 17、 She’s Yang Ling. 完整形式：____________________________________ 18、 We’re teachers. 完整形式：____________________________________ 19、 I can’t draw a toy car. 完整形式：____________________________________ 20、 Jack doesn’t speak English very well. 完整形式：____________________________________ 第5講 主格、賓格、所有格（形容詞性物主代詞） 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 1、人稱代詞主格：在句子開(kāi)頭作主語(yǔ)，表示誰(shuí)怎么樣了、干什么了。 例如：I am a teacher. You are a student. They are students. 2、人稱代詞賓格：在動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象。 例如：Give it to me. Let’s go. 3、物主代詞所有格：用在名詞前，表示是誰(shuí)的東西。 例如：This is my book. We love our motherland. 我們熱愛(ài)我們的祖國(guó)。 主格 賓格 所有格 （形容詞性物主代詞） 單數(shù) I me my我的 you you your你的 she her her她的 he him his他的 it it its它的 復(fù)數(shù) we us our我們的 you you your你們的 they them their他/她/它們的 【練習(xí)題】 1.__________（我）am a teacher. 2.My father is talking with __________（我） 3.___________（他）often plays basketball after school. 4.___________（他的）teacher is good. 5.____________（我們）buy a pair of shoes for______（他）. 6.Please pass _______（我們）the ball. 7.________（他們）are listening to the radio. 8.This is ________（我們）book.That is _________（他的）book. 9.________（他的）chair is blue.________（我們的）is yellow. 10._______（我們的）classroom is big._______（你們的）classroom is small. 11.________（他）often plays basketball after school. 12._________（他的）teacher is good.（她的）teacher is good too. 13.My book is blue._______（you）book is red. 14.Our chair is better than _________（they）chairs. 15.I will give the presents to __________（they） 第6講 名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則： 1、 一般情況下，直接加s。 例如：car---cars、bag---bags、book---books 2、 以s/x/ch/sh結(jié)尾的單詞加es。 例如：class---classes、box---boxes、watch---watches、brush---brushes 3、 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，變y為i，再加es。 例如：baby---babies、family---families、comedy---comedies（喜?。? 4、 以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加s。 例如：boy---boys、day---days、key---keys 5、 以f/fe結(jié)尾的單詞，變f/fe為v，再加es 例如：leaf---leaves、wolf----wolves、knife---knives “小偷”（thief）的“妻子”（wife）用“刀子”（knife）和“樹(shù)葉”（leaf）把“狼”（wolf）劈成了兩“半”（half） 6、 以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有生命的加es，無(wú)生命的加s，以oo結(jié)尾的加s。 有生命的加es。例如，potato---potatoes、tomato---potatoes、hero---heroes（英雄愛(ài)吃土豆燉西紅柿） 無(wú)生命的加s。例如，photo---photos、radio---radios、piano---pianos。 以oo結(jié)尾的加s。例如，kangaroo---kangaroos（袋鼠）、zoo---zoos。 7、 不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)，以原形或/表示。 例如：water---/、milk---/、juice---/ 8、 特殊情況 例如：am/is---are、I---we、she/he/it---they、my---our his/her/its---their、this---these、that---those man---men、sheep---sheep、Chinese---Chinese、foot---feet 【練習(xí)題】 名詞變復(fù)數(shù) bird card orange watch lady family ruler photo friend class dictionary party boy girl cat box candy story I he you am is are wife tree key bed hero sheep case question leaf case cup pen desk key box knife card orange boy friend parent mother father sister brother son daughter cousin pencil child man 第7講 改復(fù)數(shù)句 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 對(duì)照句子，將句子中的名詞和代詞改成對(duì)應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)，其他不變，按順序抄下來(lái)即可。 例如：She is my friend. They are my friends. I am a girl. We are girls. 【練習(xí)題】 句子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù) 1. This is a book. ___________________________________________ 2.That is an eraser. ___________________________________________ 3.It is a red apple. ___________________________________________ 4.I am a boy. ___________________________________________ 5.He is a teacher. ___________________________________________ 6.What’s this? ___________________________________________ 7. I am a tall boy. ___________________________________________ 8.She is a beautiful girl. ___________________________________________ 9.He is a strong man. ___________________________________________ 10.This is a big mouse. ___________________________________________ 11.That is a small fish. ___________________________________________ 12.It has a long tooth. ___________________________________________ 13 This is an old dog. ___________________________________________ 14. There is a big peach on the table. ___________________________________________ 15. I can sing a song. ___________________________________________ 16. It is under the table. ___________________________________________ 17. That is a short boy. ___________________________________________ 18. I like the red skateboards. ___________________________________________ 19. That monkey can climb the tree. ___________________________________________ 20. This fox is big. ___________________________________________ 第8講 就劃線部分提問(wèn) 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 1、根據(jù)劃線部分找到特殊疑問(wèn)詞放句首，把題目中剩下的部分變成一般疑問(wèn)句，接在特殊疑問(wèn)詞的后面。 2、標(biāo)點(diǎn)改為問(wèn)號(hào)。 特殊疑問(wèn)詞: 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 內(nèi)容 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 內(nèi)容 What 什么 How much 價(jià)格，多少錢 What colour 什么顏色 What…do 會(huì)做什么 How 身體狀況 Who 誰(shuí)，問(wèn)人 How old 幾歲，年齡 Where 在哪兒，地點(diǎn) How many 數(shù)量，幾個(gè) Whose 誰(shuí)的，問(wèn)主人 Which 哪一個(gè) When 什么 What time 幾點(diǎn)，問(wèn)時(shí)間 Why 為什么，問(wèn)原因 【練習(xí)題】 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn) 1. That’s a bike. ______________________________________ 2. My name is Lingling. ______________________________________ 3. This is a map of America. ______________________________________ 4. Tow and tow is four. ______________________________________ 5. He likes playing basketball. ______________________________________ 6. Pandas love bamboo. ______________________________________ 7. It’ssix o’clock. ______________________________________ 8. The bike is black. ______________________________________ 9. The pen is red. ______________________________________ 10. Amy is a good girl. ______________________________________ 11. Lingling likes collecting dolls. ____________________________________ 12. This is Li Ping’sbook. ______________________________________ 13. My pen is in the box. ______________________________________ 14. I live in New York. ______________________________________ 15. My birthday is November 11. ______________________________________ 16. I go to school by bike. ______________________________________ 17. He is twelve. ______________________________________ 18. The hamburger is four dollars. ___________________________________ 19. The kite is twenty yuan. ______________________________________ 20. Two pens are on the desk..______________________________________ 21. They are from 191 countries. ______________________________________ 22. The bridge is 5 kilometers long. ____________________________________ 23. I’m in Class 1. ______________________________________ 第9講 be動(dòng)詞、can、have、has的用法 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】 1、be動(dòng)詞：am、is、are 口訣：我用am，你用are，is連著他、她、它。單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)用are。 2、can：能、會(huì)、可以 can+動(dòng)詞原形。 3、have、has：有 口訣：我有，你有，用have；他、她、它有用has。 例如：I have/you have/she has/he has/it has… 【練習(xí)題】 用am,is,are填空 I ____ a girl.My name ____ Mary.I ____ 12 years old. Here ____ my family photo.Look! These ____ my parents and those ____ my grandparents.This boy____ my brother.He ____ 15 years old now.That ____ my cat,Mimi.It ____ very lovely. 1.I ______ Kitty.______ 2.She ______ a student. 3.My sisters______ tall. 4.Jane and Tom ______ my friends. 5.We ______ students. 6.They ______ in the zoo. 7.Yang Ling ______ ten years old. 8.Sandy is my good friend. He _ ___ tall and fat. 9.Look at the picture. It ______ beautiful. 10.This ______ my dress. 用have 和has 填空 1. I ______ a cat. 2. He ______ a dog. 3. She______ long hair. 4. We ______ a big house. 5. They ______ a happy family. 6. It ______ a short tail。 7. You ______ a good teacher. 8. Jane ______ two big eyes. 9. Tom ______ a red pen. 10. My mother ______ a beautiful nose. 11. I ______ a nice puppet. 12. He ______ a good friend. 13. They ______some masks. 14. We ______ some flowers. 15. She ______ a duck. 16. My father ______ a new bike. 17. Her mother ______ a vase. 18. Our teacher ______ an English book. 19. Our teachers______ a basketball. 20. Their parents______ some books.