高中英語(yǔ) Unit 3 section 1 Warming up PrereadingReading Comprehending課件 新人教版選修8

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1、Inventors and inventionsUnit 3Section Warming up; Prereading, Reading & Comprehending Unit 3課堂要點(diǎn)探究課堂要點(diǎn)探究2課堂達(dá)標(biāo)驗(yàn)收課堂達(dá)標(biāo)驗(yàn)收3課后強(qiáng)化作業(yè)課后強(qiáng)化作業(yè)4課前新知預(yù)習(xí)課前新知預(yù)習(xí)1課前新知預(yù)習(xí)課前新知預(yù)習(xí) .詞匯過關(guān) 1音意記憶。 (1)_(n.)專利證書；專利權(quán) (2)_(n.)產(chǎn)品 (3)_(vi.& vt.)顯示的差別；使有所不同；辨別 (4)_(n.)粉末；火藥 (5)_(vt.)抓??；捉??；奪 (6)_(n.)文件；檔案；文件夾 (vt.)提交；將歸檔 (7)_(adj.)熟的

2、；成熟的patentproductdistinguishpowderseizefileripe 2形意記憶。 (1)mercy (n.)仁慈；寬恕_(adj.)寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的_(adv.)仁慈地；寬厚地 (2)cube(n.)立方體；立方_(adj.)立方的 (3)abrupt(adj.)突然的；意外的_(adv.)突然地；唐突地 (4)convenient(adj.)便利的；方便的；就近的_(n.)便利；方便_(adv.)方便地 (5)cautious(adj.)謹(jǐn)慎的；小心的_(n.)小心；謹(jǐn)慎 (6)expect(v.)期望；預(yù)期_(n.)預(yù)料；期待；期望mercifulmerc

3、ifullycubicabruptlyconvenienceconvenientlycautionexpectation (7)merry(adj.)愉快的；高興的_(adv.)高興地；愉快地merrily .短語(yǔ)自查 1給打電話_ 2偶爾；有時(shí)_ 3開始；著手_ 4把和區(qū)別開_ 5apply for a patent_ 6in the countryside_ 7get rid of_ 8decide on_call upnow and thenset aboutdistinguish.from.申請(qǐng)專利在農(nóng)村/鄉(xiāng)下除掉；擺脫決定 .經(jīng)典句式 1Only after you have had

4、 that recognition _ _ _ that you are truly an inventor. 只有得到那種認(rèn)可，你才可以說自己是一個(gè)真正的發(fā)明家。 2_ _ _ _ _ _ until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone elses. 你的產(chǎn)品要經(jīng)過仔細(xì)審查，證明它確實(shí)是與眾不同的，你才能獲得專利。saycanyouaNorwillyoureceivepatent .語(yǔ)篇理解 Choose the best answers accordin

5、g to the text THE PROBLEM OF THE SNAKES. 1Whats the problem that the writer came across? ASnakes came near her house now and then. BSnakes seemed to have made their home near her house. CHow to catch the snakes without harming them. DHer mother felt upset.C 2Why did the writer not use powders to sol

6、ve the problem? ABecause it was an old thought pattern to use powders. BBecause that would harm or even kill the snakes. CBecause that would damage something else near the house. DBecause she wanted to invent something new.B 3The following are the three possible approaches that the writer thought of

7、 to catch the snakes EXCEPT _. Aremoving their habitat Battracting them into a trap using male or female perfume or food Cusing the natural enemies of snakes Dcooling the snakesC 4Why did cooling the snakes make them less active? ABecause they are small reptiles. BBecause they are coldblooded and be

8、come sleepy when it is cold. CBecause their body temperature changes with the heat around them. DBoth B and C.D課堂要點(diǎn)探究課堂要點(diǎn)探究 1.discovery n發(fā)現(xiàn) The country became rich after the discovery of oil. 在發(fā)現(xiàn)石油之后，這個(gè)國(guó)家變得很富有。 知識(shí)拓展 make an important discovery有重大發(fā)現(xiàn) discover v發(fā)現(xiàn) discover sb.doing sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事 discov

9、erer n發(fā)現(xiàn)者 The researchers have made a number of important discoveries. 研究人員已做出許多重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。 John was frightened when he was discovered smoking in his dormitory. 當(dāng)約翰被發(fā)現(xiàn)在宿舍里抽煙的時(shí)候，他非常害怕。 比較網(wǎng)站 discover和inventdiscover v發(fā)現(xiàn)，用于發(fā)現(xiàn)“本來已存在的東西”。invent v發(fā)明，用于發(fā)明創(chuàng)造“本來沒有的東西”。 He discovered a hole in the wall. 他在墻上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)洞。

10、Edison invented many useful inventions. 愛迪生發(fā)明了許多有用的發(fā)明。 活學(xué)活用 (1)完成句子 Im sure if you are careful, youll _ _ _ _ (有重大發(fā)現(xiàn)) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (在發(fā)現(xiàn)他那迷路的孩子時(shí)), he jumped with joy. 答案：make an important discoveryOn the discovery of his lost child (2)用discover，invent的正確形式完成下列句子 Columbus _ America, and he will alway

11、s be remembered as the _ for his _. The first telephone was _ by Alexander Graham in 1876. As the _ of it, he was famous for his _. 答案：discovered；discoverer；discoveryinvented；inventor；invention 2distinguish vi. & vt. 顯示的差別；使有所不同；辨別 The man distinguished himself by his wisdom. 這個(gè)人因智慧而揚(yáng)名。 Can you dist

12、inguish between those two objects? 你能區(qū)分那兩個(gè)物體嗎？ Speeches distinguish man from animals. 語(yǔ)言使人類區(qū)別于動(dòng)物。 知識(shí)拓展 (1)distinguish between.and.區(qū)分/辨別和 distinguish.from.使有別于；使具有區(qū)別于的特征 be distinguished for.因而出名 distinguish oneself (as.)(作為)表現(xiàn)突出 (2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 distinguishable adj.易分辨的；能區(qū)分的 (3)disti

13、nguish常用于否定句，且常與can或could連用；tell也可表示“辨認(rèn)，辨別”，常與can或could連用，主要用于否定句和疑問句中。 活學(xué)活用 完成句子 (1)你應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)明辨是非。 You should learn to _ right _ wrong. (2)這對(duì)孿生兒長(zhǎng)得很像，沒有人能分辨得出哪個(gè)是哪個(gè)。 The twins are so alike that no one _ one _ the other. (3)我弄不清“above all”和“first of all”用法的區(qū)別。 I _ the difference _ the usages of “above all”

14、 and “first of all” 答案：(1)distinguish between；and(2)can distinguish；from(3)cant tell；between 3merciful adj. 寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的 They asked her to be merciful to the prisoners. 他們要求她對(duì)犯人慈悲為懷。 知識(shí)拓展 (1)mercifully adv. 仁慈地；寬厚地；幸運(yùn)地 (2)mercy n. 仁慈；寬?。粦z憫 ask/beg/plead for mercy 請(qǐng)求/乞求/祈求寬恕 show no mercy to 對(duì)絲毫不講仁慈/毫

15、不憐憫 have mercy on 憐憫 at the mercy of 任憑的擺布 without mercy 無(wú)情地 He is a kind boss, who treats the workers mercifully. 他是一位好心的老板，對(duì)待工人很仁慈。 We showed no mercy to the traitor. 我們毫不憐憫那個(gè)叛徒。 They were lost at the sea, at the mercy of the wind and weather. 他們?cè)诤Ｉ厦粤寺罚螒{風(fēng)和天氣的擺布。 活學(xué)活用 選詞填空mercy/merciful/mercifully

16、 (1)The _ king saved the young officers from death. (2)Mr Smith has _ on the poor boy and always helps him. (3)Deaths from the disease are _ rare. 答案：(1)merciful(2)mercy(3)mercifully 4product n產(chǎn)品；產(chǎn)物；產(chǎn)量 They came here in search of new markets from their products. 他們來此為他們的產(chǎn)品尋找新市場(chǎng)。 知識(shí)拓展 produce vt.生產(chǎn)；制

17、造n(集合用法)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 producer n生產(chǎn)者 production n生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量；總產(chǎn)量 productive adj.多產(chǎn)的；富有成效的 The factory produces 1,000 cars a week. 這家工廠每星期生產(chǎn)一千輛轎車。 fresh produce新鮮的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 比較網(wǎng)站 product，production和produceproduct強(qiáng)調(diào)任何體力或腦力勞動(dòng)所生產(chǎn)的東西，含義廣，是可數(shù)名詞。production指生產(chǎn)或產(chǎn)量，也可指文學(xué)作品。produce作名詞時(shí)，指農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，是不可數(shù)名詞。 活學(xué)活用 用produce的恰當(dāng)形式填空 (1)他們可以幫你比較兩個(gè)不

18、同的產(chǎn)品。 They can help you to compare two different _. (2)這些樹生產(chǎn)橡膠。 These trees _ rubber. (3)他是好幾個(gè)電視節(jié)目的制作人。 He is the _ of several TV shows. (4)如果我們不能賣出更多的貨物，就必須降低產(chǎn)量。 If we cant sell more goods, well have to cut back on the _. (5)這本論述教育的書是他的最新作品。 This book on educations is his latest _. (6)這個(gè)會(huì)議成效不太大。 It

19、 wasnt a very _ meeting. 答案：(1)products(2)produce(3)producer(4)production (5)production(6)productive 5convenient adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的 It is not convenient for me to ring him up. 我現(xiàn)在不便于給他打電話。 Please come at six if its convenient for you. 你方便的話，請(qǐng)?jiān)诹c(diǎn)鐘來。 The digital camera is simple and convenient to use. 這

20、臺(tái)數(shù)碼相機(jī)使用起來簡(jiǎn)單方便。 知識(shí)拓展 (1)be convenient for對(duì)是方便的 It is convenient for sb. to do sth.某人方便做某事 (2)convenienceU方便；便利C便利的設(shè)施 for convenience為了方便起見 at ones convenience在方便的時(shí)候 (3)conveniently adv.方便地 It is convenient for me to get to the railway station. 我到火車站很便利。 注意：convenient通常不以人作主語(yǔ)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“sth. be convenient

21、for sb.”及“Its convenient (for sb.) to do sth.”。 活學(xué)活用 (1)完成句子 _ (如果你方便的話), Ill go to see you at 6 pm. I put my bike at the gate _ (為了方便) 答案：If it is convenient to youfor convenience (2)(山東高考)Would it be _ for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport? AfreeBvacant Chandy Dconvenient

22、 答案：D句意：你是否方便在4點(diǎn)鐘來接我，然后送我去機(jī)場(chǎng)？convenient“便利的；方便的”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為it is/was convenient for sb. to do sth.“某人方便做某事”，符合題意。free“自由的；免費(fèi)的；空閑的”；vacant“空的；未被占用的”；handy“方便的；手邊的”。 6expectation nC，U預(yù)料；期待；期望 Its our expectation that you will do well. 我們期待你干得出色。 She looked at me with expectation. 她滿懷期待地看著我。 知識(shí)拓展 (1)against

23、 all expectation(s) 出乎預(yù)料 contrary to expectation(s) 出乎預(yù)料 come/live up to ones expectations 不負(fù)所望 beyond expectation 料想不到 in expectation of 期待，指望，預(yù)料 (2)expect vt. 期望；盼望后可跟名詞或代詞、不定式、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)、從句等 常用搭配：expect sth./(sb.) to do sth./that.期望；盼望 Against all expectations, Mike finished high school with top grades

24、. 出乎所有人的預(yù)料，邁克中學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)成績(jī)優(yōu)異。 He succeeded beyond our expectations. 我們沒有料想到，他成功了。 I expect him to come. 我盼望他來。 活學(xué)活用 (1)完成句子 他對(duì)考試及格不抱希望。 He has _ _ _ passing the exam. 他們預(yù)計(jì)天會(huì)下雨，所以把窗戶都關(guān)上了。 The closed the windows _ _ _ rain. 答案：little expectation ofin expectation of (2)How many students, do you think, will b

25、e present at the meeting? I expect _ 20 students at the meeting. Athere being Bthere to be Cthere be Dthere been 答案：B考查expect to do sth.的用法。句意：“你認(rèn)為將有多少學(xué)生出席會(huì)議？”“我預(yù)料將會(huì)有20個(gè)學(xué)生?！币?yàn)閑xpect后要求用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，不能用現(xiàn)在分詞，所以排除A項(xiàng)，又因?yàn)閠here be表示“有”，可以用于不定式結(jié)構(gòu)形式there to be，所以選B項(xiàng)。expect后也可以接句子，但there be和there been都不是句子形式，所以不合題

26、意。 7seize vt. 抓住；捉??；奪；攻占 I decided to seize the opportunity to make success. 我決定抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來獲得成功。 I cant quite seize your meaning. 我不太理解你的意思。 The enemy seized the town after a violent attack. 敵人猛攻后占領(lǐng)了這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。 知識(shí)拓展 be seized with an illness 害病 seize sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊 seize the chance/opportunity 抓住機(jī)會(huì) se

27、ize.by surprise 突襲 seize on/upon 抓住，利用(借口等) He seized Mary by the arm when she wanted to leave. 當(dāng)瑪麗想離開時(shí)他一把抓住了她的胳膊。 Tom seized on the excuse to get out of the practice. 湯姆利用這個(gè)借口逃避了練習(xí)。 比較網(wǎng)站 seize/snatch/catch/grasp/grabseize“抓住”，強(qiáng)調(diào)猛然地、突然地，表示抓住某人身體的一部分時(shí)，后接介詞by，也可用于抽象事物。此外，該詞還有“奪取”“占領(lǐng)”之意。snatch“強(qiáng)奪，攫取”，指

28、以迅速的拉扯動(dòng)作出其不意地抓取。catch是最普通用詞，有“抓住”“捉拿”“追趕，拿到”等意思。grasp“抓住，控制在手”，表示用手或手臂牢牢地抓住，此外形容對(duì)知識(shí)的“理解”“掌握”“領(lǐng)會(huì)”。 Suddenly his father seized him by the wrist and rushed out. 突然他父親抓住他的手腕沖出去了。 The thieves will snatch your last bob if you give them half a chance. 一有機(jī)會(huì)，小偷便會(huì)搶走你的最后一個(gè)銅板。 Yesterday he caught a bird. 昨天他抓住一

29、只鳥。 He grasped the idea and did his work smoothly. 他抓住了要領(lǐng)，做起工作來很順手。 He grabbed the money and left. 他抓了錢就走了。 活學(xué)活用 (1)Suddenly, a tall man _ the girl and took her away. Abrought Bcarried Cseized Dput 答案：C句意：突然，一個(gè)高大的男人抓住了這個(gè)女孩并把她帶走了。bring“帶來”；carry“運(yùn)送”；seize“抓住”；put“放下”。根據(jù)題意選C項(xiàng)。 (2)He seized me _ the co

30、llar. Afor Bon Cwith Dby 答案：D句意：他抓住了我的衣領(lǐng)。seize sb. by the部位表示抓住了某人身體的某一部位，故D項(xiàng)符合題意。 1.call up給打電話；使回憶起；召集，召集入伍 Ill call you up this evening if possible. 可能的話今晚我給你打電話。 名師點(diǎn)津 call up當(dāng)表示“打電話”時(shí)，call upring upringcall She can still call up scenes of childhood. 她仍能想起兒時(shí)的情景。 I was called up three months after

31、 the war broke out. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)3個(gè)月后，我被征召入伍。 知識(shí)拓展 call back回電話 call for需要；要求；接(人或物) call in召來，叫來 call on sb.激起；要求 call on sb. to do sth.號(hào)召某人做某事 call off取消 I will call for you at 8 oclock at the school gate. 我8點(diǎn)鐘在學(xué)校門口來接你。 活學(xué)活用 (1)用call的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空 I _ (給他打電話) many times today, but I couldnt get through. This year

32、 the government _ (號(hào)召) a great many graduates who major in English to devote themselves to the construction of the country. Last weekend he _ (拜訪) the village where he was brought up. They have _ (取消) their engagement (婚約) 答案：called him upcalls oncalled at called off (2)As I grew up in a small town

33、at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _ scenes of my childhood. Acalled upBcalled for Ccalled on Dcalled in 答案：A句意：因?yàn)槲沂窃谝粋€(gè)山腳下的小鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)大的，參觀那個(gè)村子讓我回憶起童年的情景。call up“使回憶起，使想起”，符合題意。 2set about (doing sth.) 開始(做)；著手(干某事) A team of volunteers set about the work with determination. 一組志愿者決心著手做這項(xiàng)工作。

34、 She set about answering letters as soon as she arrived at the office. 她一到辦公室就開始寫回信。 知識(shí)拓展 set out 出發(fā)；啟程 set out to do sth. 開始做某事 set off 出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；開始(旅行、賽跑等) set aside 留出；撥出；對(duì)不予考慮；(為某目的)節(jié)省或保留(錢或時(shí)間) set down 停下；讓下車；記下；寫下 set up 設(shè)置；創(chuàng)立；開辦 set out forset off forleave for 出發(fā)到某地去 set back 阻礙某事物發(fā)展；把(鐘表指針)往回?fù)?s

35、et sth. off 使(炸彈、地雷等)爆炸 set sth. up 擺放或豎起某物；創(chuàng)(體育)記錄 注意：set about中about為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。 A team of volunteers set about the task with determination. 一隊(duì)志愿者堅(jiān)定地開始這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 The bomb could be set off by the slightest touch. 最輕微的碰撞都可能引爆這顆炸彈。 Lets set aside my personal feelings for now. 目前咱們就不要顧及我的個(gè)人感情了。 He set

36、out to break the record for the channel swim. 他決心打破游過海峽的記錄。 活學(xué)活用 (1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕楦痹~填空 We try to set _ a bit of money every week. The company has set _ a new branch in London. Gathering up the thread of his story，he set _ writing. He has achieved what he set _ to do three years ago. 答案：asideupaboutout (2)(20

37、13安徽，26)Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they _ on their life journey. Agive up Bsettle down Cget through Dset off 答案：D本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：傳統(tǒng)上，大學(xué)生在開始他們的人生旅程前舉辦一個(gè)畢業(yè)典禮來激勵(lì)他們自己。give up“放棄”；settle down“定居，安定下來”；get through“打通電話，完成， 讀完，用完”；set off“出發(fā)，開始”。

38、根據(jù)句子意思可知D項(xiàng)正確。 3in case以防萬(wàn)一；假使 In case you need something, please dont hesitate to let me know. 如果你需要什么東西，請(qǐng)不要猶豫地對(duì)我說。 It may rain; youd better take an umbrella (just) in case (it does) 可能下雨，你最好帶把傘，以防萬(wàn)一。 Ill cook plenty of potatoes just in case they decide to stay for dinner. 我打算多煮些馬鈴薯，以防他們決定留下來吃飯。 知識(shí)拓

39、展 in case of 假如；如果發(fā)生(后接名詞或代詞) in this case 如果這樣的話 in that case 如果那樣的話 in any case 無(wú)論如何 in no case 決不(位于句首，句子應(yīng)使用倒裝語(yǔ)序) 注意：in case表示“萬(wàn)一”，可單獨(dú)使用，也可引導(dǎo)從句(有時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)。 in case后跟表示將來的從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，但可用should, might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 There are spare batteries there, in case you need them. 那里面有備用電池，萬(wàn)一你需要時(shí)能用上。 in no case “決不”，置

40、于句首時(shí)，句子采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。 In no case will I turn against my motherland. 我決不會(huì)背叛我的祖國(guó)。 活學(xué)活用 (1)(2014四川，8)Ill be out for some time._ anything important happens, call me up immediately. AIn case BAs if CEven though DNow that 答案：A本題考查連詞。句意：我要出去一段時(shí)間。萬(wàn)一任何重要的事情發(fā)生，立刻給我打電話。in case“萬(wàn)一”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；as if“好像，仿佛”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句；eve

41、n though“縱然，即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；now that“既然”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“萬(wàn)一”，要用in case引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故A項(xiàng)正確。 (2)Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _ I forget. Athough Bso that Cin case Duntil 答案：Cthough“盡管”；so that“以便”；in case“以免”；until“直到”。句意：請(qǐng)明天再提醒我一次會(huì)議的事情以免我忘記。 1.The first thing I did was to see if there w

42、ere any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 我所做的第一件事就是看有沒有什么產(chǎn)品可能幫助我，但是，看來只有一種毒死蛇的藥粉。 (1)本句為but連接的兩個(gè)并列分句，其結(jié)構(gòu)如下： (2)there seem to be是there be句型的變體，表示“似乎有”。與there可以連用的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還有：be going to, appear to, used to, be likely to, happen to等。 There seem to be

43、 fewer tourists around this year. 今年來訪的旅游者似乎少了。 There are going to be two English parties next week. 下周有兩場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。 There used to be a bridge across the river. 過去河上有座橋。 There happened to be some money in my pocket. 我的口袋里碰巧有一些錢。 知識(shí)拓展 there be句型中的be有時(shí)還可以換成其他表示“有，存在”的詞，如live，stand，lie，remain等。 There stands

44、 a manmade hill near the lake. 在湖邊有一座假山。 There remained in the village only women and children. 村子里只剩下婦女和兒童。 活學(xué)活用 補(bǔ)全句子 (1)_ _ _ _ an apple tree in front of the house. 過去房子前面有棵蘋果樹。 (2)_ _ _ _ a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way. 恰好拐角處有一位警察，我就向他問路了。 (3)_ _ _ _ _ in the small house. 在這個(gè)小房

45、子里住著一位老人。 答案：(1)There used to be(2)There happened to be(3)There lived an old man 2Prepared with some research findings, I decided on three possible approaches. 經(jīng)過一番研究以后，我決定采用三種可能的方法。 prepared with some research findings為過去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)的狀語(yǔ)從句，該動(dòng)作和主句的主語(yǔ)之間存在著邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常就是句子的主語(yǔ)，過去分詞與主語(yǔ)之間是

46、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 Although built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful. 盡管這座房子是30年前被建造的，它看起來依然很漂亮。 Given more time, he can do it better. 如果給予他更多的時(shí)間，他能把它做得更好。 知識(shí)拓展 過去分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為when, while或after等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。 作條件狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if, once或unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。 作原因狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為as, since或because等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。 作讓步狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為althoug

47、h, though或even if等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。 作方式狀語(yǔ)，如有連詞as if，就轉(zhuǎn)換為as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句；若無(wú)連詞，則轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 從山頂上看，這座公園看起來更加漂亮。 Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works har

48、der. As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得成績(jī)的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。 He began to cry as if bitten by a snake. He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake. 他大叫起來，好像被蛇咬了。 活學(xué)活用 (1)_ in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park. AOpened BHavin

49、g opened COpening DBeing opened 答案：A考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：很多人認(rèn)為1955年開業(yè)的加利福尼亞迪斯尼樂園非常有趣。open“開業(yè)”，與Disneyland之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系；D項(xiàng)being opened表正在進(jìn)行，但開業(yè)的事實(shí)已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故選A項(xiàng)。 (2)_from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. ASeen BSeeing CHaving seen DTo see 答案：A考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：從塔頂上看過去，這座山南面的山腳下是一片林海。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

50、作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)。和邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；和邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過去分詞形式。句子的主語(yǔ)是the south foot of the mountain，和see之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)。 3Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled. 在碗的內(nèi)壁和外壁都抹上果凍，這些果凍冷卻后會(huì)凍結(jié)。 when cooled的構(gòu)成為：連詞過去分詞，相當(dāng)于when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)

51、從句：when it is cooled。這屬于狀語(yǔ)從句的省略現(xiàn)象，省略了從句的主語(yǔ)it和系動(dòng)詞is。 注意：如果連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致或從句的主語(yǔ)為it，且包含be動(dòng)詞，則可以省略從句的主語(yǔ)或it和be動(dòng)詞，形成“連詞分詞/形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，原從句為主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，分詞為現(xiàn)在分詞；原從句為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，分詞為過去分詞。 When walking in the street, I met my teacher.(When I was walking in the street.) 當(dāng)我正在街上走的時(shí)候，我遇見了我的老師。 The ball will hit others if thr

52、own out of window(. if it is thrown out of window) 這球會(huì)打到其他人如果它被扔到窗外的話。 If necessary, Ill give you the answer. (If it is necessary，Ill give you the answer.) 如果有必要，我會(huì)把答案給你們。 活學(xué)活用 (1)(2014湖南，21)Children，when_by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. Ato be accompanied Bto accompany Caccompany

53、ing Daccompanied 答案：D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。由when可知所填詞做題干的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是題干的主語(yǔ)children，所填詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。 (2)If _， Ill give you the chance. Abe possible Bis possible Cwill be possible Dpossible 答案：D句意：如果可能的話，我將給你這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。此題考查狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略，補(bǔ)全應(yīng)該是“If it is possible”，根據(jù)省略原則，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。 4The next morning I got up early before the sun was

54、 hot. 第二天早上，天還不太熱，我就早早地起床了。 before作連詞表示時(shí)間時(shí)，根據(jù)其在句中的實(shí)際情況，譯法有多種，具體可譯為： 在之前 We lived in Paris before moving to London. 我們搬到倫敦之前住在巴黎。 (之后)才 It was a long time before I got to sleep again. 很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間之后我才重新入睡。 (不多久)就 It wasnt long before she came back. 不久她就回來了。 以免 Lock your bike before it gets stolen. 鎖好你的自行車，

55、以免被偷。 還沒來得及就 Before John stopped her, she ran out. 約翰還沒來得及阻止她，她就跑了出去。 活學(xué)活用 (1)(2014安徽，25)The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times _ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant” Abefore Bafter Csince Dwhile 答案：A考查連詞。句意：?jiǎn)卧~“好的”變化了幾次之后最后包括了“令人愉快的”這個(gè)感覺。before在此處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為：在之后。 (2)(2014陜西，24

56、)The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left _ I could ask for their names. Awhile Bbefore Cafter Dsince 答案：B本題考查連詞。句意：我還沒來得及問他們姓名，送回我丟失錢包的那對(duì)夫婦就離開了。before“在之前”；while“當(dāng)時(shí)候”；after“在之后”；since“從以來”。 5For the second attempt I froze the bowl and the icecubes again but placed them over the snakess h

57、abitat in the evening, as the temperature was starting to cool. 第二次試驗(yàn)時(shí)，我把碗和冰塊再次凍好，但在傍晚氣溫開始下降的時(shí)候把它們放在蛇穴的上方。 本句中but連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作freeze和place；as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”。as在英語(yǔ)中起的作用很多，它可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、方式狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句等。當(dāng)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意為“雖然，盡管”，須用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 As he grew older, he became less patient. 他年齡越大變得越?jīng)]有耐心。 As everybody is h

58、ere，lets begin. 既然大家都到了，咱們開始吧。 Young as I am (Although Im young), I know a lot. 盡管我年齡小，我知道很多東西。 比較網(wǎng)站 when, while與aswhen表示“當(dāng)時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)的從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以前后發(fā)生；動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是非延續(xù)性的。while表示“當(dāng)時(shí)”，一般與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，引導(dǎo)的從句強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”時(shí)，和when/while可通用，但是as強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。 When the earthquake broke out, a

59、ll the students were sleeping soundly. 當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)，所有的學(xué)生正在熟睡。 The telephone rang while I was taking a bath. 我在洗澡時(shí)電話響了。 They talked as they walked along the river. 他們沿著河邊走邊談。 活學(xué)活用 完成句子 (1)當(dāng)她感覺到滴到她雙手上的血液時(shí)，一陣恐懼突然遍布了她全身。 A sudden chill of horror swept over her _ _ _ _ _ _ upon her hands. (2)事情就如你喜歡的那樣。 It is

60、 just _ _ _. (3)約翰一邊工作一邊唱歌。 John sings _ _ _. (4)雖然我很喜歡它，但我不會(huì)買的，因?yàn)樘F了。 _ _ _ _ _， I wont buy, for its too expensive. 答案：(1)as/when she felt the blood drip(2)as you like (3)as he works(4)Much as I like it 6Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention appr

61、oved? 你知道發(fā)明者在他們的發(fā)明得到認(rèn)可之前要經(jīng)歷哪些階段嗎？ have their invention approved構(gòu)成“have賓語(yǔ)過去分詞(即have復(fù)合賓語(yǔ))”結(jié)構(gòu)。其詳細(xì)用法為： (1)表示動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成) We had the machine repaired. 我們請(qǐng)人把機(jī)器修好了。 (2)表示動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)(動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生；此時(shí)，不能采用to be done形式) He was talking about having central heating put in. Did he have it put in in the end? 他那會(huì)兒總說要找人裝暖氣。到底裝

62、上了沒有？ (3)表示動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)(動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生) I cant ask you to dinner this week as I am having my house painted at the moment. 這一周我不能請(qǐng)你來吃飯了，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在我正讓人刷房子呢。 (4)表示意外或不幸遭遇(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成) He had his fruit stolen before he had a chance to pick it. 他樹上的果子還沒來得及摘就被人偷掉了。 知識(shí)拓展 (1)have賓語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞 讓一直處于某狀態(tài) He had us laughing all through the mea

63、l. 在吃飯期間，他讓我們笑個(gè)不停。 表示預(yù)期的目標(biāo) Will you really have her driving in three days? 你真的能在三天之內(nèi)就教會(huì)她開車嗎？ 表示不愿引起的后果 If you give allnight parties，youll have the neighbours complaining. 你如果舉辦通宵晚會(huì)，會(huì)搞得鄰居們都抱怨你的。 與wont/cant連用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事” I wont have him sitting down to dinner in his overalls. I make him change them.

64、 我不允許他穿著工作服就坐下吃飯。我要他換衣服。 (2)have賓語(yǔ)(不帶to)不定式 The teachers have us leave to do the homework. 老師讓我們留下來做作業(yè)。 I would have him wait for me at the gate of the park. 我要他在公園門口等我。 活學(xué)活用 (1)The director had her assistant_some hot dogs for the meeting. Apicked up Bpicks up Cpick up Dpicking up 答案：C句意：主管讓她的助手為會(huì)議買

65、一些熱狗。本題考查have sb. do sth.句式(即：使役動(dòng)詞have后接(不帶to的)不定式擔(dān)任賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。動(dòng)作pick up與her assistant之間存在邏輯上的“主謂”關(guān)系，此外，動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，采用不帶to的不定式擔(dān)任賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 (2)If we have illegal immigrants_in, many local workers will lose their jobs. Acame Bcoming Cto come Dhaving come 答案：B句意：如果我們?cè)试S非法移民進(jìn)入，很多的本地工人將會(huì)失業(yè)。本題考查使役動(dòng)詞have后接現(xiàn)在分詞擔(dān)任賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法。

66、 7Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor. 只有你得到這種承認(rèn)，你才可以說是一個(gè)真正的發(fā)明家。 “only狀語(yǔ)(副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句)”位于句首時(shí)，句子須部分倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為： only介詞短語(yǔ)(in this way/under ones help等)助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)。 Only in this way can you solve the problem, I think. 我想，只有這樣你才能解決問題。 Only in this way can you make improvement in the operating system. 只有用這種方法你才能改進(jìn)操作系統(tǒng)。 only連詞(when/before/while/once/after等)引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)。 Only when he finishes the work can he go home. 只有在做完工作之后，他才能回家。 only副詞(then/now/here/